SOS

SOS
1

1. ;

, AB= .

.

2.
;

3. 0P(A)1 ,


.

3.
;

: P(AB)=P(A)+P(B)

N(A)= N()=, + ,

.
,
N(A)=+= N(A)+N().
:
(A ) () () () ()
( )

() ()
()
()
() ( )
(simply
additive law) .
, ,
P(AB)=P(A)+P(B)+P().

' : P(A')=1 P(A)

AA'=, A' ,
, :
P(AA')=P(A)+P(A') P()=P(A)+P(A') 1=P(A)+P(A').
P(A')=1-P(A).

: P(AB)=P(A)+P(B)-P(AB)

N(AB)=N(A)+N(B)N(AB), (1)
N(A)+N(B)
AB .
(1) N()
:
P(AB)=P(A)+P(B)-P(AB)
(additive
law).

AB, P(A)P(B)

AB :
N(A) N()
N(A) N(B)

() ()
N ( ) N ()

:
P(A-B)=P(A)-P(AB)

A-B AB
(A-B)(AB)=A, :P(A)=P(A-B)+P(AB)
P(A-B)=P(A)-P(AB)

4.
.

||
:

:
.

|0| = 0

5. ;

1. || = |-| 0
2. || || -
>0, :|x| = x = x = -
3. |x| = || x = x = -
4. ||2 = 2
5. | | = || ||

| | = || ||
, :
| | = || ||
| |2 = (|| ||)2
| |2 = ||2 ||2
( )2 = 22
22 = 22 .

6.

, :

7. | + | || + ||

| + |<|| + ||
, :
|+| || + ||
|+|2 (|| + ||)2
( + )2 ||2 + ||2 + 2|| ||
2 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 + 2||
||, .
= || 0 ,

.

| | = || || .
:

|1 2 ... | = |1| |2| ... ||

1 = 2 = ... = = , :
|| = ||

| + | || + || .
: |1 + 2 + ... + | |1| + |2| + ... + ||

6. - ;

;
1. : -

, ,

.
2.
3. 0,

x = .

7. -

1. 0, :

2. 0 , :

3. , 0, :

.
4.

5.

6.

:
7. 1, 2, ... , :

8. 1 = 2 = ... = = >0, :

9. , 0

8. ;
: >0, , :

9. x = , R
;

x = , >0 ,

 x = , <0 ,

x = , >0 ,

x = , <0 ,

x = , x =

x = , x1 =

x2 = - .
x2 + x + = 0, 0

10.

= 2 - 4

: x2 + x + = 0, 0

> 0

= 0

< 0

11.

Vieta.

S x1 + x2 P x1 x2,
Vieta:

Mat h Composer 1. 1. 5
ht t p: / / www. mat hcomposer. com

Mat h Composer 1. 1. 5
ht t p: / / www. mat hcomposer. com

- + - - -2
= =x1 + x2 =
+
2
2 2
M at h Com poser 1. 1. 5
ht t p: / / www. m at hcom poser . com

M at h Com poser 1. 1. 5
ht t p: / / www. m at hcom poser . com

x1

2
2
2
- + - - ( -) - ( )
- - 4 4
=
=
x2 =
=
=
2
2
2
2
2

4
4
4

M at h Com poser 1. 1. 5
ht t p: / / www. m at hcom poser . com

12.

x2 + x + = 0,

Vieta ;
x2 + x + = 0, Vieta,
:
2 0

2 0 2 (1 2 ) 1 2 0 2 S P 0

x2 + x + = 0
,
.

13.

2
(f())2+ f ( ) +=0 0
f ( ) 2+ f ( ) +=0
f ( )

(f(x))2 + (f(x)) + = 0
f(x)
(f(x))2 + (f(x)) + = 0
(f(x))

14.

:
:
|x| < - < x <

|x - x| < x < x < x +

:
|x| > x < - x >

10

15.

x 2 + x + , 0 ;

x2 + x + , 0 2 ,
, .
=2-4 x2 + x + = 0

x2 + x + = 0,

.
:
>0 .
: x2 + x + = (x - x1)(x - x2) , x1, x2
.
= 0 .
2

<0 . || = -, :
2

2
2

4 2
x , ,
.
2

16.

x2 + x + , 0 ;

x2 + x + , 0 :
, >0 x,
.
, x .
.
17.

2 + + > 0
2 + + < 0 ;
<0 >0
<0 <0
2 + +
>0 <0

11

18.

,


.

.
, () ,
:
+1 = +

19.

+1 =

: =1+(-1)

1+2+3+...+-1+=1+ 1+2+3+...+-2+-1 +++...+

(-1)


20.

=1+(-1)

, ,

, ,
, :

12

, , ,

21.

, , .

()

S =

(+1)

S =

[21+(-1)]

22.

,

.

() 1 0, ,
0, 0 *. ,
() ,
:

13

23.

- 1

= 1 1

123...-1=1 123...-2-1 ...

