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Understanding Motor Temperature Rise Limits PDF
Understanding Motor Temperature Rise Limits PDF
com
November 2003
EASA
MEMBER
BENEFIT
in MG1-12.43, and
shown in Table 1. The
temperature rise values
are in degrees Celsius
( C) and are based on a
maximum ambient of
40 C. In the most common speed ratings the
NEMA designation of
medium motors includes horsepower
ratings from 1/2 horsepower (hp) (0.37 kW) up to
500 hp (370 kW) for 2 and 4 poles, and up to 350
hp (260 kW) for 6 poles.
Temperature rise limits for large motors, those
above medium motor ratings, differ based on the
service factor. Table 2 is taken from MG1-20.8.1
and lists the temperature rise for motors with a 1.0
service factor (SF) and Table 3, taken from MG120.8.2, applies to motors with 1.15 SF.
Measuring Resistance
The resistance method is useful for motors that
do not have embedded detectors such as thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs).
Note that temperature rise limits (Table 1) for meOther Factors To Consider
dium motors are based on resistance. The
However, there are other factors that NEMA
temperatures of large motors can be measured by
uses in establishing temperature rise for motors.
resistance or by embedded detectors. Resistance
Therefore, our estimate is not precise and not applitesting is performed by measuring the lead-to-lead
cable to motor windings. The other factors are
resistance of line leads of the winding. An initial
primarily allowances for hot spot temperatures.
test is done with the motor cold, i.e., room (amThat is, a safety factor is built in to the rating to acbient) temperature. Verify that the motor is at room
count for parts of the winding that may be hotter
temperature by checking the winding temperature
than the location at which temperature is measured.
directly if possible.
Temperature rise limits for medium motors are
Alternative checks that are
Table 1: Temperature rise by resistance method for medium
not as precise would be checking the temperature of the
induction motors.
stator core or the external
frame. The motor winding hot
Medium Induction Motors
Insulation Class and
resistance is tested after the
Temperature Rise C
winding temperature stabilizes
with the motor operating at
Motor Type
A
B
F
H
rated load and the change in
resistance is used to determine
1 Motors with 1.0 service factor (SF)
the hot temperature. (Note: It
other than those in 3 or 4.
60
80
105
125
may take as long as 8 hours at
2 All motors with 1.15 or higher SF
70
90
115
--rated load for the winding tem3 Totally-enclosed nonventilated
perature to stabilize.) The
motors with 1.0 SF
65
85
110
130
ambient temperature is subtracted from the hot winding
4 Motors with encapsulated windings
temperature to determine the
and with 1.0 SF, all enclosures
65
85
110
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Continued on Page 4
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EASA CURRENTS
Method of
determination
Resistance
60
80
105
125
Embedded
detector
70
90
115
140
Embedded
detector
65
85
110
135
Embedded
detector
60
80
105
125
Table 3: Temperature rise for large motors with 1.15 service factor.
Large Motors with a 1.15 Service Factor at Service
Factor Load
Motor Rating
Method of
determination
Resistance
70
90
115
135
Embedded
detector
80
100
125
150
Embedded
detector
75
95
120
145
Embedded
detector
70
Embedded
Detectors Monitor
Temperature
Motors equipped with temperature detectors
embedded in the windings are monitored by directly reading the output of the detectors with
appropriate instrumentation. Typically, the motor
control center has panel meters indicating the
temperatures sensed by the detectors. If the detectors are in the windings but not connected to the
controls, a hand held temperature meter can sense
the output of the detector leads. The output temperature displayed is the hot winding temperature
at the location of the sensor. If the detector read
129 C as in the example above, the same temperature concerns would apply. From a practical
perspective, it is easier to measure a detector output rather than the winding lead-to-lead
resistance. Further, the detector resistance can be
measured when the motor is operating. That cant
be done with the lead-to-lead resistance test.
What if we want to determine the winding
90
115
135
Continued on Page 3
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November 2003