GRE (96.

4)

9604

(A) antipathy
SECTION 1

(B) misanthropy

Time 30 minutes

(C) virtuosity

38 Questions

(D) equanimity
(E) prodigality

1.While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden

changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it

6. If the state government's latest budget problems

is possible that nature, like some master musician,

were ----, it would not be useful to employ them as

---- on occasion, departing from the expected or

----examples in the effort to avoid the inevitable

predictable.

effects of shortsighted fiscal planning in the future.

(A) repeats

(A) typical.. representative

(B) improvises

(B) exceptional.. aberrant

(C) ornaments

(C) anomalous.. illuminating

(D) corrects

(D) predictable.. helpful

(E) harmonizes

(E) solvable.. insignificant

2. Despite the ---- of time, space, and history, human

7. Just as some writers have ---- the capacity of

societies the world over have confronted the same

language to express meaning, Giacometti ---- the

existential problems and have come to remarkably

failure of art to convey reality.

---- solutions, differing only in superficial details.

(A) scoffed at .. abjured

(A) continuity.. identical

(B) demonstrated.. exemplified

(B) uniformity.. diverse

(C) denied.. refuted

(C) actualities.. varied

(D) proclaimed.. affirmed

(D) contingencies.. similar

(E) despaired of .. bewailed

(E) exigencies.. unique

8. WALLET: MONEY::
3. Although he was known to be extremely ---- in his

(A) bank: vault

public behavior, scholars have discovered that his

(B) suitcase: clothing

diaries were written with uncommon ----.

(C) checkbook: balance

(A) reserved.. frankness

(D) wealth: prestige

(B) polite.. tenderness

(E) envelope: stamp

(C) modest.. lucidity

(D) reticent.. vagueness

9. INSTRUMENTALIST: SYMPHONY::

(E) withdrawn.. subtlety

(A) author: drama

(B) photographer: cinema

4. With the ---- of scientific knowledge, work on

(C) composer: concerto

the new edition of a textbook begins soon after

(D) artist: painting

completion of the original.

(E) dancer: ballet

(A) limitation
(B) culmination

10. PLATEAU: CHANGE:

(C) veneration

(A) respite: activity

(D) certainty

(B) asylum: security

(E) burgeoning

(C) terminus: journey

(D) interval: time

5. She is most frugal in matters of business, but in her

(E) lull: rest

private life she reveals a streak of ----.

130

GRE (96.4)

11. ISTHMUS: LAND::

(A) peninsula: island
(B) canal: river

For many years, Benjamin Quarles' seminal

(C) stratosphere: air

account of the participation of African Americans in the

(D) strait: water

American Revolution has remained the standard work

(E) tunnel: mountain

in the field. According to Quarles, the outcome of this

conflict was mixed for African American slaves who

12. EMBARGO: COMMERCE::

enlisted in Britain's fight against its rebellious

(A) abstention: election

American colonies in return for the promise of freedom:

(B) strike: lockout

the British treacherously resold many into slavery in the

(C) boycott: development

West Indies, while others obtained freedom in Canada

(D) quarantine: contact

and Africa. Building on Quarles' analysis of the latter

(E) blockade: port

group, Sylvia Frey studied the former slaves who

emigrated to British colonies in Canada. According to

13. DILATORY: PROCRASTINATE::

Frey, these refugees-the most successful of the African

(A) recalcitrant: comply

American Revolutionary War participants-viewed

(B) malcontent: complain

themselves as the ideological heirs of the American

(C) ambivalent: decide

Revolution. Frey sees this inheritances reflected in their

(D) inept: modify

demands for the same rights that the American

(E) credulous: learn

revolutionaries had demanded from the British: land

ownership, limits to arbitrary authority and burdensome

14. NOMINAL: SIGNIFICANCE::

taxes, and freedom of religion.

(A) titular: honor

(B) ephemeral: brevity

17.According to the passage, which of the following

(C) divisible: continuity

is true about the African American Revolutionary

(D) anomalous: distinction

War participants who settled in Canada after the

(E) disjunctive: unity

American Revolution?
(A) Although they were politically unaligned with

15. PLAGIARISM: IDEAS::

either side, they identified more with British

(A) libel: words

ideology than with American ideology.

(B) forgery: documents

(B) While they were not immediately betrayed by

(C) arson: buildings

the British, they ultimately suffered the same

(D) kidnapping: ransom

fate as did African American Revolutionary.

(E) rustling: cattle

War participants who were resold into slavery

in the West Indies.