(-1)

-1

, =1
24.

, ,

, 2 =
;

, ,
,

, , , 0
2 = ,

, ,

( =
.

14

25.

() 1 .

S=1
: -1,
Sv = 1
1.
26.

; ;

; f ;
; ; ;
;

:
()
.
.
, g, h
. .
, x

y , : y = (x) y x.
(x) x.
x,
, , y,
x, .
, (x) x ,
() .
: f: A f()

27.

Oxy
. M (x, y)
y = (x), M (x, (x)), x A,
C .

15

28.

, , y = (x) C
. , y = (x)
. , C
, , ,
y = (x).
x A y ,
.

(. '). ,
(. ').

,
;

,
,

-,

x'x M'(x,-(x))
M(x, (x))

x'x .
29.

(x) = x + ;

16

 ,
(x) = x + , y = x + ,
y (0,) = .
:
> 0 , 0 < < 90
< 0, 90 < < 180
= 0 , = 0.

= 0 ,
(x) = ,
x .
30.

(x) = x + =0 (x) = x ;

31.

= 0, (x) = x ,
y = x
. :
= 1 y = x .
,
x'x, = = 1,
= 45. y = x

.
= -1 y = -x .
,
x'x, = = -1,
= 135. y = -x

17

 1 2 y = 1x + 1
y = 2x + 2
x'x 1 2 .
1 = 2,
1 = 2,
1 = 2

1 2 . :
1 = 2 1 2, (. '),
1 = 2 1 = 2, .
1 2, 1 2, 1 2 1
2 . (. ')

, y = x + ,

y'y.

, y = x + ,
,
.

18

 2

1
) 3x 2 2x 1
8
) x :
x 1
A(x) 2
3x 2x 1
.
9
) : A(x) 1
8

) > 0 :

x 2 x (x x1 ) (x x 2 )
3x 2 2x 1
2 4 3 (1) 16 0
2

1
3

1
3x 2 2x 1 3 (x 1) x (x 1) 3x 1
3

x1 1 x 2 .

)
0.
1
: 3x 2 2x 1 0 () x 1 x
3
1

) :

x 1
x 1
x 1
1

A(x) 2

3x 2x 1 (x 1) 3x 1 (x 1) 3x 1 3x 1

A(x) 1

1
1
1
1 3x 1 1
3x 1
3x 1

x x x :
2
3x 1 1 3x 1 1 3x 1 1 3x 2 3x 0 x x 0
3

19

 2
) :

x 2 10x 21 0

12
) : A x 3 x 10x 21
2

i) 3 x 7, : A x 2 11x 24
8
ii) x 3, 7 , = 6.
5

)
2 4 (10)2 4 1 21 100 84 16 0

x1 3 x 2 7
2
.

x1,2

x
x 10x 21

+
+

x 2 10x 21 0 x R
3 < x < 7, x 3, 7
) i) 3 x x 3 0 : x 3 x 3
3 x 7 () x 2 10x 21 0 , :
x 2 10x 21 (x 2 10x 21)

, A x 3 x 2 10x 21 x 3 x 2 10x 21 x 2 11x 24

,
ii) :

A x 2 11x 24
A 6 x 2 11x 24 6 x 2 11x 30 0

2 4 112 4 (1) (30) 121 120 1 0

x1,2

x1 5
2

x2 6

20

x2 5 x 6

f x

x 3

1. f.

( 6)

2. x A : f x x 2

( 9)

3. x A , : f x 2 4f x 5 0
2

( 10)

1. f 0, .
x 3 0 x 3 x 3

A (, 3) (3,3) (3, ) 2.

x 5 x 6
2

f f x
x 0

x 3

, xA

x 5 x 6 0 2 5 6 0
2

5 4 1 6 1 0

5 1
2 1

5 1
3 =2
2
x

x 3 x 2
x 3 x 2

2 5 6 3 2

f x

x 5 x 6
2

x 3

x 3

x 2 x A

3. ,
.2

f x 2 4f x 5 0 x 2 2 4 x 2 5 0 x 4 x 3 0 ,
2

x A x 0 , ,

2 4 3 0

2 4 4 4 1 3 4 0
2

4 4 4 2

3 =1
2
2 1
2
3 x 3 .

1 x 1 x 1 .

21

, f (x) ( 1) x 2 ( 1) x 2 ,

R
1.

, ,

f A 0, 2 .

( 3)

2. 1, f. ( 4)
3.

f x x

B 2, 0 ,
x x .
4.

( 8)

1, f

x x .

