BI S 3: THYRISTOR V CC MCH IU KHIN CNG

SUT

I.

MC CH:

Tm hiu thyristor v cc mch iu khin cng sut.

I.DNG C:

FACET Base Unit.

Bng mch THYRISTOR & POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS.
Ngun +15V, -15V.
ng h vn nng.
My to sng Sin.
My hin th sng.
II.NI DUNG:

A. Ch 1: Lm quen vi bng mch.

1. Mc ch:
Nhn dng bng mch v cc thyristor trn bng mch THYRISTOR & POWER
CONTROL CIRCUITS.
2. Trnh t th nghim:
Th nghim 1.1: Nhn dng cc thyristor v cc cu kin in t trn bng mch.
Th nghim 1.2: Lin kt cc mch thyristor trn bng mch THYRISTOR &
POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS.

THYRISTOR & POWER CONTROL CIRCUITS.

Lp bng mch SILICON CONTROLED RECTIFIER (SCR)

iu chnh VA=6 vdc
o VR4 = 0mv dc
Nhn S1 v o li VR4 = 5.23 Vdc

MC BNG MCH: SCR DC GATE HALF-WAVE AND FULL-WAVE

Bng mch: SCR AC GATE AND UJT HALF-WAVE AND FULL- WAVE

Kt ni knh 1 v knh 2 ca my hin sng ngang qua hai du in tr R 8 nh

hnh v

Kt lun:
SCR c s dng ch yu chuyn mch trong cc mch iu khin AC v DC. SCR
l cu kin 3 cc
Triac c 3 cc, l chuyn mch c iu khin bng cng. G . Triac l dng
c hai chiu v hot ng nh hai SCR mc sng song
Transistor in ni l mt dng c 3 cc c mt tip gip PN , c th c dng
lm tr tn hiu ti cng SCR
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B CH 2: SCR
1. Mc ch:
Kim chng nguyn l hot ng c bn ca SCR
2. Tnh t th nghim:
Th nghim 2.1

Mc ch: o th 1 SCR bng ng h vn nng

Cn phi c ng h c chc nng o in tr hay chc nng o diod

Tip gip G-K ca SCR ch l mt tip gip PN nn c th o nh 1 diod

Th nghim 2.2
-Mc ch :
Chuyn SCR sang trng thi dn v ngng dn bng cch s dng u ni hai v
tr
-Trnh t th nghim:
Kt ni mch nh hnh v

-Khi VA= 6v Th VAK= 6V, SCR khng dn

-Khi cng G dc kch dn ( nhn S1 ) th SCR m v st p hai u SCR khong
1V
-Mun SCR ngng dn th nh cng kt ni ngt dng gi

Th nghim 3
1.Mc ch th nghim
o in p kch khi cng v dng gi ca 1 SCR
2. Trnh t th nghim
Mc mch nh hnh v

-Lc u R3 c gi tr ln nht (CCW), SCR khng dn

-Xoay nh R3 v cho ti khi SCR dn (c dng qua R4), VAK=1V v o dc
VGT= 0.643V
-Tt SCR bng cch cho h mch A v R4

Mc mch nh hnh o dng gi

-Khi SCR dn ta o dc VR4=5.23V suy ra dng chy qua R4 l IR4 =

VR4/R4 = 5.23/220 = 0.024A
-Xoay R3 ngc chiu kim ng h (CCW) cho ti khi SCR tt , ti thi im
SCR gn tt ta c VR4=0.33Vdc, suy ra dng gi IH= VR4/R4=
0.33/220=0.0015A
Kt lun
-in p kch khi cng VGT l mc in p cng nh nht cn thit m
SCR
- xcs nh gi tr cua in p kch khi cng , ta quan st SCR khi tng in
p ti cng cho n khi SCR chuyn sang dn

