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MilitaryengineeringvehicleWikipedia

Militaryengineeringvehicle
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Amilitaryengineeringvehicleisavehiclebuiltfortheconstructionwork
orforthetransportationofcombatengineersonthebattlefield.These
vehiclesmaybemodifiedcivilianequipmentorpurposebuiltmilitaryvehicles.

Contents
1 Typesofmilitaryengineeringvehicles
1.1 Civilianandmilitarizedheavyequipment
1.2 Armouredengineeringvehicle
1.3 Armouredearthmover
1.4 Breachingvehicle
1.5 Bridgingvehicles
1.6 Combatengineersectioncarriers
1.7 Militaryferriesandamphibiouscrossingvehicles
2 Tankbasedcombatengineeringvehicles
2.1 Churchilltank
2.2 M4Sherman
2.3 M60
2.4 M1
2.5 Leopard1
2.6 Leopard2
2.7 T55/54
2.8 T64
2.9 T72
3 Seealso
4 Externallinks
5 References

TheEBGcombatengineeringvehicle,
basedontheAMX30tank,isused
bytheengineersoftheFrenchArmy
foravarietyofmissions.

BATMengineeringvehicleofRussia
andtheformerSovietUnion

Typesofmilitaryengineeringvehicles
Civilianandmilitarizedheavyequipment
Militaryengineeringcanemployawidevarietyofheavyequipmentinthesameorsimilarwaystohowthisequipmentis
usedoutsidethemilitary.Bulldozers,cranes,graders,excavators,dumptrucks,loaders,andbackhoesallseeextensive
usebymilitaryengineers.
Militaryengineersmayalsousecivilianheavyequipmentwhichwasmodifiedformilitaryapplications.Typically,this
involvesaddingarmourforprotectionfrombattlefieldhazardssuchasartillery,unexplodedordnance,mines,andsmall
armsfire.Oftenthisprotectionisprovidedbyarmourplatesandsteeljackets.Someexamplesofarmouredcivilian
heavyequipmentaretheIDFCaterpillarD9,AmericanD7TPK,CanadianD6armouredbulldozer,cranes,graders,
excavators,andM3521/2toncargotruck.
Militarizedheavyequipmentmayalsotakeontheformoftraditionalcivilianequipmentdesignedandbuilttounique
militaryspecifications.Thesevehiclestypicallysacrificesomedepthofcapabilityfromcivilianmodelsinordertogain
greaterspeedandindependencefromprimemovers.Examplesofthistypeofvehicleincludehighspeedbackhoessuch
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astheAustralianArmy'sHighMobilityEngineeringVehicle
(HMEV)fromThalesortheCanadianArmy'sMultiPurpose
EngineerVehicle(MPEV)fromArva.
Themainarticleforcivilianheavyequipmentis:Heavy
equipment(construction)

Armouredengineeringvehicle
Typicallybasedontheplatformofamainbattletank,these
IDFCaterpillarD9Rarmoredbulldozerscarryout
vehiclesgobydifferentnamesdependinguponthecountryof
earthworks.Theirheavyarmorisdevelopedand
useormanufacture.IntheUStheterm"combatengineer
manufacturedinIsraeljointlybytheIsraelDefense
vehicle(CEV)"isused,intheUKtheterm"ArmouredVehicle
ForcesandIsraelidefenseindustries.
RoyalEngineers(AVRE)"isused,whileinCanadaandother
commonwealthnationstheterm"armouredengineervehicle
(AEV)"isused.Thereisnosettemplateforwhatsuchavehiclewilllook
like,yetlikelyfeaturesincludealargedozerbladeormineploughs,alarge
calibredemolitioncannon,augers,winches,excavatorarmsandcranesor
liftingbooms.
Thesevehiclesaredesignedtodirectlyconductobstaclebreaching
operationsandtoconductotherearthmovingandengineeringworkonthe
battlefield.
GoodexamplesofthistypeofvehicleincludetheUKTrojanAVRE,the
RussianIMR,andtheUSM728CombatEngineerVehicle.
Itshouldbenotedthatwhiletheterm"armouredengineervehicle"isused
specificallytodescribethesemultipurposetankbasedengineeringvehicles,
thattermisalsousedmoregenericallyinBritishandCommonwealth
militariestodescribeallheavytankbasedengineeringvehiclesusedinthe
supportofmechanizedforces.Thus,"armouredengineervehicle"used
genericallywouldrefertoAEV,AVLB,AssaultBreachers,andsoon.

