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GENERALIZED TIDAL FORCE DENSITY VECTOR ALLOWING FOR NON-VANISHING TORSION AND
ARBITRARY FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCE ON THE FIFTH DIMENSION
C. C. Briggs
39 Irving Place, Feasterville, PA 19053
Friday, April 27, 2007
Abstract. General expressions are given for the spacetime and fifth-dimension parts of a 5-dimensional generalized tidal force density vector allowing for non-vanishing
torsion and arbitrary functional dependence on the fifth dimension.
PACS Numbers: 04.50.+h
CONTENTS
1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................................ 1
2. The 5-Dimensional Generalized Tidal Force Density Vector F(2)(1) ............................................................................................... 1
3. The 5-Dimensional Generalized Tidal Force Density Vector F(2)(2) ..............................................................................................44
4. The Covariant Derivative u of the 5-Dimensional Velocity Vector u ........................................................................................87
5. The Covariant Derivative v of the 5-Dimensional Deviation Vector v ......................................................................................88
6. A Check on the Difference Between the Vectors F(2)(1) and F(2)(2) .............................................................................................89
1. INTRODUCTION
This paper presents general expressions for the spacetime and
The vectors F(2)(1) and F(2)(2) are derived, respectively, from two slightly different forms of the generalized equations of geodesic deviation in the
presence of torsion in terms of the 5-dimensional velocity vector u and 5-dimensional deviation vector v.5
2. THE 5-DIMENSIONAL GENERALIZED TIDAL FORCE DENSITY VECTOR F(2)(1)
The spacetime and fifth-dimension parts of the vector F(2)(1), the final expressions for which contain 2299 and 1973 terms, respectively, are given by
F(2)(1)a =
(1)
= (2 Sb5a (c v5) ub uc + 2 Sbca (d vc) ub ud + 2 Sbca (5 vc) ub u5 + 2 S55a (b v5) ub u5 + 2 Sb5a (5 v5) ub u5 + 2 S5ba (c vb) uc u5 +
+ 2 S5ba ( 5 vb) u5 u5 + 2 S55a ( 5 v5) u5 u5 2 ( 5 Sbca) uc u5 vb + R5bca uc u5 vb 2 ( 5 Sb5a) u5 u5 vb + R5b5a u5 u5 vb
2 (b Scda) ub ud vc + Rbcda ub ud vc 2 (b Sc5a) ub u5 vc + Rbc5a ub u5 vc 2 (b S5ca) ub uc v5 + Rb5ca ub uc v5
2 ( 5 S5ba) ub u5 v5 2 ( b S55a) ub u5 v5 + R b55a ub u5 v5 + R 55ba ub u5 v5 2 ( 5 S55a) u5 u5 v5 + R 555a u5 u5 v5)
= (2 (b v5) Sc5a ub uc + 2 (b vc) Sdca ub ud + 2 (5 v5) Sb5a ub u5 + 2 (b v5) S55a ub u5 + 2 (5 vb) Scba uc u5 + 2 (c vb) S5ba uc u5 +
1 Briggs, C. C., A Possible Theoretical Basis for Propulsive Force Generation by Both Conventional and Unconventional Means, gr-qc/9912120, 3 Jan 2000 (10 pages).
2 Briggs, C. C., ibid.
3 Briggs, C. C., General Expressions for the 5-Dimensional Riemann-Christoffel, Ricci, and Einstein Curvature Tensors and Riemann Curvature Scalar Allowing for
Non-Vanishing Torsion and Arbitrary Functional Dependence on the Fifth Dimension, (2007), unpublished (but submitted to the Defense Technical Information Center).
4 Schouten, J. A., Ricci Calculus: An Introduction to Tensor Analysis and Its Geometrical Applications (Second Edition), vol. 10 (Band X) of Die Grundlehren der
mathematischen Wissenschaften in Einzeldarstellungen mit besonderer Bercksichtigung der Anwendungsgebiete, Grammel, F., E. Hopf, H. Hopf, F. Rellich, F. K.
Schmidt, and B. L. van der Waerden (eds.), Springer-Verlag OHG., Berlin, Gttingen, and Heidelberg, Germany (1954); see, e.g., Eq. (4.2) on p. 138.
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+ 2 (5 vb) S5ba u5 u5 + 2 (5 v5) S55a u5 u5 ba5 c5d uc ud vb 2 Sbc5 da5 uc ud vb 2 Sbcd ead uc ue vb +
+ 2 Sbca dce ud ue vb bac dce ud ue vb (b 5ac) uc u5 vb 2 (5 Sbca) uc u5 vb + (5 bac) uc u5 vb
ba5 c55 uc u5 vb 2 Sbcd 5ad uc u5 vb 2 Sbc5 5a5 uc u5 vb + b5c 5a5 uc u5 vb + 2 S5ca 55b uc u5 vb +
+ 2 Sb5a 55c uc u5 vb ba5 55c uc u5 vb 2 Sb5c dac ud u5 vb + 2 Sbca dc5 ud u5 vb bac dc5 ud u5 vb +
+ bcd 5ac ud u5 vb + 2 Sbca 5cd ud u5 vb bac 5cd ud u5 vb (b 5a5) u5 u5 vb 2 (5 Sb5a) u5 u5 vb + (5 ba5) u5 u5 vb
2 Sb5c 5ac u5 u5 vb + bc5 5ac u5 u5 vb 2 Sb55 5a5 u5 u5 vb + b55 5a5 u5 u5 vb + 2 Sbca 5c5 u5 u5 vb
