Physics

130 Mechanics Review Sheet - Cody Swain

1. Bernoullis Equation: P = pressure =
5

2. Continuity Equation:

usually cancels

3. Simple Harmonic Motion Equations:

() = ( + )
() = cos ( + )
() = 5 sin( + ) = 5 ()

= = 9.81 =
3
3
3 + 3 + 35 = 5 + 5 + 55
5

6. Spring Oscillation Ex.

4. Doppler Effect Equation:

1

= + ` ( ) = and ` = so
= + (() ( is for orientation, bc was)

= `

1 `

3 3 = 5 5

A pendulum of length L and mass M has a spring force k

connected to it at a distance h below its point of suspension. Find
the frequency of vibration of the system for small values of the
amplitude (small ). Assume the vertical suspension rod of length
L is rigid, but ignore its mass.

pqNrst u
N

qpu
st u

qpu

= v +

and with small approx. this is equal to

w . For this kind of problem we want
N

st u

qpu

something in the form = ( 5 ). So 5 = v +

w. So

st u

xM r |} u

qp

=x +

5. Wave Function Example

and = 2 so =
u

~{

Random Notes 1. You cant use Bernoullis for 2 different streamlines. 2. 1 atm = 101,325 Pa. And pascals is

qu

so this is obviously what you calculate in Bernoullis.

Pressure exerted in open air will always be 1 atm. 3. Standing wave is only achieved at a fundamental frequency. First harmonic. 4. As frequency goes up,
3

5p

amplitude goes down. As shown by power equation. = 5 5 5. For a standing wave, =

5p

where n is the harmonic number, which also is the

number of antinodes. (, ) . (, ) = ( ) =

= 2 =

() = x . ( )
Q

Sound intensity Ex. A source emits sound uniformly in all direction. There are no reflections of the sound. At a distance 3 from the source, the sound is 7.0

dB louder than it is at a distance 5 from the source. What is the ratio ? 7.0 = = 3 5 = 10 log v w 10 log v u w 7 = 10 log v w
10 log -

u
u

uu
u

= 7 7 = 10 log v w 7 = 20 log v w 10
u

uT

= = .45

Oscillations Mass/Spring Ex. A small block stacked on a large block oscillate on a frictionless surface with a period of 1.5 s. The upper block just begins
to slip when the amplitude is increased to 40 cm. What is the coefficient of static friction between the two blocks? Answer: Draw a free-body-diagram.
u

J = once you sum forces. Therefore, = . Recall that || = 5 (for maximum acceleration). Plugging in you get =
2. Plugging this in you get =

(5J)u
N

. =

3
3.

. Now recall that =

= . Plug everything in to get = .716.

Sound, Frequency of Beats Ex. Two organ pipes, each have one open end, and are both 1.14 m long. One is then lengthened by 2[cm]. Find the frequency
of the beat they produce when playing together in their fundamental. Answer: Since this is a pipe with one closed end.. =
1 it becomes =

. The beat frequency is I = |5 3 | and 5 =

and 3 =

(3.3V)

. Since =

. The answer to this problem is 1.30 .

(3.3)

7. Fluids, Bernoullis and Height Ex. What gauge pressure in a fire hose is required for water to shoot out to 18[m] high? Solve: So right off the bat, to calculate height I am
5
3

going to need speed. Immediately I need to draw the connection between speed and Bernoullis principle. Then, I start this problem out by drawing a
diagram. So one equation I should not have to derive is = 2. So I need the speed of water coming out of the fire hydrant. Bernoullis equation is
3
3
3 + 3 + 35 = 5 + 5 + 55 . I need to pick two points (drew these in). Ignoring the height of the hydrant, both 3 5 = 0[]. So the
5

equation becomes 3 + 35 = 5 + 55 . Water at point 1 (in the main) is also at rest so the equation becomes, 3 = 5 + 55 . Now recall gauge
5

pressure is the difference from atmospheric. Because 5 is atmospheric pressure, 3 5 = 55 is what you are trying to find. Plugging = 2 into
5
this will give you N = 3 5 = .

8. Fluids Buoyant Force Ex
. A skier is fully submerged in flowing snow of density 96

. Assume that the average density of the skier is 1020

. What percentage of the

gravitational force on the skier is offset by the buoyant force from the snow? Solve: If I were to draw a FBD is would have a buoyant force upward and the force due to gravity
K

downward. know I = J . The goal here is to find L . N = but we dont know the guys mass. However, we do know his density. So N = P . Going back to our
K
goal, placing

KL
KM

QR SN
QT S N

QR
QT

UV
3P5P

100 = 9.412%