PiPzDachsAEVoftheGerman
Army(2008)

Armouredearthmover
LighterandlessmultifunctionalthantheCEVsorAEVsdescribedabove,
PolishArmyMIDBizonS
thesevehiclesaredesignedtoconductearthmovingworkonthebattlefield.
Thesevehicleshavegreaterhighspeedmobilitythantraditionalheavy
equipmentandareprotectedagainsttheeffectsofblastandfragmentation.GoodexamplesaretheAmericanM9ACE
andtheUKFV180CombatEngineerTractor.

Breachingvehicle
Thesevehiclesareequippedwithmechanicalorothermeansforthebreachingofmanmadeobstacles.Commontypes
ofbreachingvehiclesincludemechanicalflails,mineploughvehicles,andminerollervehicles.Insomecases,these
vehicleswillalsomountMineclearinglinecharges.Breachingvehiclesmaybeeitherconvertedarmouredfighting
vehiclesorpurposebuiltvehicles.Inlargermilitaries,convertedAFVarelikelytobeusedasassaultbreacherswhile
thebreachedobstacleisstillcoveredbyenemyobservationandfire,andthenpurposebuiltbreachingvehicleswill
createadditionallanesforfollowingforces.
GoodexamplesofbreachingvehiclesincludetheUSMCM1AssaultBreacherVehicle,theUKAardvarkJSFU,and
theSingaporeanTrailblazer.

Bridgingvehicles
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Severaltypesofmilitarybridgingvehicleshavebeendeveloped.An
armouredvehiclelaunchedbridge(AVLB)istypicallyamodifiedtankhull
convertedtocarryabridgeintobattleinordertosupportcrossingditches,
smallwaterways,orothergapobstacles.
Anothertypeofbridgingvehicleisthetrucklaunchedbridge.TheSoviet
TMMbridgingtruckcouldcarryandlauncha10meterbridgethatcouldbe
daisychainedwithotherTMMbridgestocrosslargerobstacles.More
recentdevelopmentshaveseentheconversionofAVLBandtrucklaunched
bridgewithlaunchingsystemsthatcanbemountedoneithertankortruckfor
bridgesthatarecapableofsupportingheavymainbattletanks.[1]

Marineswith2ndCombatEngineer
BattalionlaunchaM58MICLICfrom
anAssaultBreacherVehicle.

Earlierexamplesofbridgingvehiclesincludeatypeinwhichaconvertedtank
hullisthebridge.Onthesevehicles,thehulldeckcomprisesthemainportion
ofthetreadwaywhilerampsextendfromthefrontandrearofthevehicleto
allowothervehiclestoclimboverthebridgingvehicleandcrossobstacles.
AnexampleofthistypeofarmouredbridgingvehiclewastheChurchillArk
usedintheSecondWorldWar.

Combatengineersectioncarriers
AnothertypeofCEVsarearmouredfightingvehicleswhichareusedto
transportsappers(combatengineers)andcanbefittedwithabulldozer's
bladeandotherminebreachingdevices.TheyareoftenusedasAPCs
becauseoftheircarryingabilityandheavyprotection.Theyareusuallyarmed
withmachinegunsandgrenadelaunchersandusuallytrackedtoprovide
enoughtractiveforcetopushbladesandrakes.SomeexamplesaretheU.S.
M113APC,IDFPuma,Nagmachon,Husky,andU.S.M1132ESV(a
Strykervariant).

U.SArmyM104WolverineHeavy
AssaultBridge

Militaryferriesandamphibiouscrossingvehicles
Oneofthemajortasksofmilitaryengineeringiscrossingmajorrivers.
Severalmilitaryengineeringvehicleshavebeendevelopedinvariousnations
toachievethistask.Oneofthemorecommontypesistheamphibiousferry
suchastheM3AmphibiousRig.Thesevehiclesareselfpropelledonland,
theycantransformintorafttypeferrieswheninthewater,andoftenmultiple
vehiclescanconnecttoformlargerraftsorfloatingbridges.Othertypes
ofmilitaryferries,suchastheSovietPlavayushijTransportyor
Srednyj,areabletoloadwhilestillonlandandtransportothervehicles
crosscountryandoverwater.
Inadditiontoamphibiouscrossingvehicles,militaryengineersmayalso
employseveraltypesofboats.Militaryassaultboatsaresmallboats
propelledbyoarsoranoutboardmotorandusedtoferrydismounted
infantryacrosswater.