bac 5c5 u5 u5 vb + 4 S55a 55b u5 u5 vb + 2 Sb5a 555 u5 u5 vb ba5 555 u5 u5 vb 2 (b Scda) ub ud vc +
+ (b cad) ub ud vc (c bad) ub ud vc + 2 Sc5a b5d ub ud vc + ba5 c5d ub ud vc 2 (b Sc5a) ub u5 vc + (b ca5) ub u5 vc
(c ba5) ub u5 vc 2 Sc55 ba5 ub u5 vc + 4 S55a b5c ub u5 vc + 2 Sc5a b55 ub u5 vc + ba5 c55 ub u5 vc +
+ 2 Sb5a 55c ub u5 vc + 2 Sb5a 5bc u5 u5 vc + 2 S5ba 5bc u5 u5 vc + 2 Sb5a c5d ub uc vd + 2 S5ba c5d ub uc vd +
+ bac dce ub ue vd + bac dc5 ub u5 vd + 2 Sbca 5cd ub u5 vd + 2 Sb5a cbd uc u5 vd + 2 S5ba cbd uc u5 vd +
+ 2 Sbca 5bd uc u5 vd + 2 Sbca dce ub ud ve + 2 Sbca dbe uc ud ve 2 (b S5ca) ub uc v5 + (b 5ac) ub uc v5 (5 bac) ub uc v5 +
+ 2 S55a b5c ub uc v5 2 S5b5 ca5 ub uc v5 + 2 Sb5a c55 ub uc v5 + 2 S5ba c55 ub uc v5 b5c 5a5 ub uc v5 +
+ ba5 55c ub uc v5 2 S5bc dac ub ud v5 + 2 Sbca dc5 ub ud v5 bcd 5ac ub ud v5 + bac 5cd ub ud v5 +
+ 2 S5ba cbd uc ud v5 + 2 Sbca db5 uc ud v5 2 (b S55a) ub u5 v5 + (b 5a5) ub u5 v5 2 (5 S5ba) ub u5 v5 (5 ba5) ub u5 v5
2 S555 ba5 ub u5 v5 + 6 S55a b55 ub u5 v5 2 S5bc 5ac ub u5 v5 bc5 5ac ub u5 v5 2 S5b5 5a5 ub u5 v5
b55 5a5 ub u5 v5 + 2 Sbca 5c5 ub u5 v5 + bac 5c5 ub u5 v5 + 2 S55a 55b ub u5 v5 + 2 Sb5a 555 ub u5 v5 +
+ 2 S5ba 555 ub u5 v5 + ba5 555 ub u5 v5 2 S55b cab uc u5 v5 + 2 Sb5a cb5 uc u5 v5 + 4 S5ba cb5 uc u5 v5 +
+ 2 S5ba 5bc uc u5 v5 + 2 Sbca 5b5 uc u5 v5 2 (5 S55a) u5 u5 v5 2 S55b 5ab u5 u5 v5 2 S555 5a5 u5 u5 v5 +
+ 2 Sb5a 5b5 u5 u5 v5 + 4 S5ba 5b5 u5 u5 v5 + 6 S55a 555 u5 u5 v5)
= ( ( b v 5 ) c a 5 u b u c ( b v 5 ) 5 a c u b u c ( b v c ) c a d u b u d + ( b v c ) d a c u b u d + ( 5 v 5 ) b a 5 u b u 5 ( b v c ) c a 5 u b u 5
( 5 v 5 ) 5 a b u b u 5 + ( b v c ) 5 a c u b u 5 ( 5 v b ) b a c u c u 5 + ( 5 v b ) c a b u c u 5 ( 5 v b ) b a 5 u 5 u 5 + ( 5 v b ) 5 a b u 5 u 5
( b c a d ) u c u d v b ( b c a 5 ) u c u 5 v b ( b 5 a c ) u c u 5 v b 5 a b 5 5 c u c u 5 v b ( b 5 a 5 ) u 5 u 5 v b + ( 5 5 a b ) u 5 u 5 v b +
+ 5 a 5 5 5 b u 5 u 5 v b 5 a b 5 5 5 u 5 u 5 v b b a c d b e u d u e v c + ( b 5 a c ) u b u 5 v c + ( 5 b a c ) u b u 5 v c
b55 5ac u b u 5 vc + b5c 5a5 u b u 5 vc + ba5 55c u b u 5 vc bac db5 u d u 5 vc bac 5bd u d u 5 vc +
+ 5 a b 5 b c u 5 u 5 v c b a c 5 b 5 u 5 u 5 v c + ( b c a d ) u b u c v d + b a 5 c 5 d u b u c v d b 5 c 5 a d u b u c v d +
+ b c d 5 a c u b u 5 v d + b a c 5 c d u b u 5 v d + b a c d c e u b u d v e + ( b c a 5 ) u b u c v 5 ( 5 b a c ) u b u c v 5 +
+ b a 5 c 5 5 u b u c v 5 b 5 c 5 a 5 u b u c v 5 + b a c d c 5 u b u d v 5 b a 5 c b d u c u d v 5 + ( b 5 a 5 ) u b u 5 v 5
( 5 5 a b ) u b u 5 v 5 + b c 5 5 a c u b u 5 v 5 + b a c 5 c 5 u b u 5 v 5 5 a 5 5 5 b u b u 5 v 5 + b a 5 5 5 5 u b u 5 v 5
ba5 cb5 u c u 5 v 5 ba5 5bc u c u 5 v 5 ba5 5b5 u 5 u 5 v 5 + 5ab 5b5 u 5 u 5 v 5)
= 2 2 (5 vb) S(2)ba u5 u5 + 14 (b ) (5 ) Aa u5 u5 vb 1 14 2 (5 ) (5 ) Ab Aa u5 u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 2 (5 ) S(2)ba u5 u5 vb 1 12 2 (5 ) S(2)ab u5 u5 vb 1 + 14 3 (b ) (5 ) Ac Ad Aa uc ud vb 1 +
+ 2 2 (5 ) Ab Aa S(2)cd uc ud vb 1 + 12 2 (b ) Ac S(2)da uc ud vb 1 22 S(2)bc S(2)da uc ud vb 1 +
+ 12 2 (b ) Ac S(2)ad uc ud vb 1 22 S(2)bc S(2)ad uc ud vb 1 + 12 2 (b ) (5 ) Ac Aa uc u5 vb 1
12 2 (5 ) Aa S(2)bc uc u5 vb 1 + 12 2 (b ) S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 + 12 2 (b ) S(2)ac uc u5 vb 1
14 2 (5 gbc) (5 ) Ad Aa ub ud vc 1 12 2 2 (5 ) Ab Aa S(2)cd ub ud vc 1 12 2 (5 gbc) S(2)da ub ud vc 1 +
+ 12 2 (b ) Ac S(2)da ub ud vc 1 12 2 2 (5 ) Ab Ac S(2)da ub ud vc 1 22 S(2)bc S(2)da ub ud vc 1
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32 1 (5 ) Aa S(1)ab u5 u5 vb 12 2 2 (a ) S(2)ba u5 u5 vb +
+ 12 3 2 (5 ) Aa S(2)ba u5 u5 vb 12 2 2 (a ) S(2)ab u5 u5 vb + 12 2 (5 gab) Ac S(2)ac u5 u5 vb +
+ 22 Aa S(2)bc S(2)ac u5 u5 vb 32 2 (5 gab) Ac S(2)ca u5 u5 vb 12 2 3 (5 ) Aa Ab S(3)a u5 u5 vb
2 2 (a S(2)bc) uc ua vb + 2 2 2 (4){adb} S(2)ca ud uc vb 3 (a S(3)b) Ac ua uc vb + 14 2 (5 Uab) Ac ua uc vb
34 2 (5 Fab) Ac ua uc vb 32 3 3 (a ) Ab S(3)c ua uc vb + 12 3 Uab S(3)c ua uc vb 32 3 Fab S(3)c ua uc vb
2 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac Ad ua ud vb + 12 2 (5 gab) Ac Ae (4){ecd} ua ud vb 14 2 (5 gab) Ac Ucd ua ud vb +
+ 14 2 (5 gab) Ac Fcd ua ud vb + 12 0 Ucd S(0)abc ua ud vb 0 1 S(0)abc S(1)cd ua ud vb