-Dng gi ca SCR IH L dng anode thun nh nht cn thit gi SCR

trang thi dn
- xc nh gi tr dng gi ta quan st dong anode tthun khi gim dong
anode cho ti khi din p ti cng tng ln t ngt SCR chuyn sang tt

C. CH 3: IU KHIN SCR BNG TN HIU DC

I. MC CH
Kim chng s iu khin DC ca cc mch chnh nlu dung SCR
II. TRNH T TH NGHIM
Th nghim 3.1
1. Mc ch:
-Kim chng hot ng ca SCR nh mt b chnh lu bn k c iu
khin
2 .Trnh t th nghim
Mc mach nh hnh v

-Cha nhn S1 th SCR cha dn

-Nhn S1 th SCR dn , tn hiu ra trn R4 c dng chnh lu na chu k
-Tn hiu trn SCR c dng nhue hnh v

Th nghim 3.2
1.Mc dch th nghim
-Kim chng vic iu khin bng SCR vi b chnh lu bn k
2.Trnh t th nghim
Mc mch nh hnh

Khi cha nhn S1 , SCR khng dn khng c in th trn R4

Nhn S1 SCR dn, dng dn c duy tr bi R3

Tn hiu ra trn R4 nh hnh v

-Tt SCR bng cch nh cng kt ni gia R3 v A

Th nghim 3.3
1.Mc ch th nghim
Kim chng vic iu khin bng SCR i vi b chnh lu ton k
2.trnh t th nghim
Mc mch nh hnh v

-Mt SCR c th iu khin b chnh lu ton k

-Khi SCR khng dn th s khng c dng chy qua R 4 hay SCR , Q1
- Khi S1 ng s chuyn SCR sang dn , dng in lc ny chy qua R 4 v SCR
-SCR vn trng thi dn bi v dng gi c cung cp bi R 3
-S chnh lu ton k ca tn hiuu vo xy ra ti CR2 sau kh kch dn

CH 4 : IU KHIN SCR BNG TN HIU AC

1.Mc ch :kim chng s iu khin bng tn hiu ac ca mt SCR khi s dng
cc mch iu khin pha bn k v ton k.

2. Trnh t th nghim:
Th nghim 4.1 IU KHIN PHA BN K BNG SCR
Mc mch nh hnh v :(mch iu khin pha bn k)

u vo 18Vpk-pk ,60Hz sine

Dng sng hin th 2 u R8:

KT LUN :
-in tr cng thay i c th iu khin gc dn ca SCR so x t 180 n 90

-Khi mc thm t n cng l nguyn nhn lm dch chuyn pha tn hiu cng ,
lm tng khong iu khin ca gc dn SCR t 180 n 0
-Mt mch iu khin pha SCR c th iu khin tc ca motor mt chiu
- khi mt mch iu khin pha SCR c dng iu khin tc c ca motor
mt chiu th motor s pht ra mt in p trong thi gian SCR ngng dn
Th nghim 4.2 IU KHIN PHA TON K BNG SCR
Mch nh hnh v:

Thay i R2 theo CW quan st dng sng trn R8:

Dng sng trn cc cng ca SCR khi R2 t CW:

iu chnh R2 xem s thay i ca gc dn SCR t 90 n 180 :

KT LUN:

Mt SRC c th iu khin ti ca my chnh lu ton k.

Mch iu khin pha c th iu chnh gc dn cu SCR.

Cng sut cc i ti ca mch chnh lu ton k c th gp i.

A. Ch 5: IU KHIN CNG SUT KHI SCR C KCH DN BNG

MCH UJT
1. Mc ch:
Hiu r ng dng ca UJT lm cy kin kch khi cho SCR
2. Trnh t th nghim:
Th nghim 5.1: c tuyn V-A ca UJT.
Mc ch th nghim 5.1: kim chng h c tuyn ca UJT
Mc mch nh hnh v;

iu chnh my pht n 18Vpp v 60Hz sin

iu chnh R2 n CW :
Quan st trn my hin th sng ta thy dng song:sng vo sng ra

iu chnh tng R2 chm ta thy dng sng:

Tng R2 n cc i ta c dng sng sau:

Tn hiu nh m emiter l: Ve=-7,9 V

KT LUN:

UJT c kch m khi t ti in th VP( firing voltage)

Chng ta c th iu khin xung ra B1 t 0 n 180 .