16. POLITIC: OFFEND::

(C) They settled in Canada rather than in Africa

(A) distressing: terrify

because of the greater religious freedom

(B) aloof: associate

available in Canada.

(C) misunderstood: surmise

(D) They were more politically active than were

(D) vacuous: deplete

African American Revolutionary War participants

(E) trivial: bore

who settled in Africa.

(E) They were more successful than were African
American Revolutionary War participants who
settled Africa.
18.Which of the following is most analogous to the
131

GRE (96.4)

relationship between the African American

(B) The British largely ignored their Canadian

Revolutionary War participants who settled in

colonies.

Canada after the American Revolution and the

(C) The British encouraged the colonization of Canada

American revolutionaries, as that relationship is

by those African Americans who had served on

described in the passage?

the American side as well as by those who had

(A) A brilliant pupil of a great musician rebels

served on the British side.

against the teacher, but adopts the teacher's

(D) Some of Britain's policies in its Canadian colonies

musical style after the teacher's unexpected

were similar to its policies in its American colo-

death.

nies before the American Revolution.

(B) Two warring rulers finally make peace after a

(E) To reduce the debt incurred during the war, the

lifetime of strife when they realize that they

British imposed even higher taxes on the Cana-

have been duped by a common enemy.

dian colonists than they had on the American

(C) A child who has sided with a domineering

colonists.

parent against a defiant sibling later makes

demands of the parent similar to those once

Over the years, biologists have suggested two main

made by the sibling.

pathways by which sexual selection may have shaped the

(D) A writer spends much of her life popularizing

evolution of male birdsong. In the first, male competition

the work of her mentor, only to discover late in

and intrasexual selection produce relatively short, simple

life that much of the older writer's work is

songs used mainly in territorial behavior. In the second,

plagiarized from the writings of a foreign

female choice and intersexual selection produce longer,

contemporary.

more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction;

(E) Two research scientists spend much of their

like such visual ornamentation as the peacock's tail, elabo-

careers working together toward a common

rate vocal characteristics increase the male's chances of

goal, but later quarrel over which of them should

being chosen as a mate, and he thus enjoys more repro-

receive credit for the training of a promising

ductive success than his less ostentatious rivals. The two

student.

pathways are not mutually exclusive, and we can expect to

find examples that reflect their interaction. Teasing them

19. The author of the passage suggests that which of the

apart has been an important challenge to evolutionary biol-

following is true of Benjamin Quarles' work?

ogists.

(A) It introduced a new and untried research method-

Early research confirmed the role of intrasexual selection.

ology.

In a variety of experiments in the field, males responded

(B) It contained theories so controversial that they

aggressively to recorded songs by exhibiting territorial

gave rise to an entire generation of scholarship

behavior near the speakers. The breakthrough for research

(C) It was a pioneering work that has not yet been

into intersexual selection came in the development of a new

displaced by subsequent scholarship.

technique for investigating female response in the labor-

(D) It launched the career of a scholar who later wrote

atory. When female cowbirds raised in isolation in sound-

even more important works.

proof chambers were exposed to recordings of male song,

(E) At the time it appeared, its author already enjoyed

they responded by exhibiting mating behavior. By quanti-

a well-established reputation in the field.

fying the responses, researchers were able to determine

what particular features of the song were most important.

20.Which of the following can be inferred from the

In further experiments on song sparrows, researchers found

passage concerning Britain's rule in its Canadian

that when exposed to a single song type repeated several

colonies after the American Revolution?

times or to a repertoire of different song types, females

(A) Humiliated by their defeat by the Americans, the

responded more to the latter. The beauty of the experi-

British sharply curtailed civil rights in their Canadian

mental design is that it effectively rules out confounding

colonies.

variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can

132

GRE (96.4)

respond only to the song structure itself.

pathways

If intersexual selection operates as theorized, males with

that shaped the evolution of birdsong

more complicated songs should not only attract females

(C) draw a distinction between competing theories of

more readily but should also enjoy greater reproductive

intersexual selection

success. At first, however, researchers doing fieldwork with

(D) give an example of a feature that may have

song sparrows found no correlation between larger reper-

evolved through intersexual selection by female

toires and early mating, which has been shown to be one

choice

indicator of reproductive success; further, common measures

(E) refute a commonly held assumption about the

of male quality used to predict reproductive success, such

role

as weight, size, age, and territory, also failed to correlate

of song in mate attraction

with song complexity.