2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)cd ua ud vb 2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)dc ua ud vb 12 3 (a b ) Ac Ad Aa uc ud vb
14 4 (a ) (5 Ab) Ac Ad Aa uc ud vb + 12 2 (5 Aa) Ab (4){cad} uc ud vb + 14 2 (5 gab) Aa Ucd uc ud vb
12 2 (5 gab) Ac Fad uc ud vb + 12 0 Fad S(0)abc uc ud vb 2 0 Ae (4){eab} S(0)acd uc ud vb +
+ 2 0 (5 Aa) Ab S(0)acd uc ud vb + 2 0 (5 gab) S(0)acd uc ud vb + 1 (5 gab) Ac S(1)ad uc ud vb
0 1 S(0)abc S(1)ad uc ud vb 2 2 2 Aa Ae (4){eab} S(2)cd uc ud vb + 2 2 Aa Uab S(2)cd uc ud vb
2 2 Aa Fab S(2)cd uc ud vb 4 1 2 Aa S(1)ab S(2)cd uc ud vb 2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)da uc ud vb
2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)ad uc ud vb 0 3 Aa S(0)abc S(3)d uc ud vb + 2 2 Aa Ab (4){cde} S(2)da uc ue vb
12 2 (5 gab) Ac Aa (4){dce} ud ue vb + 2 0 (5 gab) Ac Ad S(0)aec ud ue vb 2 0 (5 gab) Ac Aa S(0)cde ud ue vb
2 0 2 Aa Ab S(0)cda S(2)ec ud ue vb 2 0 2 Aa Ab S(0)cda S(2)ce ud ue vb + 2 2 0 2 Aa Ab S(0)cde S(2)ca ud ue vb
0 (5 S(0)abc) Aa uc u5 vb 2 3 (a S(3)b) ua u5 vb 2 (5 Aa) (5 Ab) ua u5 vb +
+ 12 (5 Uab) ua u5 vb + 1 (5 S(1)ab) ua u5 vb 12 2 (5 5 Aa) Ab ua u5 vb
3 (5 S(3)a) Ab ua u5 vb 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac ua u5 vb 12 2 (5 5 gab) ua u5 vb
12 3 (5 a ) Ab ua u5 vb 34 4 (5 Aa) (5 ) Ab ua u5 vb 12 4 (5 5 ) Aa Ab ua u5 vb 34 3 (5 ) Fab ua u5 vb
12 2 1 (5 ) S(1)ab ua u5 vb 3 (5 Aa) S(3)b ua u5 vb 32 3 3 (5 ) Aa S(3)b ua u5 vb 4 32 S(3)a S(3)b ua u5 vb
2 0 3 S(0)abc S(3)c ua u5 vb + 3 2 3 Aa S(2)bc S(3)c ua u5 vb 2 (a b ) Ac Aa uc u5 vb +
+ 14 3 (a ) (5 Ab) Ac Aa uc u5 vb 12 2 (a ) Ab Ad (4){dac} uc u5 vb +
+ 12 3 (5 ) Aa Ab Ad (4){dac} uc u5 vb 14 3 (5 ) Aa Ab Uac uc u5 vb
14 (5 gab) Fac uc u5 vb + 34 3 (5 ) Aa Ab Fac uc u5 vb 0 (5 Aa) S(0)abc uc u5 vb + 12 1 (5 gab) S(1)ac uc u5 vb
2 1 (5 ) Aa Ab S(1)ac uc u5 vb 2 2 Ad (4){dab} S(2)ac uc u5 vb 2 2 (5 Aa) Aa S(2)bc uc u5 vb
32 2 2 (5 Aa) Ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 32 2 2 (5 gab) S(2)ca uc u5 vb + 12 3 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb
32 4 2 (5 ) Aa Ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb + 2 Uab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 12 2 Fab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 2 S(1)ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb
2 22 S(2)ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb + 12 2 2 (5 Aa) Ab S(2)ac uc u5 vb + 12 2 2 (5 gab) S(2)ac uc u5 vb +
+ 12 3 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ac uc u5 vb 12 2 Fab S(2)ac uc u5 vb 3 1 2 S(1)ab S(2)ac uc u5 vb 12 3 (5 gab) Aa S(3)c uc u5 vb +
+ 12 2 3 (a ) Ab Aa S(3)c uc u5 vb + 2 3 Aa S(2)ba S(3)c uc u5 vb 2 3 Aa S(2)ab S(3)c uc u5 vb +
+ 12 3 (5 gab) Ac S(3)a uc u5 vb 2 0 3 S(0)abc S(3)a uc u5 vb + 0 (5 gab) Ac S(0)adc ud u5 vb +
+ 12 0 (5 gab) Ac S(0)acd ud u5 vb 32 0 (5 gab) Ac S(0)cda ud u5 vb + 2 0 2 Aa S(0)abc S(2)cd ud u5 vb
2 22 Aa Ab S(2)ca S(2)dc ud u5 vb + 12 2 2 (5 gab) Ac Ad S(2)ac ud u5 vb 12 2 2 (5 gab) Ac Aa S(2)cd ud u5 vb +
+ 2 22 Aa Ab S(2)cd S(2)ca ud u5 vb + 14 2 (a ) (5 gbc) Aa Ab u5 u5 vc + 14 3 (5 gab) (5 ) Ac Aa Ab u5 u5 vc +
+ 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)acb u5 u5 vc 12 2 0 (5 ) Aa Ab S(0)acb u5 u5 vc + 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)abc u5 u5 vc
12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)bca u5 u5 vc + 12 2 (5 gab) Aa S(2)cb u5 u5 vc 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Aa S(2)cb u5 u5 vc +
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+ 2 3 3 (a S(3)b) Ac ub uc va + 2 4 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac Ad ub ud va +
+ 3 3 Aa (4){bcd} S(3)c ub ud va + 2 2 1 (a S(1)bc) Ad Ab uc ud va +
+ 12 4 (5 Aa) Ab Ac Ae (4){ebd} uc ud va 14 4 (5 Aa) Ab Ac Ubd uc ud va 12 3 Aa Ae (4){ebc} Fbd uc ud va
14 4 (5 Aa) Ab Ac Fbd uc ud va 14 3 Aa Fbc Fbd uc ud va + 2 1 Aa Ae (4){ebc} S(1)bd uc ud va +
+ 3 1 (5 Aa) Ab Ac S(1)bd uc ud va + 2 1 Aa Fbc S(1)bd uc ud va 12 Aa S(1)bc S(1)bd uc ud va
12 4 2 Aa Ubc S(2)db uc ud va + 4 2 Aa Fbc S(2)db uc ud va 3 1 2 Aa S(1)bc S(2)db uc ud va +
+ 12 4 2 Aa Fbc S(2)bd uc ud va 3 1 2 Aa S(1)bc S(2)bd uc ud va + 2 3 0 3 Aa S(0)bcd S(3)b uc ud va +