Tankbasedcombatengineeringvehicles

M1132EngineerSquadVehicle(ESV)
issuedtocombatengineersquadsin
theUSArmyStrykerBrigadeCombat
Teams.

Thisfielddeployableapparatus,knownas
EFA,usedbytheengineersoftheFrench
Army,mayeitherbeusedasabridge
(deployedinaseries),orasaferry

MostCEVsarearmouredfightingvehiclesthatmaybebasedonatankchassisandhavespecialattachmentsinorder
tobreachobstacles.Suchattachmentsmayincludedozerblades,minerollers,cranesetc.Anexampleofanengineering
vehicleofthiskindisabridgelayingtank,whichreplacestheturretwithasegmentedhydraulicbridge.

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TheHobart'sFunniesoftheSecondWorldWarwereawidevarietyof
armouredvehiclesforcombatengineeringtasks.Theywereallocatedtothe
initialbeachheadassaultsbytheBritishandCommonwealthforcesintheD
Daylandings

Churchilltank
TheBritishChurchilltankbecauseofitsgoodcrosscountryperformance
andcapaciousinteriorwithsidehatchesbecamethemostadaptedwith
modifications,thebaseunitbeingtheAVREcarryingalargedemolitiongun.

M4Sherman
Churchill"Bobbin",arolled

Dozer:Thebulldozerbladewasavaluablebattlefieldtoolonthe
roadsurface(likeachespalingmat)
thatcouldbelaidforfollowing
WWIIM4Shermantank.A1943fieldmodificationaddedthe
vehiclestocrossloosesand.The
hydraulicdozerbladefromaCaterpillarD8toaSherman.Thelater
raisedboxesattherearofthevehicle
M1dozerbladewasstandardizedtofitanyShermanwithVVSS
areradiatorextensionstoallowdeep
suspensionandtheM1A1wouldfitthewiderHVSS.SomeM4s
wading
madefortheEngineerCorpshadthebladesfittedpermanentlyandthe
turretsremoved.Intheearlystagesofthe1944BattleofNormandy
beforetheCulinCutter,breakingthroughtheBocagehedgerows
reliedheavilyonShermandozers.
M4Doozit:EngineerCorps'Shermandozerwithdemolitioncharge
onwoodenplatformandT40Whizbangrocketlauncher(theDoozit
didnotseecombatbuttheWhizbangdid).
Bridgelayer:TheUSfieldconvertedafewM4inItalywithA
framesupportedbridgeandheavyrearcounterweighttomakethe
MobileAssaultBridge.BritishdevelopmentsforShermansincluded
thefascine(usedby79thArmouredDivision),Crib,TwabyArk,
M4with105mmhowitzeranda
Octopus,Plymouth(BaileyBridge),andAVRE(SBGbridge).
dozerblade.
MineClearing:BritishconversionsincludedtheShermanCrab.The
USdevelopedanextensivearrayofexperimentaltypes:
T15/E1/E2:SeriesofmineresistantShermansbasedontheT14kit.Cancelledatwar'send.
MineExploderT1E1Roller(Earthworm):Threesetsof6discsmadefromarmorplate.
MineExploderT1E2Roller:Twoforwardunitswith7discsonly.Experimental.
MineExploderT1E3/M1Roller(AuntJemima):Twoforwardunitswithfive10'discs.Mostwidely
usedT1variant,adoptedastheM1.(picture(http://www.ww2incolor.com/gallery/us_army/mine_clearing
_sherman))
MineExploderT1E4Roller:16discs.
MineExploderT1E5Roller:T1E3/M1w/smallerwheels.Experimental.
MineExploderT1E6Roller:T1E3/M1w/serratededgeddiscs.Experimental
MineExploderT2Flail:BritishCrabImineflail.
MineExploderT3Flail:BasedonBritishScorpionflail.Developmentstoppedin1943.
MineExploderT3E1Flail:T3w/longerarmsandsandfilledrotor.Cancelled.
MineExploderT3E2Flail:E1variant,rotorreplacedwithsteeldrumoflargerdiameter.
Developmentterminatedatwar'send.
MineExploderT4:BritishCrabIImineflail.
MineExploderT7:Framewithsmallrollerswithtwodiscseach.Abandoned.
MineExploderT8(JohnnyWalker):Steelplungersonapivotframedesignedtopoundontheground.
Vehiclesteeringwasadverselyaffected.
MineExploderT9:6'Roller.Difficulttomaneuver.
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MineExploderT9E1:Lightenedversion,butprovedunsatisfactorybecauseitfailedtoexplode
allmines.
MineExploderT10:Remotecontrolunitdesignedtobecontrolledbythefollowingtank.Cancelled.
MineExploderT11:Sixforwardfiringmortarstosetoffmines.Experimental.
MineExploderT12:23forwardfiringmortars.Apparentlyeffective,butcancelled.
MineExploderT14:DirectmodificationtoaShermantank,upgradedbellyarmorandreinforced
tracks.Cancelled.
MineExcavatorT4:Ploughdevice.Developedduring1942,butabandoned.
MineExcavatorT5/E1/E2:T4variantw/vshapedplough.E1/E2wasafurtherimprovement.
MineExcavatorT5E3:T5E1/E2riggedtothehydraulicliftmechanismfromtheM1dozerkittocontrol
depth.
MineExcavatorT6:Basedonthevshape/T5,unabletocontroldepth.
MineExcavatorT2/E1/E2:BasedontheT4/T5's,butriggedtothehydraulicliftmechanismfromthe
M1dozerkittocontroldepth.