The confirmation researchers had been seeking was

23.According to the passage, which of the

finally achieved in studies involving two varieties of war-

following is

blers. Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its

specifically related to intrasexual selection?

several song types in bouts before switching to another, the

(A) Female choice

warbler continuously composes much longer and more vari-

(B) Territorial behavior

able songs without repetition. For the first time, researchers

(C) Complex song types

found a significant correlation between repertoire size and

(D) Large song repertoires

early mating, and they discovered further that repertoire

(E) Visual ornamentation

size had a more significant effect than any other measure

of male quality on the number of young produced. The evi-

24.Which of the following, if true, would most clearly

dence suggests that warblers use their extremely elaborate

demonstrate the interaction mentioned in lines 11-13?

songs primarily to attract females, clearly confirming the

(A) Female larks respond similarly both to short,

effect of intersexual selection on the evolution of birdsong.

simple songs and to longer, more complicated

songs.

21. The passage is primarily concerned with

(B) Male canaries use visual ornamentation as well as

(A) showing that intrasexual selection has a greater

elaborate song repertoires for mate attraction.

effect on birdsong than does intersexual selection

(C) Both male and female blackbirds develop elabo-

(B) contrasting the role of song complexity in several

rate visual and vocal characteristics.

species of birds

(D) Male jays use songs to compete among themselves

(C) describing research confirming the suspected rela-

and to attract females.

tionship between intersexual selection and the

(E) Male robins with elaborate visual ornamentation

complexity of birdsong

have as much reproductive success as rivals with

(D) demonstrating the superiority of laboratory work

elaborate vocal characteristics.

over field studies in evolutionary biology

(E) illustrating the effectiveness of a particular

25. The passage indicates that researchers raised

approach to experimental design in evolutionary

female

biology

cowbirds in acoustic isolation in order to

(A) eliminate confounding variables

22.The author mentions the peacock's tail in line 8

(B) approximate field conditions

most

(C) measure reproductive success

probably in order to

(D) quantify repertoire complexity

(A) cite an exception to the theory of the relationship

(E) prevent early mating

between intrasexual selection and male competition

26. According to the passage, the song sparrow is unlike

(B) illustrate the importance of both of the

the warbler in that the song sparrow

133

GRE (96.4)

(A) uses songs mainly in territorial behavior

(C) observe closely

(B) continuously composes long and complex songs

(D) consider carefully

(C) has a much larger song repertoire

(E) appraise critically

(D) repeats one song type before switching to another

(E) responds aggressively to recorded songs

32. RECONSTITUTE:
(A) detail

27.The passage suggests that the song sparrow experiments

(B) invent

mentioned in lines 37-43 failed to confirm the role

(C) spoil

of intersexnal selection because

(D) conform

(A) females were allowed to respond only to the

(E) dehydrate

song structure
(B) song sparrows are unlike other species of birds

33. REPUTE:

(C) the experiments provided no evidence that

(A) lack of caution

elaborate songs increased male reproductive

(B) lack of knowledge

success

(C) lack of emotion

(D) the experiments included the songs of only a

(D) lack of generosity

small

(E) lack of distinction

number of different song sparrows

(E) the experiments duplicated some of the

34. TAME:

limitations

(A) resolute

of previous field studies

(B) ruinous
(C) racy

28. STRINGENT:

(D) erratic

(A) lax

(E) experienced

(B) elusive
(C) impartial

35. INDURATE:

(D) evident

(A) soften

(E) vast

(B) puncture
(C) denude

29. INTERIM:

(D) immure

(A) obscure

(E) exchange

(B) permanent
(C) prudent

36. PROLIXITY:

(D) resolute

(A) succinctness

(E) secure

(B) profundity
(C) persuasiveness

30. SCATHING:

(D) complacency

(A) easily understood

(E) cleverness

(B) politely cooperative

(C) intentionally involuted

37. CALLOW:

(D) calmly complimentary

(A) displaying keen intelligence

(E) strongly partisan

(B) behaving with adult sophistication

(C) reacting cheerfully

31. CAPITULATE:

(D) showing foresight

(A) enjoin

(E) deciding quickly

(B) resist
134

GRE (96.4)

38. FRIABLE:
(A) not easily crumbled
(B) not easily torn
(C) not easily melted
(D) not easily eroded
(E) not easily punctured

135

GRE (96.4)

SECTION 3
Time 30 minutes
30 Questions

1
0.82

1.

1
0.81

2. The number of miles

10,000

a 2 b2

10. The area of square

the rocket travels in

region TUVW

2 hours

11. The median of the positive integers l, m, n, r, and s is

10, where l < m < n < r < s.

x 4 y 20

s
2

x y 1

3.