+ 2 3 0 (a S(0)bcd) Ad Ae Ab uc ue va + 4 0 (5 Aa) Ab Ac Ad S(0)bec ud ue va + 2 2 3 (a S(3)b) ub u5 va
12 4 (5 5 Aa) Ab ub u5 va 3 3 (5 S(3)a) Ab ub u5 va + 2 3 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac ub u5 va
32 3 3 (5 Aa) S(3)b ub u5 va 3 2 3 Aa S(2)bc S(3)c ub u5 va + 2 1 (a S(1)bc) Ab uc u5 va +
+ 2 2 3 (a S(3)b) Ac Ab uc u5 va + 2 2 0 (a S(0)bcd) Ad Ab uc u5 va
4 2 (5 S(2)ab) Ab Ac uc u5 va + 12 3 (5 Aa) Ab Ad (4){dbc} uc u5 va
14 3 (5 Aa) Ab Ubc uc u5 va + 12 3 (5 Aa) Ab Fbc uc u5 va 12 2 1 (5 Aa) Ab S(1)bc uc u5 va
32 4 2 (5 Aa) Ab S(2)cb uc u5 va + 2 3 Aa Ad (4){dbc} S(3)b uc u5 va + 12 3 3 (5 Aa) Ab Ac S(3)b uc u5 va +
+ 12 2 3 Aa Fbc S(3)b uc u5 va 1 3 Aa S(1)bc S(3)b uc u5 va + 3 2 3 Aa S(2)bc S(3)b uc u5 va +
+ 2 3 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac Ad Ab ud u5 va + 14 4 (5 Aa) (5 gbc) Ad Ab Ac ud u5 va 12 3 0 (5 Aa) Ab Ac S(0)bdc ud u5 va +
+ 12 4 2 (5 Aa) Ab Ac Ad S(2)bc ud u5 va 3 (5 Aa) (5 Ab) Aa u5 u5 vb + 12 2 (5 Uab) Aa u5 u5 vb
1 (5 S(1)ab) Aa u5 u5 vb 12 3 (5 5 Aa) Ab Aa u5 u5 vb
2 3 (5 S(3)a) Ab Aa u5 u5 vb 2 0 (5 S(0)abc) Ac Aa u5 u5 vb
2 (5 Aa) Ac (4){cab} u5 u5 vb 14 2 (5 gab) Ac Fac u5 u5 vb + 12 2 0 (5 gab) Ac Ad S(0)acd u5 u5 vb
2 1 (5 Aa) S(1)ab u5 u5 vb + 12 1 (5 gab) Ac S(1)ac u5 u5 vb + 12 3 2 (5 Aa) S(2)ba u5 u5 vb +
+ 12 3 2 (5 Aa) S(2)ab u5 u5 vb + 12 3 2 (5 gab) Ac S(2)ac u5 u5 vb 12 3 2 (5 gab) Ac Ad Aa S(2)cd u5 u5 vb
2 3 Ac (4){cab} S(3)a u5 u5 vb 2 3 (5 Aa) Aa S(3)b u5 u5 vb + 2 0 3 Aa S(0)abc S(3)c u5 u5 vb
2 2 3 Aa Ab S(2)ac S(3)c u5 u5 vb + 12 2 3 (5 gab) S(3)a u5 u5 vb 4 1 3 S(1)ab S(3)a u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 2 3 S(2)ab S(3)a u5 u5 vb 12 2 3 (5 gab) Ac Aa S(3)c u5 u5 vb + 2 2 3 Aa Ab S(2)ca S(3)c u5 u5 vb
3 3 (a S(3)b) Ac ua uc vb + 14 4 (5 Uab) Ac ua uc vb 34 4 (5 Fab) Ac ua uc vb 32 3 3 Fab S(3)c ua uc vb
2 1 3 S(1)ab S(3)c ua uc vb 4 2 (a S(2)bc) Ac Ad ua ud vb 12 3 3 Aa Ab Fcd S(3)c ua ud vb +
+ 2 1 3 Aa Ab S(1)cd S(3)c ua ud vb + 12 4 (5 Aa) Ab (4){cad} uc ud vb + 14 4 (5 Aa) Ab Aa Ucd uc ud vb
12 4 (5 gab) Ac Fad uc ud vb + 4 0 (5 Aa) Ab S(0)acd uc ud vb + 3 1 (5 gab) Ac S(1)ad uc ud vb +
+ 3 3 Aa Ab Ae (4){eac} S(3)d uc ud vb 12 3 3 Aa Ab Uac S(3)d uc ud vb + 3 3 Aa Ab Fac S(3)d uc ud vb
2 1 3 Aa Ab S(1)ac S(3)d uc ud vb + 12 3 3 Aa Ab Ucd S(3)a uc ud vb 12 3 Aa Ab (4){cde} Fad uc ue vb
12 3 0 Aa Ab Ude S(0)acd uc ue vb + 3 0 Aa Ab Fde S(0)acd uc ue vb 2 0 1 Aa Ab S(0)acd S(1)de uc ue vb +
+ 2 1 Aa Ab (4){cde} S(1)ad uc ue vb + 4 2 Aa Ab (4){cde} S(2)da uc ue vb + 12 4 (5 gab) Ac Ad Aa Fce ud ue vb
3 0 Aa Ab Fac S(0)cde ud ue vb + 12 3 0 Aa Ab Fce S(0)cda ud ue vb + 3 0 Aa Ab Af (4){fcd} S(0)cea ud ue vb +
+ 12 3 0 Aa Ab Fce S(0)acd ud ue vb + 4 0 (5 gab) Ac Ad S(0)aec ud ue vb + 2 2 0 1 Aa Ab S(0)cde S(1)ac ud ue vb
3 1 (5 gab) Ac Ad Aa S(1)ce ud ue vb 2 0 1 Aa Ab S(0)cda S(1)ce ud ue vb
2 0 1 Aa Ab S(0)acd S(1)ce ud ue vb 4 0 2 Aa Ab S(0)cda S(2)ec ud ue vb
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= ( 4 Sbc5 Sd5a uc ud vb 4 Sbcd Seda uc ue vb + 2 S55a (b u5) u5 vb 4 Sbcd S5da uc u5 vb 4 Sbc5 S55a uc u5 vb
2 ( 5 Sbca) uc u5 vb + R 5bca uc u5 vb 4 Sb5c S5ca u5 u5 vb 4 Sb55 S55a u5 u5 vb 2 ( 5 Sb5a) u5 u5 vb + R 5b5a u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 Sb5a (c u5) ub vc 2 (b Scda) ub ud vc + Rbcda ub ud vc + 2 S5ba (c ub) u5 vc 4 Sb5a Sc55 ub u5 vc 2 (b Sc5a) ub u5 vc +
+ Rbc5a ub u5 vc + 2 Sbca (d uc) ub vd 4 Sbca Sd5c ub u5 vd + 2 Sbca (5 uc) ub v5 + 2 Sb5a (5 u5) ub v5 4 Sb5a S5c5 ub uc v5
2 ( b S5ca) ub uc v5 + Rb5ca ub uc v5 4 Sbca S5dc ub ud v5 + 2 S5ba ( 5 ub) u5 v5 + 2 S55a ( 5 u5) u5 v5 4 S5b5 S55a ub u5 v5
4 Sbca S55c ub u5 v5 4 Sb5a S555 ub u5 v5 2 ( 5 S5ba) ub u5 v5 2 ( b S55a) ub u5 v5 + R b55a ub u5 v5 + R 55ba ub u5 v5
4 S5ba S5cb uc u5 v5 4 S5ba S55b u5 u5 v5 4 S55a S555 u5 u5 v5 2 ( 5 S55a) u5 u5 v5 + R 555a u5 u5 v5)
= ( 4 Sbc5 Sd5a uc ud vb ba5 c5d uc ud vb 2 Sbc5 da5 uc ud vb 4 Sbcd Seda uc ue vb 2 Sbcd ead uc ue vb +
+ 2 Sbca dce ud ue vb bac dce ud ue vb + 2 (b u5) S55a u5 vb (b 5ac) uc u5 vb 2 (5 Sbca) uc u5 vb + (5 bac) uc u5 vb
4 Sbcd S5da uc u5 vb 4 Sbc5 S55a uc u5 vb + 2 S55a b5c uc u5 vb ba5 c55 uc u5 vb 2 Sbcd 5ad uc u5 vb
2 Sbc5 5a5 uc u5 vb + b5c 5a5 uc u5 vb + 2 S5ca 55b uc u5 vb + 2 Sb5a 55c uc u5 vb ba5 55c uc u5 vb
