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RECTANGULAR RC BEAM TORSION DESIGN (BS8110-2:1985 (CL. 2.4))

TEDDS calculation version 1.0.01

Longitudinal torsion reinf't at max

300 ctrs (but see 3.12.11.2.6 of
BS8110-1:1997) is additional to
that required for bending.

Perimeter link only is

considered in the design.
This link to be a closed
torsion link.
Internal links not included
in the design but may be
required for spacing rules
(see 3.4.5.5 of
BS8110-1:1997)

D
Area of steel at this level
includes that required for
bending and torsion

L dia
c nom
c nom

Beam definition
Beam width;

b = 230 mm

Overall beam depth;

h = 450 mm

Characteristic strength of concrete;

fcu = 25 N/mm2

Characteristic strength of longitudinal reinft;

fy = 500 N/mm2

Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement;

fyv = 500 N/mm2

Nominal cover to all reinforcement (incl. links);

cnom = 25 mm

Longitudinal tension bar diameter (try);

D = 16 mm

Link bar diameter;

Ldia = 8 mm

Number of perimeter link legs at a section;

N=2

Area of longitudinal reinft provided for bending;

As = 201 mm2

Effective depth;

d = h - cnom - Ldia - D/2 = 409 mm

Larger dimension of rectangular beam;

hmax = max(h,b) = 450 mm

Smaller dimension of rectangular beam;

hmin =min(h,b) = 230 mm

Larger centre to centre dim. of links;

y1 = hmax - 2cnom - Ldia = 392 mm

Smaller centre to centre dim. of links;

x1 = hmin - 2cnom - Ldia = 172 mm

Design shear force and torsional moment

Ultimate shear force;

V = 18.0 kN

Ultimate torsional moment;

T = 6.2 kNm

Check torsional shear stress (cl. 2.4.4, 2.4.5 & 2.4.6)

Applied torsional shear stress;

vt = (2 T)/(hmin2 (hmax - hmin/3)) = 0.628 N/mm2

Min torsional shear stress above which reinforcement is required

vtmin = min((0.067N1/2/mm)(fcu),0.4N/mm2) = 0.335 N/mm2
Max allowable torsional stress;

vtmax = vtu min(1,y1/550mm) = 2.851 N/mm2

vt>vtmin - Torsion reinforcement required

Check direct shear stress

Applied direct shear stress;
From BS8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

v = V/(bd) = 0.191 N/mm2

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Design concrete shear stress;

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vc = 0.378 N/mm2
v<vc+0.4N/mm2 - Minimum shear links required

Check combined shear stress (cl. 2.4.5)

Resultant shear stress;
vres = vt + v = 0.819 N/mm2
Max allowable combined direct & torsional shear stress
vtu = min((0.8N1/2/mm)(fcu),5.0N/mm2) = 4.000 N/mm2
PASS - vres<=vtu - Resultant shear stress is OK
Link design (cl. 2.4.7)
Area of shear reinforcement reqd for torsion;

Asvt = max(T/(0.8 x1 y1 0.87fyv),0.4b/(0.87fyv)) = 264 mm2/m

Area of shear reinforcement reqd for direct shear; Asvs = 0 mm2/m

Total area of shear reinforcement required;

Asv = Asvt + Asvs = 264 mm2/m

Using 2H8 legs max link spacing;

sv = 1/((4 Asv)/(N Ldia2)) = 380.5 mm

From BS8110:Part 1:1997 - cl. 2.4.8

Maximum allowable link spacing;
Selected link spacing;

svmax = min(x1,y1/2,200mm) = 172 mm

sact = 200 mm
FAIL - Clause 2.4.8 link spacing is exceeded (link utilisation = 0.526)

Longitudinal torsion reinforcement design (cl. 2.4.7)

Area of longitudinal torsion reinft required;

Ast = Asvt fyv (x1 + y1) / fy = 149 mm2

149 mm2 longitudinal reinforcement required