SPEED CONTROL UNIT DESIGNED FOR A DC MOTOR

ABSTRACT
A DC motor is an attractive piece of equipment in many industrial applications requiring
variable speed and load characteristics due to its ease of controllability.
The aim of developing this project is to control the speed of a DC motor. The main
advantage of using a DC motor is that the Speed-Torque relationship can be varied to
almost any useful form. To achieve the speed control, an electronic technique called Pulse
Width Modulation is used, which generates high and low pulses. These pulses vary the
speed of the motor. This system uses two input buttons interfaced to the microcontroller,
which are used to control the speed of the motor. For the generation of these pulses, a
microcontroller is used. As a microcontroller is used, setting the speed ranges as per the
requirement is easy, which is done by changing the duty cycles time period in the program.
A motor-driver IC is interfaced to the microcontroller for receiving PWM signals and
delivering desired output for speed control of a small DC motor. The program that is fed in
the controller can be written in Assembly language or in Embedded C. An LCD display is
interfaced to the microcontroller to display the running speed of the motor.
This project is practical and highly feasible from the economic point of view, and has an
advantage of running motors of higher ratings. This project gives a reliable, durable,
accurate and efficient way of controlling speed of a DC motor.
In future this proposed system can be heightened by implementing power electronic
devices such as IGBTs to achieve speed controllable higher capacity industrial motors.

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HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

8051 series Microcontroller, Crystal, DC Motor,

Motor Driver IC, LED, Resistors, Capacitors,
Diodes, Transformer, Voltage Regulator, Push
Buttons.

Keil compiler
Language: Embedded C or Assembly