2 Sb5c dac ud u5 vb + 2 Sbca dc5 ud u5 vb bac dc5 ud u5 vb + bcd 5ac ud u5 vb + 2 Sbca 5cd ud u5 vb
bac 5cd ud u5 vb (b 5a5) u5 u5 vb 2 (5 Sb5a) u5 u5 vb + (5 ba5) u5 u5 vb 4 Sb5c S5ca u5 u5 vb 4 Sb55 S55a u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 S55a b55 u5 u5 vb 2 Sb5c 5ac u5 u5 vb + bc5 5ac u5 u5 vb 2 Sb55 5a5 u5 u5 vb + b55 5a5 u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 Sbca 5c5 u5 u5 vb bac 5c5 u5 u5 vb + 2 S55a 55b u5 u5 vb + 2 Sb5a 555 u5 u5 vb ba5 555 u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 (c u5) Sb5a ub vc 2 (b Scda) ub ud vc + (b cad) ub ud vc (c bad) ub ud vc + 2 Sc5a b5d ub ud vc + 2 Sb5a c5d ub ud vc +
+ ba5 c5d ub ud vc + 2 (c ub) S5ba u5 vc 2 (b Sc5a) ub u5 vc + (b ca5) ub u5 vc (c ba5) ub u5 vc 4 Sb5a Sc55 ub u5 vc
2 Sc55 ba5 ub u5 vc + 2 S55a b5c ub u5 vc + 2 Sc5a b55 ub u5 vc + 2 Sb5a c55 ub u5 vc + ba5 c55 ub u5 vc +
+ 2 S5ba cbd ud u5 vc + 2 S5ba cb5 u5 u5 vc + 2 Sb5a 5bc u5 u5 vc + 2 (d ub) Scba uc vd + 2 S5ba c5d ub uc vd +
+ 2 Sbca dce ub ue vd + bac dce ub ue vd 4 Sbca Sd5c ub u5 vd + 2 Sbca dc5 ub u5 vd + bac dc5 ub u5 vd +
+ 2 Sb5a cbd uc u5 vd + 2 Sbca 5bd uc u5 vd + 2 Sbca dbe uc ud ve + 2 (5 u5) Sb5a ub v5 + 2 (5 ub) Scba uc v5 2 (b S5ca) ub uc v5 +
+ (b 5ac) ub uc v5 (5 bac) ub uc v5 4 Sb5a S5c5 ub uc v5 + 2 S55a b5c ub uc v5 2 S5b5 ca5 ub uc v5 +
+ 2 S5ba c55 ub uc v5 b5c 5a5 ub uc v5 + 2 Sb5a 55c ub uc v5 + ba5 55c ub uc v5 4 Sbca S5dc ub ud v5
2 S5bc dac ub ud v5 bcd 5ac ub ud v5 + 2 Sbca 5cd ub ud v5 + bac 5cd ub ud v5 + 2 S5ba cbd uc ud v5 +
+ 2 Sbca db5 uc ud v5 + 2 (5 ub) S5ba u5 v5 + 2 (5 u5) S55a u5 v5 2 (b S55a) ub u5 v5 + (b 5a5) ub u5 v5 2 (5 S5ba) ub u5 v5
(5 ba5) ub u5 v5 4 S5b5 S55a ub u5 v5 4 Sbca S55c ub u5 v5 4 Sb5a S555 ub u5 v5 2 S555 ba5 ub u5 v5 +
+ 4 S55a b55 ub u5 v5 2 S5bc 5ac ub u5 v5 bc5 5ac ub u5 v5 2 S5b5 5a5 ub u5 v5 b55 5a5 ub u5 v5 +
+ 2 Sbca 5c5 ub u5 v5 + bac 5c5 ub u5 v5 + 4 S55a 55b ub u5 v5 + 2 Sb5a 555 ub u5 v5 + 2 S5ba 555 ub u5 v5 +
+ ba5 555 ub u5 v5 4 S5ba S5cb uc u5 v5 2 S55b cab uc u5 v5 + 2 Sb5a cb5 uc u5 v5 + 2 S5ba cb5 uc u5 v5 +
44
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c a
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5 a
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68
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68
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69
12 (a b ) ua u5 vb 1 12 (5 5 gab) ua u5 vb 1 + 12 (a ) (5 Ab) ua u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 (5 a ) Ab ua u5 vb 1 34 2 (5 Aa) (5 ) Ab ua u5 vb 1 12 2 (5 5 ) Aa Ab ua u5 vb 1 +
+ 14 3 (a ) (5 ) Ab ua u5 vb 1 + 14 4 (5 ) (5 ) Aa Ab ua u5 vb 1 +
+ 14 (5 ) Uab ua u5 vb 1 + 12 1 (5 ) S(1)ab ua u5 vb 1 + 3 (a ) S(3)b ua u5 vb 1
12 3 (5 ) Aa S(3)b ua u5 vb 1 + 12 2 (a ) (b ) Ac Aa uc u5 vb 1 + 14 2 (5 gab) (5 ) Ac Aa uc u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 0 (a ) S(0)abc uc u5 vb 1 12 0 (5 ) Aa S(0)abc uc u5 vb 1 32 2 (5 gab) S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 2 2 (5 ) Aa Ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 22 S(2)ab S(2)ca uc u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 2 (5 gab) S(2)ac uc u5 vb 1 12 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ac uc u5 vb 1 + 12 2 2 (5 ) Aa Ab S(2)ac uc u5 vb 1 +
+ 12 (5 (4){abc}) ub ua vc 1 2 (4){adb} S(2)ca ud ub vc 1 + 12 (a b ) Ac ua ub vc 1
14 2 (a ) (5 Ab) Ac ua ub vc 1 12 2 (5 a ) Ab Ac ua ub vc 1 + 14 4 (a ) (5 ) Ab Ac ua ub vc 1 +
+ 14 2 (5 ) Aa Ubc ua ub vc 1 + 34 (a ) Fbc ua ub vc 1 34 2 (5 ) Aa Fbc ua ub vc 1 + 12 1 (a ) S(1)bc ua ub vc 1
3 (5 gab) S(3)c ua ub vc 1 + 32 3 (a ) Ab S(3)c ua ub vc 1 2 3 (5 ) Aa Ab S(3)c ua ub vc 1
4 2 3 S(2)ab S(3)c ua ub vc 1 + 12 2 (a ) (5 gbc) Ad Ab ua ud vc 1 2 (4){abc} S(2)bd ua ud vc 1
2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)db ua ud vc 1 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)bd ua ud vc 1 12 0 (5 gab) S(0)acd ub ud vc 1 +
+ 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)acd ub ud vc 1 12 2 0 (5 ) Aa Ab S(0)acd ub ud vc 1 + 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)da ub ud vc 1
0 2 S(0)abc S(2)da ub ud vc 1 + 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)ad ub ud vc 1 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)ad ub ud vc 1 +