4.

2 (2

10

(2 2 ) 3

0 < n <1
5.

4
n3

6. 2

O is the center of both circles.

2 2

12. The area of the

The area of the

circular region

shaded sector ROQ

with radius OP
4 x 4
8 y 4

13. The greatest possible

7.

r+v

200

value of 25x 12.5y

s+t

A grocer buys apples at the regular price of 38

cents per pound.
The additional amount

p, q, r, and s are the coordinates of

the grocer on a pur-

paid by the grocer on a

the points indicated on the number line.

chase of 100 pounds

purchase of 100 pounds

8. The amount saved by

of apples if the price

per pound is x cents

per pound is x cents

less than the regular

more han the regular

price
9.

2x y

rs

pq

14.

of apples if the price

x0
x

15.

price

x y
16. If 3x + 9y = 7x + y. then 8y=
(A) 4x
(B) 6x
136

GRE (96.4)

(C) 8x

were derived by subtracting 1/3 of the number of

(D) 10x

wrong answers from the number of right answers. On

(E) 12x

a 40-question test, if none of the questions was

omitted and the score reported was 20, how many

17. If the number of microbes in a test tube increases by

wrong answers were there?

25 percent per day, how many microbes are there in

(A) 5

the test tube at the end of a given day if the number of

(B) 10

microbes at the end of the next day is 240,000 ?

(C) 15

(A) 180,000

(D) 25

(B) 192,000

(E) 30

(C) 210,000
(D) 288,000
(E) 300,000
18. The average (arithmetic mean) of five numbers is 88.
Four of the numbers are 92, 89, 91.....84. What is
the fifth number?
(A) 82
(B) 84

20. In the figure above, a 2b =

(C) 86

(A)-10

(D) 89

(B)-8

(E) 92

(C) 0
(D) 8

19. The scores reported for a certain multiple-choice test

(E) 10

21. Which program resulted in an increase in energy use

(C) Program P

instead of a decrease as projected?

(D) Program Q

(A) Program G

(E) Program T

(B) Program J
(C) Program K

23. How many of the programs resulted in greater energy

(D) Program M

savings than were projected?

(E) Program R

(A) One
(B) Three

22. For which Program were actual energy savings a

(C) Four

closest to 3/4 of the projected savings?

(D) Five

(A) Program G

(E) Eight

(B) Program H
137

GRE (96.4)

24. For which program was the ratio of actual energy

savings to projected energy savings closest to 1?
(A) Program G
(B) Program K
(C) Program M
(D) Program P
(E) It cannot be determined from the information
given.
29. The figure above shows a rectangular play area in
25. Actual energy savings for Program G were

which one child stands at B while another child runs

approximately what fraction of actual energy savings

back and forth along the entire side AD. If the running

for Program T ?

child is in a position randomly located along side AD

(A) 1/5

at a given time, what is the probability that the two

(B) 1/4

children are at most 50 feet apart at that time?

consecutive odd integers beginning with 5, then y-x

1
5
2
(B)
5
3
(C)
5
4
(D)
5

equals

(E) 1

(C) 3/5

(A)

(D) 5/3
(E) It cannot be determined from the information
given
26. If x is the sum of seven consecutive odd integers
beginning with 3 and y is the sum of seven

(A) 2
(B) 7
(C) 8

30. On a highway there is an electric pole every 96 feel. If

(D) 12

the poles am numbered consecutively, what is the

(E) 14

number of the pole 2 miles past pole number 56 ? (1

mile = 5,280 feet)
(A) 109

5 1 5 5
27. If
5 y , what is the value of y?
4
5

(B) 110
(C) 152

(A) 0

(D) 165

(B) 1

(E) 166

(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4
28. In a rectangular coordinate system, the set of all points
(x, y) such that -2< x < 2 and -2 < y < 2 comprises
(A) two perpendicular line segments
(B) two parallel line segments
(C) a circular region
(D) a triangular region
(E) a square region
138

GRE (96.4)

SECTION 4
Time 30 minutes
30 Questions

1.

9
13

90
130

9. The area of triangular

region ABC

region ABC

x 10 y
2.

x 10

x 2 (2 5 ) 2 6 2

y 10
10.

3. 10 percent of 25 percent
of $69.97

The area of triangular

|x|

35 percent of
x y2
1 cy

$69.97
a 1

11.

xc

b2
c3

Cylindrical tank X has radius 4 meters and height

a 2 b2
c2

4.

3 meters. Cylindrical tank Y has radius 3 meters

1
3

and height 4 meters.