M60
M60A1AVLBArmoredVehicleLaunchedBridge,60foot(18m)
scissorsbridgeonM60A1chassis.
M60AVLMArmoredVehicleLaunchedMICLIC(MineClearing
LineCharge),modifiedM60AVLBwithupto2MICLICmounted
overtherearofthevehicle.
M60PantherM60modifiedintoaremotelycontrolledmine
clearingtank.Theturretisremovedwiththeturretringsealed,andthe
frontofthevehicleisfittedwithminerollers.
M728CEVM60A1basedCombatEngineerVehiclefittedwitha
foldingAframecraneandwinchattachedtothefrontoftheturret,
andanM135165mmdemolitiongun.CommonlyfittedwiththeD7
bulldozerblade,oramineclearingequipment.
M728A1UpgradedversionoftheM728CEV.

AremotelycontrolledPanther
armoredmineclearingvehicleleadsa
columndownaroadinBosniaand
Herzegovina,May16,1996.

M1
M1GrizzlyCombatMobilityVehicle(CMV)[1](http://www.globalsec
urity.org/military/systems/ground/grizzly.htm)
M1PantherIIRemoteControlledMineClearingVehicle[2](http://w
ww.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ground/panther.htm)
M104WolverineHeavyAssaultBridge[3](http://www.globalsecurity.
org/military/systems/ground/wolverine.htm)
M1AssaultBreacherVehicle(USMC)

Leopard1
Biber(Beaver)armouredvehiclelaunchedbridge
Pionierpanzer1
Pionierpanzer2Dachs(Badger)armouredengineervehicle

GrizzlyCombatMobilityVehicle
(CMV)