+ 12 (a ) (5 gbc) Ab ua u5 vc 1 + 22 S(2)ab S(2)cb ua u5 vc 1 + 2 (a ) Ab S(2)bc ua u5 vc 1
14 2 (a ) (b ) Ac Aa ub u5 vc 1 + 14 2 (5 gab) (5 ) Ac Aa ub u5 vc 1 14 3 (a ) (5 ) Ab Ac Aa ub u5 vc 1 +
+ 12 (a ) (4){bac} ub u5 vc 1 12 (5 ) Aa (4){bac} ub u5 vc 1 + 12 0 (a ) S(0)bca ub u5 vc 1 +
+ 12 0 (a ) S(0)abc ub u5 vc 1 12 0 (5 ) Aa S(0)abc ub u5 vc 1 + 12 2 (5 gab) S(2)ca ub u5 vc 1
32 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ca ub u5 vc 1 + 2 2 (5 ) Aa Ab S(2)ca ub u5 vc 1 + 3 22 S(2)ab S(2)ca ub u5 vc 1 +
+ 12 2 (5 gab) S(2)ac ub u5 vc 1 12 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ac ub u5 vc 1 + 12 2 2 (5 ) Aa Ab S(2)ac ub u5 vc 1 +
+ 22 S(2)ab S(2)ac ub u5 vc 1 14 2 (a ) (5 gbc) Ad Ab ua uc vd 1 + 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)cdb ua uc vd 1 +
+ 2 (4){abc} S(2)bd ua uc vd 1 + 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)db ua uc vd 1 + 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)bd ua uc vd 1
14 3 (a ) (b ) Ac Ad Aa ub uc vd 1 + 12 (a ) Ab (4){cad} ub uc vd 1 12 2 (5 ) Aa Ab (4){cad} ub uc vd 1
12 0 (5 gab) S(0)cda ub uc vd 1 + 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)cda ub uc vd 1 12 2 0 (5 ) Aa Ab S(0)cda ub uc vd 1
12 0 (5 gab) S(0)acd ub uc vd 1 + 12 0 (a ) Ab S(0)acd ub uc vd 1 12 2 0 (5 ) Aa Ab S(0)acd ub uc vd 1
12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)da ub uc vd 1 + 2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)da ub uc vd 1 12 2 2 (a ) Ab Ac S(2)ad ub uc vd 1 +
+ 2 0 2 S(0)abc S(2)ad ub uc vd 1 + 2 2 (5 S(2)ab) ub ua v5 1 + 12 (a b ) ua ub v5 1 +
+ 12 (5 5 gab) ua ub v5 1 (a ) (5 Ab) ua ub v5 1 (5 a ) Ab ua ub v5 1 +
+ 32 2 (5 Aa) (5 ) Ab ua ub v5 1 + 12 2 (5 5 ) Aa Ab ua ub v5 1 +
+ 14 3 (a ) (5 ) Ab ua ub v5 1 14 4 (5 ) (5 ) Aa Ab ua ub v5 1 14 (5 ) Uab ua ub v5 1 +
+ 3 (5 ) Aa S(3)b ua ub v5 1 14 (a ) (5 gbc) Ab ua uc v5 1 12 2 (a ) Ab S(2)cb ua uc v5 1
22 S(2)ab S(2)cb ua uc v5 1 12 2 (a ) Ab S(2)bc ua uc v5 1 14 2 (a ) (b ) Ac Aa ub uc v5 1
12 2 (5 gab) (5 ) Ac Aa ub uc v5 1 + 14 3 (a ) (5 ) Ab Ac Aa ub uc v5 1 12 (a ) (4){bac} ub uc v5 1 +
+ 12 (5 ) Aa (4){bac} ub uc v5 1 0 (a ) S(0)abc ub uc v5 1 + 0 (5 ) Aa S(0)abc ub uc v5 1 +
+ 2 (5 gab) S(2)ca ub uc v5 1 + 2 (a ) Ab S(2)ca ub uc v5 1 2 22 S(2)ab S(2)ca ub uc v5 1
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1 2 2 (a ) S(2)ba u5 u5 vb + 1 3 2 (5 ) Aa S(2)ba u5 u5 vb
2
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a ub =
= a u + a c u + a
b
b
5
(5)
a u5 =
= a u + a
5
u + a
b
5
5
(6)
= a u5 12 (5 gab) ub 1 + 12 (b ) Aa ub 1 + 12 (a ) Ab ub 1 12 2 (5 ) Aa Ab ub 1 2 S(2)ab ub 1
2 S(2)ba ub 1 + 12 (a ) u5 1 12 2 (5 Ab) Aa ub 12 2 (5 Aa) Ab ub 12 2 (5 gab) ub 12 4 (5 ) Aa Ab ub + 12 Uab ub +
+ 1 S(1)ab ub 2 2 S(2)ab ub 2 2 S(2)ba ub 3 Ab S(3)a ub 3 Aa S(3)b ub + 12 3 (b ) Aa Ac Ab uc Ab (4){abc} uc +
+ 0 Ab S(0)abc uc 0 Ab S(0)bca uc 2 2 Ab Ac S(2)ab uc 2 2 Aa Ab S(2)cb uc 12 (5 gab) Ab u5 + 12 2 (b ) Aa Ab u5
12 3 (5 ) Aa u5 2 Ab S(2)ab u5 2 Ab S(2)ba u5 12 4 (5 Ab) Aa ub 12 4 (5 Aa) Ab ub 3 3 Ab S(3)a ub
3 3 Aa S(3)b ub 12 3 Ab Ac Fab uc + 12 3 Aa Ab Fbc uc + 2 1 Ab Ac S(1)ab uc 2 1 Aa Ab S(1)bc uc
4 2 Ab Ac S(2)ab uc 4 2 Aa Ab S(2)cb uc + 3 0 Ab Ac Ad S(0)abc ud 3 0 Aa Ab Ac S(0)bdc ud
12 3 (5 Ab) Aa Ab u5 12 3 (5 Aa) u5 12 2 Ab Fab u5 + 2 0 Ab Ac S(0)abc u5 + 1 Ab S(1)ab u5
3 2 Ab S(2)ab u5 3 2 Aa Ab Ac S(2)bc u5 2 3 S(3)a u5 2 3 Aa Ab S(3)b u5 ,
5 ua =
(7)
= 5 u a + 5ab u b + 5a5 u 5
= 5 ua + 12 2 (5 ) Ab Aa ub 2 S(2)ba ub + 2 S(2)ab ub + 12 (5 ) Aa u5 12 (b ) Ac uc gab 12 (b ) u5 gab + 12 (5 gbc) ub gac +
+ 12 2 (5 Ab) Aa ub 12 Fab ub + 1 S(1)ab ub + 3 Aa S(3)b ub + 3 Ab S(3)a ub + 0 Ab S(0)acb uc +
+ 2 2 Ab Aa S(2)cb uc + 2 2 Ab Ac S(2)ab uc + 2 2 Ab S(2)ab u5 + 2 3 S(3)a u5 + 12 2 (5 Ab) Ac uc gab +
+ (5 Ab) u5 gab ,
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5 u5 =
= 5 u + 5
5
u + 5
a
5
5
(8)
= 5 u5 + 12 (a ) ua 1 + 12 (5 ) u5 1 12 3 (5 ) Aa ua 2 3 S(3)a ua 12 (5 gab) Aa ub + 12 2 (a ) Ab Aa ub
2 Aa S(2)ba ub 2 Aa S(2)ab ub + 12 (a ) Aa u5 12 2 (5 ) u5 12 3 (5 Aa) ua 2 3 S(3)a ua
12 3 (5 Aa) Ab Aa ub + 12 2 Aa Fab ub 1 Aa S(1)ab ub 3 2 Aa S(2)ba ub 2 3 Aa Ab S(3)a ub
2 0 Aa Ab S(0)acb uc 3 2 Aa Ab Ac S(2)ab uc 2 (5 Aa) Aa u5 2 2 2 Aa Ab S(2)ab u5 2 3 Aa S(3)a u5 .
