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  • Varicella: Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals

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    Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It occurs worldwide and typically affects nearly everyone by adulthood in the absence of vaccination programs. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact and causes a characteristic itchy rash. While usually mild and self-limiting, varicella can lead to potentially fatal complications in infants and those with weak immune systems. After the initial infection, the virus can remain dormant and reactivate later in life to cause shingles. Varicella vaccination can prevent the disease and has been available since 1974.

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    Varicella Vaccine

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    Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It occurs worldwide and typically affects nearly everyone by adulthood in the absence of vaccination programs. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact and causes a characteristic itchy rash. While usually mild and self-limiting, varicella can lead to potentially fatal complications in infants and those with weak immune systems. After the initial infection, the virus can remain dormant and reactivate later in life to cause shingles. Varicella vaccination can prevent the disease and has been available since 1974.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    3 views1 page

    Varicella: Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals

    Uploaded by

    Rozak
    Varicella, commonly known as chickenpox, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It occurs worldwide and typically affects nearly everyone by adulthood in the absence of vaccination programs. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact and causes a characteristic itchy rash. While usually mild and self-limiting, varicella can lead to potentially fatal complications in infants and those with weak immune systems. After the initial infection, the virus can remain dormant and reactivate later in life to cause shingles. Varicella vaccination can prevent the disease and has been available since 1974.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1/15/2017

    WHO|Varicella

    Immunization,VaccinesandBiologicals
    Varicella
    Varicella,alsocommonlyreferredtoaschickenpox,isanacuteand
    highlycontagiousdisease.Itiscausedbyprimaryinfectionwiththe
    varicellazostervirus(VZV).Varicellaoccursworldwideandinthe
    absenceofavaccinationprogramme,affectsnearlyeverypersonby
    midadulthood.Theepidemiologyofthediseasediffersbetween
    temperateandtropicalclimates.Thereasonsforthedifferencesare
    poorlyunderstoodandmayrelatetopropertiesofVZV(knowntobe
    sensitivetoheat),climate,populationdensityandriskofexposure
    (e.g.,attendanceatchildcarefacilityorschoolorthenumberof
    siblingsinthehousehold).
    VZVishighlytransmissibleviarespiratorydropletsordirectcontact
    withcharacteristicskinlesionsoftheinfectedperson.Thefirst
    symptomsofclinicalvaricellagenerallyappearaftera1021day
    incubationperiodandincludefever,malaiseandthecharacteristicitchy
    rash.Varicellaisgenerallyselflimitedandvesiclesgraduallydevelop
    crusts,whichdisappearoveraperiodof710days.Individualsremain
    contagiousuntilalllesionshavecrustedover.Thediseaseistypically
    mild,butseverecomplicationsmayarise,includingbacterialinfections
    (e.g.cellulitis,pneumonia)andneurologicalcomplications(e.g.
    encephalitis),andthesecanbefatal.Diseaseisassociatedwithhigher
    morbidityandmortalityininfantsandinindividualswithanimpaired
    immunesystem.

    Highlights

    Ebolaoutbreak
    Guidanceforimmunization
    programmesintheAfricanRegion
    inthecontextofEbola

    21December2016
    Requestforproposalsfor
    redesignofEVMassessment
    toolandwebsite
    pdf,1.17Mb
    Deadlineforapplication:29January
    2017

    21December2016
    GINDecember2016
    pdf,1.93Mb
    Highlightsarchive
    GlobalImmunizationNews(GIN)
    archive

    ContactUs

    Followinginfection,thevirusremainslatentinnervecellsandmaybe
    reactivatedcausingasecondaryinfectionherpeszoster,commonly
    referredtoasshingles.Thisgenerallyoccursinadultsaged>50
    yearsorintheimmunocompromisedandisassociatedwithapainful
    rashthatmayresultinpermanentnervedamage.
    Varicellacanbepreventedbyimmunizationandmultiplevaccine
    formulationsoftheliveattenuatedvaccine,basedontheOkaVZV
    strain,havebeenavailablesince1974.Varicellavaccinesareavailable
    asasingleantigenandincombinationwithmeasles,mumpsand
    rubellavaccine.

    WHOPositionPapers
    Varicellapositionpaper
    pdf,889kb
    Additionalmaterialinrelationwiththepositionpaper

    Vaccinesafety
    Varicellavaccinesafetyinformationsheet
    pdf,312kb

    Immunologicalbasisofvaccination
    ImmunologicalBasisofImmunization,Module10:Varicella
    http://www.who.int/immunization/diseases/varicella/en/

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