12. The volume of tank X

The volume of tank Y

x
4

y
6
13.

y-x

1
O is the center of the circle.

5.

50

PQ < OP
14.

6.

26 10

15.The mean of the

45 scores
7. The area of rectangular

60

84

The median of
the 45 scores

16. If the temperature of a compound increases at a

region ABCD

constant rate of 15 degrees per minute, how many

M(r, s, t) denotes the average (arithmetic mean) of

minutes does it take for the temperature of the

r, s, and t, and M(x, y) denotes the average of x

compound to increase from 60 degrees to 300 degrees?

and y.

(A) 12

8. M(70, 80, 90)

(B) 16

M(x, 90)

(C) 20

where

(D) 24

x =M(70,80)

(E) 30
139

GRE (96.4)

12
17. If

r
7
s

2,

which of the following must be true?

(A) r = 0
(B) r = 6
(C) r = s
(D) r = 2s
(E) r = 3s
18. If the edges of a 3-inch by 4-inch rectangular
photograph were each lengthened by 50 percent, what
would be the area. in square inches, of the enlarged
rectangular photograph?

21. For the year after 1940 in which box office receipts

(A)18

were less than they were ten years before, what was

(B)20

the average admission charge?

(C)24

(A)$0.53

(D)27

(B)$0.69

(E)30

(C)$1.55
(D)$2.69

19. If

x
1
2 and
3, then y=
y
x

(E)$4.75

(A)1/6

22. Which of the following is closest to the ratio of the

(B)2/3

average admission charge in 1950 to that in 1990?

1
1/18/2017
2
1
(B)
4
1
(C)
2
1
(D)
9
1
(E)
15

(C)1

(A)

(D)3/2
(E)6
20. Three pumps, X, Y, and Z. removed water from a tank.
Pump X removed 550 gallons, pump Y removed 1,250
gallons, and pump Z removed 1/3 of the total number
of gallons removed by the three pumps combined.
How many gallons of water did pump Z remove from
the tank?
(A) 450
(B) 600

23. Approximately how many admissions were paid in

(C) 900

1940 ?

(D) 1,800

(A)300,000

(E) 2,700

(B)1,800,000
(C)3,000,000
(D)177,000,000
(E)3,000,000,000

140

GRE (96.4)

(A) 8
(B) 8 2
(C) 16
(D) 16 2
(E) 32 2
28. How many 3-digit integers, greater than 100. are
there in which the sum of the digits equals 3?
(A) Three
24. What was the percent decrease in the number of farms

(B) Four

from 1970 to 1990 ?

(C) Six

(A) 9%

(D) Nine

(B) 21%

(E) Twelve

(C) 30%
(D) 70%
(E) 90%
25. The average acreage per farm was approximately 140
in 1910 and 220 in 1950. The ratio of the total
farmland acreage in 1910 to the total in 1950 was most

29. An equilateral triangle with perimeter p, a square and

nearly
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

a semicircle were joined to form the figure shown

3
4
2
3
3
5
1
2
2
5

above. What is the perimeter of this figure?

(A) 3p

p
p
2

p
(C) 7 p
2
(B)

(D)
(E)

26. A research scientist wants to study a certain attribute

p p
3
3
4

30. If x is 11

of dogs. It is estimated that approximately 5 percent of

1
percent more than y, then y is what
9

all dogs have this attribute. If the scientist wants to

percent less than x?

study a sample of N dogs having the attribute,

(A) 9%

approximately how many dogs should be screened in

(B) 10%

(C) 2ON

1
9
1
(D) 12 %
2

(D) 105N.

(E) 15%

order to obtain the desired sample size?

(C) 11 %

(A) N/5
(B) 5N

(E) 120N
27. A square is inscribed in a circle. If the circle has radius
4. what is the perimeter of the square ?
141

GRE (96.4)

SECTION 5

ager's face ----her denial that she had known

Time 30 minutes

about the practical joke before it was played on her

38 Questions

parents.
(A) belied

1. In spite of the fact that it is convenient to divide the

(B) illustrated

life span of animals into separate stages such as pre-

(C) reinforced

natal, adolescent, and senescent, these periods are not

(D) exacerbated

really----.

(E) trivialized

(A) advanced
(B) variable

6. Far from undermining the impression of permanent

(C) repeatable

decline, the ---- statue seemed emblematic of its

(D) connected

---- surroundings.