UJT tt khi in th emitter gim xung di in th Vv

Th nghim 5.2 IU KHIN PHA BN K \TON K BNG UJT

Mc ch : kim chng mch iu khin pha bn k v ton k vi UJT
Mch iu khin pha bn k bngUJT :

iu chnh R2 nh nht ta thy dng sng trn R8 l:

Mch chnh lu ton k iu khin bng UJT:

iu chnh R2 n CW ta thy dng sng ra trn R8 l:

KT LUN:
- bng cch s dng mch iu khin pha bn k dng UJT ,SCR ta c th iu
khin cng sut ca ti t gc dn 0o n 180o
- xung c to ra trn UJT c th c dng kch m SCR
- bng cch s dng mch iu khin pha ton k dng UJT ,SCR ta c th
iu khin cng sut ca ti t gc dn 0o n 360o.

B . CH 6: TRIAC .
1. Mc ch: kim chng hot ng ca cc TRIAC thng dng .
2. Trnh t th nghim:

Th nghim 6-1 :S DN IN THEO 2 HNG TRIAC

Mc ch : kim chng v gii thch h c tuyn dn 2 chiu ca triac.
Mc mch nh hnh v bng mch TRIAC AC POWER CONTROL nh hinh
v.

iu chnh VA = 6Vdc .ta o c in th MT2 l 6Vdc.( v triac khng dn).

n S1 triac s dn (VMT2=0.8vdc)
thay VAbng ngun -6 Vdc: => o c VMT2 = -6Vdc.
n S1 triac s dn (VMT2= -0.8vdc)
KT LUN :
-Triac l mt thit b dn 2 chiu
-Triac ging nh CSR yu cu tn hiu kch dn cc cng m
- tt triac, ngt dng MT2
Th nghim 6-2: CC CH KCH DN CHO TRIAC
Mc ch : kim chng v nhn bit 4 ch kch dn ca triac.
Mc mch nh hnh v : bng mch TRIAC AC POWER CONTROL

iu chnh VA= 6Vdc ln lt thay i cc tnh ca cc ngun VA, VG kim

chng 4 kiu dn ca triac.
KT LUN :
-Triac c th c kch dn bng 1 trong 4 kiu .
-Triac c th dn khi MT2 dng hoc m hn so vi MT1
-in th kch dn cng ca triac c th dng hoc m.
-St p trn triac ang dn gn 0,8V dc
CH 7: IU KHIN CNG SUT AC BNG TRIAC
1. Mc ch :

Kim chng vic s dng triac iu khin cng sut ac.

2. Trnh t th ngim :

Th nghim 7.1
Mc mch nh hnh v :

Mch triac bn k
iu chnh my pht 18Vpk-pk, 60Hz sine.
iu chnh R1 n CW ta quan st c dng sng trn MT2 :

iu chnh R1 theo CCW, gc dn thay i nh sau:

Quan st dng sng ra trn cc cng( gate) khi R1 CW nh sau:

KT LUN:

Mt mch triac bn k dn khi n t n in th kch khi cng.

Hot ng ca mt mch triac bn k ging nh mt SCR.

Chng ta c th s dng mch iu khin pha cc cng ca triac diu khin gc dn

ca triac.

Th nghim 7.2

Mch triac ton k :

iu chnh R1 n CW ta quan st dng sng ra

in th trn cng khi triac m l 1V

KT LUN :
-Mt mch triac chnh lu ton k dn theo 2 chiu.
-Chng ta c th iu khin gc dn ca triac trn c 2 k.
-Chng ta c th kch m triac bng in p cng dng hoc m