Leopard2
Panzerschnellbrcke2(Bridgelayer)
Pionierpanzer3Kodiak
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T55/54
T54DozerT54fittedwithbulldozerbladesforclearingsoil,
obstaclesandsnow.[2]
ALT55BulldozerversionoftheT55withlargeflatplate
superstructure,angularconcavedozerbladeonfrontandprominent
hydraulicramsfordozerblade.[3]
T55hullfittedwithanexcavatorbodyandarmouredcab.[3]
T55MARRSFittedwithaVickersarmouredrecoveryvehiclekit.
Ithasalargeflatplateturretwithslightlychamferedsides,verticalrear
andverychmferedfrontandalargeAframecraneonthefrontofthe
MTU12bridgelayer
turret.Thecranehascylindricalwinchropefeerbetweenlegsof
crane.Adozerbladeisfittedtothehullfront.[3]
MT55orMTU55(TankoviyMostoukladchik)Sovietdesignator
forCzechoslovakianMT55Abridgelayertankwithscissorsbridge.
MTU12(TankoviyMostoukladchik)[4]Bridgelayertankwith12
msinglespanbridgethatcancarry50tonnes.Thesystementered
servicein1955todayonlyaverysmallnumberremainsinservice.
Combatweight:34tonnes.
MTU20(Ob'yekt602)(TankoviyMostoukladchik)[4]The
MTU20consistsofatwintreadwaysuperstructuremountedona
MTU20bridgelayer
modifiedT54tankchassis.Eachtreadwayismadeupofaboxtype
aluminumgirderwithafoldingrampattachedtobothendstosave
spaceinthetravelposition.Becauseofthatthevehiclewiththebridge
onboardisonly11.6mlong,buttheoverallspanlengthis20m.This
isanincreaseofabout62%overthatoftheolderMTU1.Thebridge
islaunchedbythecantilevermethod.Firsttherampsareloweredand
fullyextendedbeforethetreadwaysareforwardwiththefullloadof
thebridgerestingontheforwardsupportplateduringlaunch.The
spanismovedoutoverthelaunchinggirderuntilthefarendreaches
thefarbank.Nextthenearendisloweredontothenearbank.This
methodoflaunchinggivesthebridgelayeralowsilhouettewhich
IMRcombatengineeringvehicle
[3]
makesitlessvulnerabletodetectionanddestruction.
MTU20basedontheT55chassis.[3]
BTS1(BronetankoviyTyagachSredniyMediumArmouredTractor)ThisisbasicallyaturretlessT54A
withastowagebasket.[3][5]
BTS1MimprovedorremanufacturedBTS1.[3]
BTS2(Ob'yekt9)(BronetankoviyTyagachSredniyMediumArmouredTractor)BTS1upgradedwitha
hoistandasmallfoldingcranewithacapacityof3,000kg.ItwasdevelopedontheT54hullin1951series
productionstartedin1955.TheprototypeOb.9hadacommander'scupolawithDShK1938/46machinegun,
buttheproductionmodelhasasquarecommander'shatch,openingtotheright.Combatweight:32tons.Onlya
verysmallnumberremainsinservice.[4]
BTS3(BronetankoviyTyagachSredniyMediumArmouredTractor)JVBT55AinservicewiththeSoviet
Army.[3]
BTS4(BronetankoviyTyagachSredniyMediumArmouredTractor)SimilartoBTS2butwithsnorkel.In
theWestgenerallyknownasT54T.Therearemanydifferentmodels,basedontheT44,T54,T55andT
62.[6][7]
BTS4BDozerbladeequippedarmouredrecoveryvehicleconvertedfromtheearlyoddshapedturret
versionsoftheT54.[3]
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BTS4BMExperimentalversionoftheBTS4Bwiththecapacitytowinchoverthefrontofthe
vehicle.[3]
IMR(Ob'yekt616)(InzhenernayaMashinaRazgrazhdeniya)Combatengineervehicle.It'saT55that
haditsturretreplacedwithahydraulicallyoperated2tcrane.Thecranecanalsobefittedwithasmallbucketor
apairofpincertypegrabsforremovingtreesandotherobstacles.Ahydraulicallyoperateddozerblademounts
tothefrontofthehullitcanbeusedinastraightorVconfigurationonly.TheIMRwasdevelopedin1969and
enteredservicefiveyearslater.[2][3]
SPK12G(SamokhodniyPodyomniyKran)HeavycranemountedonT55chassis.[3]Onlytwowerebuilt.
BMR2(BoyevayaMashinaRazminirovaniya)MineclearingtankbasedonT55chassis.Thisvehiclehas
noturretbutafixedsuperstructure,armedwithanNSVTmachinegun.ItisfittedwithaKMT7mineclearing
setandenteredservicearound1987duringthewarinAfghanistan.[3]
ImprovedversionofBMR2thathasbeenseenfittedwithawidevarietyofminerollerdesigns.[3]