(E) distinct

(A) indecorous.. opulent

(B) grandiose.. ramshackle

2. Although the number of reported volcanic eruptions

(C) pretentious.. simple

has risen exponentially since 1850, this indicates not

(D) ungainly.. elegant

---- volcanic activity but rather more widespread

(E) tawdry.. blighted

and ---- record keeping.

(A) abating..detailed

7. Despite the fact that it is almost universally ----,

(B) increasing..systematic

the practice of indentured servitude still ---- in

(C) substantial..erratic

many parts of the world.

(D) stable..superficial

(A) condemned abates

(E) consistent..meticulous

(B) tolerated.. survives

(C) proscribed.. persists

3. The challenge of interpreting fictional works written

(D) mandated.. lingers

under politically repressive regimes lies in distin-

(E) disdained.. intervenes

guishing what is ---- to an author's beliefs, as

opposed to what is ---- by political coercion.

8. CANDY: SUGAR::

(A) innate.. understood

(A) chick: egg

(B) organic.. imposed

(B) tire: rubber

(C) contradictory.. conveyed

(C) pen: ink

(D) oblique.. captured

(D) mushroom: spore

(E) peripheral.. demanded

(E) rag: scrap

4. I am often impressed by my own ---- other

9. SCRIPT: DRAMA::

people's idiocies: what is harder to ---- is that they,

(A) theater: play

in their folly, are equally engaged in putting up with

(B) movement: symphony

mine.

(C) photograph: scene

(A) analysis of.. justify

(D) map: town

(B) forbearance toward.. underestimate

(E) score: music

(C) exasperation with .. credit

(D) involvement in .. allow

10. AMBIGUOUS: UNDERSTAND::

(E) tolerance of .. appreciate

(A) veracious: defend

(B) blatant: ignore
(C) prosaic: classify

5. Despite vigorous protestations, the grin on the teen-

(D) arcane: conceal

142

GRE (96.4)

(E) plausible: believe

environment of space. That experiment is still cited as evidence that growing crystals in microgravity can increase

11. MERCURIAL: MOOD::

crystal size: the authors reported that they grew lysozyme

(A) callous: emotion

protein crystals 1,000 times larger than crystals grown in

(B) doleful: energy

the same device on Earth. Unfortunately, the authors did

(C) jaundiced: attitude

not point out that their crystals were no larger than the

(D) whimsical: behavior

average crystal grown using other, more standard tech-

(E) unversed: experience

niques in an Earth laboratory.

No research has yet produced results that could justify

12. PRISTINE: DECAY::

the enormous costs of producing crystals on a large scale

(A) adequate: imprecision

in

(B) stable: fluctuation

space. To get an unbiased view of the usefulness of micro-

(C) volatile: force

gravity crystal growth, crystals grown in space must be

(D) symmetric: flaw

compared with the best crystals that have been grown

(E) valid: exception

with
standard techniques on Earth. Given the great expense of

13. DIGRESS: EXCURSIVE::

conducting such experiments with proper controls, and the

(A) improvise: studied

limited promise of experiments performed thus far, it is

(B) reiterate: redundant

questionable whether further experiments in this area

(C) excise: prolix

should even be conducted.

(D) refute: plausible

(E) accede: contentious

17.According to the passage, which of the following

is true about the Space Lab experiment conducted in

14. PONTIFICATE: SPEAK::

1983?

(A) indoctrinate: preach

(A) It was the first experiment to take place in the

(B) impersonate: imitate

microgravity environment of space.

(C) obey: listen

(B) It was the first experiment in which researchers

(D) soar: fly

in space were able to grow lysozyme protein

(E) strut: walk

crystals greater in size than those grown on

Earth.

15. OFFICIOUS: MEDDLE::

(C) Its results have been superseded by subsequent

(A) disaffected: rebel

research in the field of microgravity protein

(B) bustling: excel

crystal growth.

(C) profligate: conserve

(D) Its results are still considered by some to be

(D) subservient: esteem

evidence for the advantages of microgravity

(E) acrimonious: soothe

protein crystal growth.

(E) Its results are considered by many to be invalid

16. ATTENUATE: THICKNESS::

because nonstandard techniques were employed.

(A) separate: substance

(B) ventilate: circulation

18.It can be inferred from the passage that the author

(C) vaccinate: immunity

would find the Space Lab experiment more impressive

(D) transfer: location

if which of the following were true?

