Atomic size decreases, first ionization energy increases, and electronegativity increases across Period 3 from sodium to argon. Melting point increases from sodium to aluminum due to stronger metallic bonding. Electrical conductivity also increases from sodium to aluminum due to better conduction of valence electrons. The melting point of silicon is highest due to its small size and strong covalent bonding. Phosphorus has a lower melting point than silicon and sulfur because it has a smaller size and weaker van der Waals forces. Chlorine has a higher boiling point than argon but lower than sulfur due to their relative molecular sizes and polarizabilities. Neither silicon nor sulfur conduct electricity as they typically form covalent, molecular structures.
Atomic size decreases, first ionization energy increases, and electronegativity increases across Period 3 from sodium to argon. Melting point increases from sodium to aluminum due to stronger metallic bonding. Electrical conductivity also increases from sodium to aluminum due to better conduction of valence electrons. The melting point of silicon is highest due to its small size and strong covalent bonding. Phosphorus has a lower melting point than silicon and sulfur because it has a smaller size and weaker van der Waals forces. Chlorine has a higher boiling point than argon but lower than sulfur due to their relative molecular sizes and polarizabilities. Neither silicon nor sulfur conduct electricity as they typically form covalent, molecular structures.
Atomic size decreases, first ionization energy increases, and electronegativity increases across Period 3 from sodium to argon. Melting point increases from sodium to aluminum due to stronger metallic bonding. Electrical conductivity also increases from sodium to aluminum due to better conduction of valence electrons. The melting point of silicon is highest due to its small size and strong covalent bonding. Phosphorus has a lower melting point than silicon and sulfur because it has a smaller size and weaker van der Waals forces. Chlorine has a higher boiling point than argon but lower than sulfur due to their relative molecular sizes and polarizabilities. Neither silicon nor sulfur conduct electricity as they typically form covalent, molecular structures.