T64
BAT2Fastcombatengineeringvehiclewiththeengine,lowerhulland"smallroadwheels"suspensionoftheT
64.[4](http://www.morozov.com.ua/eng/body/traktors/mttbas.php)The40tontractorsportsaverylarge,all
axisadjustableVshapedhydraulicdozerbladeatthefront,asinglesoilripperspikeattherearanda2ton
craneonthetop.Thecrewcompartmentholds8persons(driver,commander,radiooperatorsplusafiveman
sappersquadfordismountedtasks).ThehighlycapableBAT2wasdesignedtoreplacetheoldT54/ATT
basedBATM,butWarsawPactalliesreceivedonlysmallnumbersduetoitshighpriceandtheoldandnew
vehiclesservedalongsideduringar.

T72
IMR2(InzhenernayaMashinaRazgrashdeniya)Combatengineeringvehicle(CEV).Ithasatelescoping
cranearmwhichcanliftbetween5and11metrictonsandutilizesapincersforuprootingtrees.Pivotedatthe
frontofthevehicleisadozerbladethatcanbeusedinaVconfigurationorasastraightdozerblade.Whennot
requireditisraisedclearoftheground.[3]Onthevehicle'srear,amineclearingsystemismounted.
IMR2M1Simplifiedmodelwithoutthemineclearingsystem.Enteredservicein1987.
IMR2M2Improvedversionthatisbettersuitedforoperationsindangeroussituations,forexamplein
contaminatedareas.Itenteredservicein1990andhasamodifiedcranearmwithbucketinsteadoffthe
pincers.
IMR2MALatestversionwithbiggeroperator'scabinarmedwitha12.7mmmachinegunNSV.
Klin1RemotecontrolledIMR2.[3]
MTU72(Ob'yekt632)(TankovyjMostoukladchik)bridgelayerbasedonT72chassis.Theoveralllayout
andoperatingmethodofthesystemaresimilartothoseoftheMTU20andMTUbridgelayers.Thebridge,
whenlaid,hasanoveralllengthof20meters.Thebridgehasamaximumcapacityof50,000kg,is3.3meters
wide,andcanspanagapof18m.Byitself,thebridgeweighs6400kg.Thetimerequiredtolaythebridgeis3
minutes,and8minutesforretrieval.[3]
BLP72(Brckenlegepanzer)TheEastGermanarmyhadplanstodevelopanewbridgelayertankthat
shouldhavebeenreadyforseriesproductionfrom1987butafterseveraldifficultiestheprojectwascanceled.[8]

Seealso
Militaryengineering
Combatengineer
AM50automaticallylaunchedassaultbridge
Armoredbulldozer
Armouredrecoveryvehicle
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ArmouredVehicleRoyalEngineers
Hobart'sfunnies
Sapper
Bulldozer
CaterpillarD9
Terrierarmouredcombatengineervehicle

Externallinks

WikimediaCommonshas
mediarelatedtoMilitary
engineeringvehicles.

CombatEngineeringVehicles'picturesfromaroundtheworld(http://w
ww.militaryphotos.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=4663)
(www.militaryphotos.netforums)
AustralianProvincialReconstructionTeamAfghanistan(http://www.defence.gov.au/opslipper/images/gallery/20
070309/index.htm)
KodiakArmouredEngineerVehicle(http://www.armytechnology.com/projects/kodiakvehicle/)

References
1."TheLEGUANSystem".armedforcesint.com.
Retrieved11April2015.
2."T54/T55MainBattleTank".inetres.com.Retrieved
11April2015.
3."JEDTheMilitaryEquipmentDirectory"(http://www.j
edsite.info/tankstango/tangonumberssu/t62_series/t
62series.html)(registrationrequired)
4.Karpenko,A.V.ObozreniyeBronetankovojTekhniki
(19051995gg.)BastionNevskij45556
5.softland.com.pl(http://softland.com.pl/aerojac/aaa/wzt

5.softland.com.pl(http://softland.com.pl/aerojac/aaa/wzt
1/wzt1.htm)
6.Karpenko,A.V.ObozreniyeBronetankovojTekhniki
(19051995gg.)BastionNevskij46162
7.Administrator."T55[ZSRR]Pancerni.net".abajt.pl.
Retrieved11April2015.
8."BLP72".militaertechnikdernva.de.Retrieved
11April2015.

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