5. THE COVARIANT DERIVATIVE v OF THE 5-DIMENSIONAL DEVIATION VECTOR v
The four parts of the covariant derivative v of the 5-dimensional deviation vector vare given by
a vb =
= a v + a c v + a
b
b
5
(9)
a v5 =
= a v + a
5
v + a
b
5
5
(10)
= a v5 12 (5 gab) vb 1 + 12 (b ) Aa vb 1 + 12 (a ) Ab vb 1 12 2 (5 ) Aa Ab vb 1 2 S(2)ab vb 1
2 S(2)ba vb 1 + 12 (a ) v5 1 12 2 (5 Ab) Aa vb 12 2 (5 Aa) Ab vb 12 2 (5 gab) vb 12 4 (5 ) Aa Ab vb + 12 U ab vb +
+ 1 S(1)ab vb 2 2 S(2)ab vb 2 2 S(2)ba vb 3 A b S(3)a vb 3 A a S(3)b vb + 12 3 (b ) Aa Ac Ab vc Ab (4){abc} vc +
+ 0 A b S(0)abc vc 0 A b S(0)bca vc 2 2 A b A c S(2)ab vc 2 2 A a A b S(2)cb vc 12 (5 gab) Ab v5 + 12 2 (b ) Aa Ab v5
12 3 (5 ) A a v5 2 A b S(2)ab v5 2 A b S(2)ba v5 12 4 (5 Ab) Aa vb 12 4 (5 Aa) Ab vb 3 3 Ab S(3)a vb
3 3 Aa S(3)b vb 12 3 Ab Ac Fab vc + 12 3 Aa Ab Fbc vc + 2 1 Ab Ac S(1)ab vc 2 1 Aa Ab S(1)bc vc
4 2 Ab Ac S(2)ab vc 4 2 Aa Ab S(2)cb vc + 3 0 Ab Ac Ad S(0)abc vd 3 0 Aa Ab Ac S(0)bdc vd
12 3 (5 Ab) Aa Ab v5 12 3 (5 Aa) v5 12 2 Ab Fab v5 + 2 0 Ab Ac S(0)abc v5 + 1 Ab S(1)ab v5
3 2 A b S(2)ab v5 3 2 A a A b A c S(2)bc v5 2 3 S(3)a v5 2 3 A a A b S(3)b v5 ,
5 va =
(11)
= 5 va + 5ab vb + 5a5 v5
= 5 va + 12 2 (5 ) A b A a vb 2 S(2)ba vb + 2 S(2)ab vb + 12 (5 ) Aa v5 12 (b ) Ac vc gab 12 (b ) v5 gab + 12 (5 gbc) vb gac +
+ 12 2 (5 Ab) Aa vb 12 Fab vb + 1 S(1)ab vb + 3 Aa S(3)b vb + 3 Ab S(3)a vb + 0 Ab S(0)acb vc +
+ 2 2 Ab Aa S(2)cb vc + 2 2 Ab Ac S(2)ab vc + 2 2 Ab S(2)ab v5 + 2 3 S(3)a v5 + 12 2 (5 Ab) Ac vc gab +
+ (5 Ab) v5 gab ,
5 v5 =
(12)
= 5 v5 + 55a va + 555 v5
= 5 v5 + 12 (a ) va 1 + 12 (5 ) v5 1 12 3 (5 ) Aa va 2 3 S(3)a va 12 (5 gab) Aa vb + 12 2 (a ) Ab Aa vb
2 A a S(2)ba vb 2 A a S(2)ab vb + 12 (a ) Aa v5 12 2 (5 ) v5 12 3 (5 Aa) va 2 3 S(3)a va
88
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(13)
+ 2 S5ba (5 vb) u5 u5 + 2 S55a (5 v5) u5 u5 + 4 Sbc5 Sd5a uc ud vb + 4 Sbcd Seda uc ue vb 2 S55a (b u5) u5 vb + 4 Sbcd S5da uc u5 vb +
+ 4 Sbc5 S55a uc u5 vb + 4 Sb5c S5ca u5 u5 vb + 4 Sb55 S55a u5 u5 vb 2 Sb5a ( c u5) ub vc 2 S5ba ( c ub) u5 vc + 4 Sb5a Sc55 ub u5 vc
2 Sbca (d uc) ub vd + 4 Sbca Sd5c ub u5 vd 2 Sbca (5 uc) ub v5 2 Sb5a (5 u5) ub v5 + 4 Sb5a S5c5 ub uc v5 + 4 Sbca S5dc ub ud v5
2 S5ba ( 5 ub) u5 v5 2 S55a ( 5 u5) u5 v5 + 4 S5b5 S55a ub u5 v5 + 4 Sbca S55c ub u5 v5 + 4 Sb5a S555 ub u5 v5 + 4 S5ba S5cb uc u5 v5 +
+ 4 S 5ba S 55b u 5 u 5 v5 + 4 S 55a S 555 u 5 u 5 v5)
= (2 (b v5) Sc5a ub uc + 2 (b vc) Sdca ub ud + 2 (5 v5) Sb5a ub u5 + 2 (b v5) S55a ub u5 + 2 (5 vb) Scba uc u5 + 2 (c vb) S5ba uc u5 +
+ 2 (5 vb) S5ba u5 u5 + 2 (5 v5) S55a u5 u5 + 4 Sbc5 Sd5a uc ud vb + 4 Sbcd Seda uc ue vb 2 (b u5) S55a u5 vb + 4 Sbcd S5da uc u5 vb +
+ 4 Sbc5 S55a uc u5 vb 2 S55a b5c uc u5 vb + 4 Sb5c S5ca u5 u5 vb + 4 Sb55 S55a u5 u5 vb 2 S55a b55 u5 u5 vb +
+ 2 S55a 55b u5 u5 vb 2 (c u5) Sb5a ub vc 2 Sb5a c5d ub ud vc 2 (c ub) S5ba u5 vc + 4 Sb5a Sc55 ub u5 vc + 2 S55a b5c ub u5 vc
2 Sb5a c55 ub u5 vc + 2 Sb5a 55c ub u5 vc 2 S5ba cbd ud u5 vc 2 S5ba cb5 u5 u5 vc + 2 S5ba 5bc u5 u5 vc
2 (d ub) Scba uc vd + 2 Sb5a c5d ub uc vd 2 Sbca dce ub ue vd + 4 Sbca Sd5c ub u5 vd 2 Sbca dc5 ub u5 vd +
+ 2 Sbca 5cd ub u5 vd + 2 S5ba cbd uc u5 vd + 2 Sbca dce ub ud ve 2 (5 u5) Sb5a ub v5 2 (5 ub) Scba uc v5 +
+ 4 Sb5a S5c5 ub uc v5 + 2 Sb5a c55 ub uc v5 2 Sb5a 55c ub uc v5 + 4 Sbca S5dc ub ud v5 + 2 Sbca dc5 ub ud v5
2 Sbca 5cd ub ud v5 2 (5 ub) S5ba u5 v5 2 (5 u5) S55a u5 v5 + 4 S5b5 S55a ub u5 v5 + 4 Sbca S55c ub u5 v5 + 4 Sb5a S555 ub u5 v5 +
+ 2 S55a b55 ub u5 v5 2 S55a 55b ub u5 v5 + 4 S5ba S5cb uc u5 v5 + 2 S5ba cb5 uc u5 v5 2 S5ba 5bc uc u5 v5 +
+ 4 S 5ba S 55b u 5 u 5 v5 + 4 S 55a S 555 u 5 u 5 v5)
= ( ( b v 5 ) c a 5 u b u c ( b v 5 ) 5 a c u b u c ( b v c ) c a d u b u d + ( b v c ) d a c u b u d + ( 5 v 5 ) b a 5 u b u 5 ( b v c ) c a 5 u b u 5
