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( 100 ) CIA
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. 1, 2, 3 . 218.
) . 215 218 : Fermat.
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Wolfskehl () (
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100,
2, 3, 5 7 .
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2 200.

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< 200;


. 2
0, 2,
4, 6 8.
. 5
0 5.
. 3

3.
. 9
9.
, 24567 3 2 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7
= 24, 3, 41765 3

23.
9

9 .

n 10m + d,

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n = 25m + d

2 5
d, () () .
10 = 2 5.
'
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+
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, ,

= ( ),
.
, 3 9
a, b c.

. n = 100 + 10b + c ,
S, S = a + b + c.

= (99 + 9b) + S.
99 + 9b 3 9,

S. .
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11


11. , 22453
11 3- 5 + 4- 2 + 2 = 2 11.
) 1000 + 100b + 10c
+ d.
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71544:11,

23456:11, 38291:11.

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3.1.4. (). .
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p1,p2, pk:. p1
, p1 = 2, p2 ,
p2 = 3, .., pk
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1.
.
= (p1p2 pk:) + 1.

. pi
1 pi.
, pi 1,
pi, .
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pi ,
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= + 1
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4 ;.
1. = 2 + 1 = 3, 3.
2. = 2 3 + 1 =7, 7.
3. = 2 3 7 + 1 = 43, 43.

.
, 2,
4 + 1 4 + 3
. ,
,
4+ 3.
4 + 1,
.
. 4 + 3.
:
4+ 3.
,
, 1. .
= 37 (4 + 3) 4- 1,
4 + 3 () 4 + 3.
1
4 , , 4 + 3, 1
" 4 3
4.
2
4 + 3
1
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4 + 3 ,
2 4 + 3 (), ()
() 4 + 1. ()
, 4 + 3
,
().

4 + 1 1 4,
3 4.
,
4 + 1 : (4 + 1)(4 + 1) = 4
+1

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4 + 1 . ..


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1.000.000: (), ,

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, (20) = 8, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 19
< 20.
20 8.

() ,

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1792, , Carl Friedrich Gauss
().
.


3.000.000.

. ,
Gauss,
.
logbx ( 1g),
b, b = .
1g(100) = 2 102 = 100. /,

.

(3.1.6)
, 3,1416 2,3456
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( ) , ,

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.
,
, log
, = 1/
= 1 = . (. 3.2.)

3.2
log

(. 208 213)
MERSENNE .

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