(E) cool: temperature

(A) The results of the Space Lab experiment could be

An experiment conducted aboard Space Lab in 1983 was

replicated in producing other kinds of crystals in

the first attempt to grow protein crystals in the low-

addition to lysozyme protein.

gravity

(B) The device used in the experiment produced larger

143

GRE (96.4)

crystals on Earth than it did in space.

described filmmaking as a process that leads viewers

(C) The size of the crystals produced in the experi-

toward

ment exceeded the size of crystals grown in

a "fresh perception of the world." Vertov's description of

Earth laboratories using standard techniques.

filmmaking should apply to films on the subject of art. Yet

D)The cost of producing the crystals in space

films on art have not had a powerful and pervasive effect

exceeded that of producing them using standard

on the way we see.

laboratory techniques.

Publications on art flourish, but these books and articles

(E) The standard techniques used in Earth laboratories

do not necessarily succeed in teaching us to see more

were modified in the Space Lab experiment due

deeply

to the effects of microgravity.

or more clearly. Much writing in art history advances the

discourse in the field but is unlikely to inform the eye of

19.Which of the following can be inferred from the pas-

one unfamiliar with its polemics. Films, however, with

sage about the device used to grow crystals in the

their

Space Lab experiment?

capacity to present material visually and to reach a broader

(A) The device is more expensive to manufacture than

audience, have the potential to enhance visual literacy (the

are the devices used in standard techniques in an

ability to identify the details that characterize a particular

Earth laboratory.

style)

(B) The device has not been used to grow crystals in

more

effectively

than

publications

can.

Unfortunately,

space since the Space Lab experiment of 1983.

few of the hundred or so films on art that are made each

(C) Crystals grown in the device on Earth tend to be

year in the United States are broadcast nationally on

much smaller than crystals grown in it in space.

prime-

(D) Crystals grown in the device in space have been

time television.

exceeded in size by crystals grown in subsequent

The fact that films on art are rarely seen on prime-time

experiments in space using other devices.

television may be due not only to limitations on

(E) The experiments in which the device was used

distribution

were conducted with proper controls.

but also to the shortcomings of many such films. Some of

these shortcomings can be attributed to the failure of art

20.The passage suggests that the author would most prob-

historians and filmmakers to collaborate closely enough

ably agree with which of the following assessments of

when making films on art. These professionals are able,

the results of the Space Lab experiment?

within their respective disciplines, to increase our aware-

(A) Although the results of the experiment are

ness of visual forms. For close collaboration to occur,

impressive, the experiment was too limited in

professionals in each discipline need to recognize that

scope to allow for definitive conclusions.

films

(B) The results of the experiment are impressive on

on art can be both educational and entertaining, but this

the surface, but the report is misleading.

will require compromise on both sides.

(C) The results of the experiment convincingly

A filmmaker who is creating a film about the work of

confirm what researchers have long suspected.

an artist should not follow the standards set by rock

(D) Because of design flaws, the experiment did not

videos

yield any results relevant to the issue under

and advertising. Filmmakers need to resist the impulse

investigation.

to

(E) The results of the experiment are too contradictory

move the camera quickly from detail to detail for fear

to allow for easy interpretation.

of
boring the viewer, to frame the image for the sake of
drama
alone, to add music for fear of silence. Filmmakers are

In 1923 the innovative Russian filmmaker Dziga Vertov

aware that an art object demands concentration and, at

144

GRE (96.4)

the

23.Which of the following best describes the organization

same time, are concerned that it may not be compelling

of the passage?

enoughand so they hope to provide relief by

(A) An observation about an unsatisfactory situation

interposing

is offered, the reasons for the situation are dis-

"real" scenes that bear only a tangential relationship to

cussed, and then ways to change it are suggested.

the

(B) Two opinions regarding a controversial phenom-

subject. But a work of art needs to be explored on its

enon are contrasted, supporting evidence for

own

each is presented, and then the two opinions are

terms. On the other hand, art historians need to trust

reconciled.

that

(C) Criticism of a point of view is discussed, the

one can indicate and analyze, not solely with words, but

criticism is answered, and then the criticism is

also by directing the viewer's gaze. The specialized written

applied to another point of view.

language of art history needs to be relinquished or at

(D) A point of view is described, evidence supporting

least

the view is provided, and then a summary is

tempered for the screen. Only an effective collaboration

presented.

between filmmakers and art historians can create films that

(E) A strategy is presented, reasons for its past failure

will enhance viewers' perceptions of art.

are discussed, and then a recommendation that

will be abandoned is offered.

21.The passage suggests that a filmmaker desiring to

enhance viewers perceptions of art should do which of

24.The passage is primarily concerned with

the following?