( 5 v 5 ) 5 a b u b u 5 + ( b v c ) 5 a c u b u 5 ( 5 v b ) b a c u c u 5 + ( 5 v b ) c a b u c u 5 ( 5 v b ) b a 5 u 5 u 5 + ( 5 v b ) 5 a b u 5 u 5
( b u 5 ) c a 5 u c v b + ( b u 5 ) 5 a c u c v b + ( b u c ) c a d u d v b ( b u c ) d a c u d v b + ( b u c ) c a 5 u 5 v b ( b u c ) 5 a c u 5 v b
( 5 u 5 ) b a 5 u b v 5 + ( 5 u 5 ) 5 a b u b v 5 + ( 5 u b ) b a c u c v 5 ( 5 u b ) c a b u c v 5 + ( 5 u b ) b a 5 u 5 v 5 ( 5 u b ) 5 a b u 5 v 5 )
= (2 2 (b v5) S(2)ca ub uc 2 0 (b vc) S(0)cda ub ud + 2 2 (5 v5) S(2)ba ub u5 2 2 (b vc) S(2)ca ub u5 2 0 (5 vb) S(0)bca uc u5
2 2 (5 vb) S(2)ba u5 u5 2 2 (b u5) S(2)ca uc vb + 2 0 (b uc) S(0)cda ud vb + 2 2 (b uc) S(2)ca u5 vb 2 2 (5 u5) S(2)ba ub v5 +
+ 2 0 (5 ub) S(0)bca uc v5 + 2 2 (5 ub) S(2)ba u5 v5)
= 0,
F(2)(1)5 F(2)(2)5 =
(14)
+ 2 S5a5 (5 va) u5 u5 + 2 S555 (5 v5) u5 u5 + 4 Sab5 Sc55 ub uc va + 4 Sabc Sdc5 ub ud va 2 S555 (a u5) u5 va + 4 Sabc S5c5 ub u5 va +
+ 4 Sab5 S555 ub u5 va + 4 Sa5b S5b5 u5 u5 va + 4 Sa55 S555 u5 u5 va 2 Sa55 ( b u5) ua vb 2 S5a5 ( b ua) u5 vb + 4 Sa55 Sb55 ua u5 vb
2 Sab5 (c ub) ua vc + 4 Sab5 Sc5b ua u5 vc 2 Sab5 (5 ub) ua v5 2 Sa55 (5 u5) ua v5 + 4 Sa55 S5b5 ua ub v5 + 4 Sab5 S5cb ua uc v5
2 S5a5 ( 5 ua) u5 v5 2 S555 ( 5 u5) u5 v5 + 4 S5ab S5b5 ua u5 v5 + 4 Sab5 S55b ua u5 v5 + 4 Sa55 S555 ua u5 v5 + 4 S5a5 S555 ua u5 v5 +
+ 4 S 5a5 S 55a u 5 u 5 v5 + 4 S 555 S 555 u 5 u 5 v5)
Z-44
89
90
Z-44
= (2 (a v5) Sb55 ua ub + 2 (a vb) Scb5 ua uc + 2 (5 v5) Sa55 ua u5 + 2 (a v5) S555 ua u5 + 2 (5 va) Sba5 ub u5 + 2 (b va) S5a5 ub u5 +
+ 2 (5 va) S5a5 u5 u5 + 2 (5 v5) S555 u5 u5 + 4 Sab5 Sc55 ub uc va + 4 Sabc Sdc5 ub ud va 2 (a u5) S555 u5 va + 4 Sabc S5c5 ub u5 va +
+ 4 Sab5 S555 ub u5 va 2 S555 a5b ub u5 va + 4 Sa5b S5b5 u5 u5 va + 4 Sa55 S555 u5 u5 va 2 S555 a55 u5 u5 va +
+ 2 S555 55a u5 u5 va 2 (b u5) Sa55 ua vb 2 Sa55 b5c ua uc vb 2 (b ua) S5a5 u5 vb + 4 Sa55 Sb55 ua u5 vb + 2 S555 a5b ua u5 vb
2 Sa55 b55 ua u5 vb + 2 Sa55 55b ua u5 vb 2 S5a5 bac uc u5 vb 2 S5a5 ba5 u5 u5 vb + 2 S5a5 5ab u5 u5 vb
2 (c ua) Sba5 ub vc + 2 Sa55 b5c ua ub vc 2 Sab5 cbd ua ud vc + 4 Sab5 Sc5b ua u5 vc 2 Sab5 cb5 ua u5 vc +
+ 2 Sab5 5bc ua u5 vc + 2 S5a5 bac ub u5 vc + 2 Sab5 cbd ua uc vd 2 (5 u5) Sa55 ua v5 2 (5 ua) Sba5 ub v5 + 4 Sa55 S5b5 ua ub v5 +
+ 2 Sa55 b55 ua ub v5 2 Sa55 55b ua ub v5 + 4 Sab5 S5cb ua uc v5 + 2 Sab5 cb5 ua uc v5 2 Sab5 5bc ua uc v5
2 (5 ua) S5a5 u5 v5 2 (5 u5) S555 u5 v5 + 4 S5ab S5b5 ua u5 v5 + 4 Sab5 S55b ua u5 v5 + 4 Sa55 S555 ua u5 v5 + 4 S5a5 S555 ua u5 v5 +
+ 2 S555 a55 ua u5 v5 2 S555 55a ua u5 v5 + 2 S5a5 ba5 ub u5 v5 2 S5a5 5ab ub u5 v5 + 4 S5a5 S55a u5 u5 v5 +
+ 4 S 555 S 555 u 5 u 5 v 5)
= ( ( a v 5 ) b 5 5 u a u b ( a v 5 ) 5 5 b u a u b ( a v b ) b 5 c u a u c + ( a v b ) c 5 b u a u c + ( 5 v 5 ) a 5 5 u a u 5 ( a v b ) b 5 5 u a u 5
( 5 v 5 ) 5 5 a u a u 5 + ( a v b ) 5 5 b u a u 5 ( 5 v a ) a 5 b u b u 5 + ( 5 v a ) b 5 a u b u 5 ( 5 v a ) a 5 5 u 5 u 5 + ( 5 v a ) 5 5 a u 5 u 5
( a u 5 ) b 5 5 u b v a + ( a u 5 ) 5 5 b u b v a + ( a u b ) b 5 c u c v a ( a u b ) c 5 b u c v a + ( a u b ) b 5 5 u 5 v a ( a u b ) 5 5 b u 5 v a
( 5 u 5 ) a 5 5 u a v 5 + ( 5 u 5 ) 5 5 a u a v 5 + ( 5 u a ) a 5 b u b v 5 ( 5 u a ) b 5 a u b v 5 + ( 5 u a ) a 5 5 u 5 v 5 ( 5 u a ) 5 5 a u 5 v 5 )
= (2 3 (a v5) S(3)b ua ub 2 1 (a vb) S(1)bc ua uc + 2 3 (5 v5) S(3)a ua u5 2 3 (a vb) S(3)b ua u5 2 1 (5 va) S(1)ab ub u5
2 3 (5 va) S(3)a u5 u5 2 3 (a u5) S(3)b ub va + 2 1 (a ub) S(1)bc uc va + 2 3 (a ub) S(3)b u5 va 2 3 (5 u5) S(3)a ua v5 +
+ 2 1 (5 ua) S(1)ab ub v5 + 2 3 (5 ua) S(3)a u5 v5)
= 0,
since
( b v a ) u b = ( 5 v a ) u 5 + ( b u a ) v b + ( 5 u a ) v 5
(15)
( a v 5 ) u a = ( 5 v 5 ) u 5 + ( a u 5 ) v a + ( 5 u 5 ) v 5 .
(16)
and
THE END
90
Z-44