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Ch04 HW MS PDF
Ch04 HW MS PDF
1
Sailing
1
The tip-to-tail triangle shown, or the rectangle, or a tip-to-tail triangle forming the lower half
of the rectangle are all correct answers here.
[1]
[1]
FN
= cos(63)
500 N
[1]
FN
= 0.45 so FN = 500 N 0.45 = 230 N (2 sig. figs.)
500 N
[1]
FW
= sin(63) so FW = 500 N sin(63) = 500 N 0.89 = 450 N
500 N
[1]
(Whichever one is done first, the first component correctly calculated gets 2 marks. The repeat
calculation for the second component gets 1 mark. The second component can also be found
by Pythagorass theorem, as (500 N)2 = (FN) 2 + (FW)2.)
b
As the boat moves forwards, the rudder pushes the water to the left.
[1]
The water pushes the rudder, and hence the stern of the boat, to the right.
[1]
(The directions of the force and what pushes what must be clear in each case.)
c
Acceleration is a =
FN 230 N
= 1.8 m s2
=
m 130 kg
[1]
s=
34 m 2 s 2
34 m 2 s 2
= 9.4 m
=
2a
2 1.8 m s 2
[1]
(Give 1 mark for applying appropriate equation of motion, which can also be done by using
v = u + at and then s = ut + 12 at 2 , and 1 mark for the correct answer.)
It will not go this far as the resultant force is less than 230 N due to drag / resistance forces.
[1]
[1]
so the component due to the wind must be equal to the drag on the boat from the water (and
from the air, although that is much less).
[1]
The sideways drag from the water is much greater than the forwards drag/ the boat is more
streamlined in the forwards direction/ the larger sideways area prevent easy movement in that
direction
[1]
[1]
Clockwise moment about boats centre of gravity = anticlockwise moment about that point
FW 1.9 m = FR 0.75 m
450 N 1.9 m = FR 0.75 m, so FR =
[1]
450 N 1.9 m
= 1100 N
0.75 m
[1]
[1]
[1]
which means that the boat speeds up until drag force balances forward force.
[1]
[1]