(A) discussing why film's potential as a medium for

(A) Rely on the precise language of art history when

presenting art to the general public has not been

developing scripts for films on art.

fully realized and how film might be made more

(B) Rely on dramatic narrative and music to set a

effective in this regard

film's tone and style.

(B) discussing the shortcomings of films on art and

(C) Recognize that a work of art by itself can be

the technological innovations required to increase

compelling enough to hold a viewer's attention

the impact of film on visual literacy

(D) Depend more strongly on narration instead of

(C) discussing the advantages and the disadvantages of

camera movements to guide the viewer's gaze.

using films rather than publications to present

(E) Emphasize the social and the historical contexts

works of art to the general public

within which works of art have been created.

(D) presenting information to support the view that

films on art must focus more on education and

22.The author of the passage refers to Vertov in the first

less on entertainment in order to increase visual

paragraph most probably in order to

literacy

(A) provide an example of how films can be used to

(E) presenting information to support the view that

influence perceptions

films on art, because they reach a broader audi-

(B) present evidence to support the argument that

ence than many other kinds of media, have had

films have been used successfully to influence

greater success in promoting visual literacy

viewers' perceptions
(C) introduce the notion that film can influence how

25.The author would most likely agree with which of the

viewers see

following statements about film and visual literacy?

(D) contrast a traditional view of the uses of film

(A) Reading a publication about a work of art and

with a more modern view

then seeing a film about the same work is the

(E) describe how film can change a viewer's

most effective way to develop visual literacy.

perception of a work of art

(B) An increase in a viewer's awareness of visual

forms will also lead to an increased attention
145

GRE (96.4)

span.

(A) emulate

(C) Film has a great but not yet fully exploited capac-

(B) disparage

ity to increase viewers' awareness of visual

(C) compel

forms.

(D) anticipate

(D) A film that focuses on the details of a work of art

(E) disappoint

will hinder the development of visual literacy.

(E) Films on art would more effectively enhance the

30. DECADENCE:

visual literacy of teenagers if filmmakers

(A) cheerfulness

followed the standards set by rock videos.

(B) promptness
(C) cleanliness

26.According to the passage, art historians desiring to

(D) wholesomeness

work with filmmakers to enhance the public's appreci-

(E) carefulness

ation of art need to acknowledge which of the following?

31. OPACITY:

(A) The art historian's role in the creation of a film on

(A) transparency

art is likely to be a relatively minor one.

(B) smoothness

(B) Film provides an ideal opportunity to acquaint

(C) colorlessness

viewers with a wide range of issues that relate

(D) elongation and thinness

incidentally to a work of art.

(E) hardness and durability

(C) An in-depth analysis of a work of art is not an

appropriate topic for a film on art.

32. MISGIVING:

(D) Although silence may be an appropriate back-

(A) consistency

ground when viewing a work of art in a

(B) certainty

museum, it is inappropriate in a film.

(C) generosity

(E) Film can use nonverbal means to achieve some of

(D) loyalty

the same results that a spoken or written dis-

(E) affection

course can achieve.

33. HARANGUE:
27.Which of the following would describe the author's

(A) overtly envy

most likely reaction to a claim that films on art would

(B) intermittently forget

more successfully promote visual literacy if they

(C) gratefully acknowledge

followed the standards set for rock videos?

(D) speak temperately

(A) Ambivalence

(E) sacrifice unnecessarily

(B) Indifference
(C) Sympathy

34. GERMANE:

(D) Interest

(A) unproductive

(E) Disdain

(B) irregular
(C) indistinguishable

28. ACCESSORY:

(D) irrelevant

(A) insubordinate

(E) unsubstantiated

(B) invisible
(C) of high quality

35. IMPUGN:

(D) of massive proportions

(A) rectify

(E) of primary importance

(B) classify
(C) vindicate

29. CHAMPION:

(D) mollify
146

GRE (96.4)

(E) chastise
36. INEXORABLE:
(A) discernible
(B) quantifiable
(C) relenting
(D) inspiring
(E) revealing
37. RESTIVE:
(A) necessary
(B) interesting
(C) calm
(D) healthy
(E) deft
38. BAIT:
(A) perplex
(B) disarm
(C) delude
(D) release
(E) fortify
(9604)
Section 1: BDAEE CEBEA DDBEE BECCD CDBDA DCABD BEECA ABA
Section 3: BBAAA ADCDC DCCBD ABBCD DDBDE EAEDE
Section 4: CBBAA ACBDC CADBD BCDAC BDECA CDCEB
Section 5: EBBEA ECBEB DBBEA EDCCA CCAAC EEEBD ABDDC CCB

147