( 10)

1. f Af R Cf

A 0, 2

f (2) 0

f(0) = ( +1) 02 ( +1) 0 2 2

2. = -1 f(x) = (-1+1) x 2 (-1+1) x 2 2
f x x
A 0, 2 ,

3. Cf x x B 2, 0 f 2 0
,
( 1) 22 ( 1) 2 2 0 4 4 2 2 2 0 2 4 2
2 ,
f (x) (2 1) x 2 (2 1) x 2 f (x) x 2 x 2 x
Cf x x f (x) 0 x 2 x 2 0

22

2 4 12 4 (1) 2 9
x

1 9

x 2 x 1
2
2 1

, Cf x x 1, 0
4. = 1 ,
f(x) = (1+1) x 2 (1+1) x 2 f(x) 2x 2 2x 2 x
2x 2 - 2x + 2
2 4 = (2)2 4 2 2 4 0 ,
2 0

2x 2 - 2x + 2 > 0 f (x) 0 x R .
Cf xx.

5
f (x) x 2 x 1, x
1.

Cf f

x x .
2.

( 5)

Cf

y 2x 3 .

( 10)

3. M x, y Cf . x M
: 2x 1 3 ,
y 2x 3 .

( 10)

1. f Af R
f (x) 0 x

f (x) 0 x 2 + x 1 0 (1)

= 2 4 12 4 1 1 3 0
(1) R , Cf x x .
2. Cf y 2x 3
,
f (x) 2x 3 x 2 x 1 2x 3 x 2 x 2 0
x 2 x 2
= 2 4 (1)2 4 1 (2) 9 0

23

 1 0

x
x x2
2

(1) 9
x
x 2 x 1
2
2 1

-1

, 1 x 2 Cf

y 2x 3 x (1, 2)

3. .2., , x (1, 2) ,,
| 2x 1| 3 3 2x 1 3 2 2x 4 1 x 2
x (1, 2)

6
x 2 4x 3 x R .
2

1. x 2 x 0, 0 .
( 5)
2.
.

( 10)

3. x1 , x 2 ,
,
i) S x1 x 2 P x1 x 2 .
ii) (4x1 3)(4x 2 3)
, .

(M 10)

1. :

(x 2)2 (4x 3) x 2 4x 4 4x 3
x 2 4x 4 4x 3 = 0 x 2 4(1 )x 4 3 = 0 ,

x 2 x 0, 0 1 0 , 4 1 4 3 .
2. x 2 4(1 )x 4 3 :
[4( 1)]2 4 (4 3) 16 1 4(4 3) 4[4(2 2 1) (4 3)]
2

4(42 8 4 4 3) 4(42 5)
42 5

2 4 52 4 4 0 25

24

x1,2

1,2
2

5 5
8 0
5 25 5 5

24
8
5 5
5

4
8

4 5

5
4

0
+

x 2 4(1 )x 4 3 = 0 (1),

,
0 4(4 2 + 5) > 0 < -

3. i) < -

5
0 (1)
4

x1 , x 2 , S x1 x 2

P x1 x 2

ii) < -

5
0.
4

4 1

4 1

4 3

4 3

5
0 :
4

A (4x1 3)(4x 2 3) 16x1x 2 12x1 12x 2 9 16x1x 2 12(x1 x 2 ) 9 16P 12S 9

16(4 3) 12 4(1 ) 9 64 48 48 48 9 25
.
7
: f (x) x 2 x
1.

f R .

( 10)

2.

f
1
A 0, , :
2
i)

.
ii) f (x)

( 7)
1
.
2

( 8)

25


1. f x 2 x

0.
4

f R , x 2 x

0
4

x R ,
.
: 0 (1)2 4 1
2.

0 1 0 1.
4

i) 1, f

1
A 0, , :
2

f (0)

1
1
02 0
2
4 2

1
1
1, .
4 2
4 4
2

1 , :
ii) , f (x)

1
1
1

f (x) x x x x .
4
2
2

1
1 1
1 1
1
1
x x x x 1 x 0.
2
2 2
2 2
2
2

8
, Cf Cg
f g ,

1
2
f(x) = x - 2 g(x) = x + , x
3
3

) Cf Cg
( 6)

26

) ).
( 8)
) ,
x Cf Cg
( 6)
) ), x

K = 3 2 - x - x + 2

( 5)

) Cf Cg
A(1,1) B(4, 2)

f (x)
) Cf Cg
g(x)
:
1
2
f (x) g(x) x 2 x 3 x 2 x 2 (1)
3
3

:
x 2 0 x 2 , x 2 x 2 (1) :
3(x 2) x 2 3x 6 x 2 3x x 2 6 2x 8 x 4

, 4 2
x 2 0 x 2 , x 2 (x 2) x 2 (1)
:
3(x 2) x 2 3x 6 x 2 3x x 2 6 4x 4 x 1
, 1 2
x 1 , :
f (1) 1 2 1 1 ,
x 4 , :
f (4) 4 2 2 2

Cf Cg A(1,1) B(4, 2)
) Cf Cg
x (,1) (4, )

)
.
:
3 2 x (x 2) 0 3 2 x x 2 3 (x 2) x 2 3 x 2 x 2

27

1
2
x 2 x f (x) g(x)
3
3
x
Cf Cg (

).
x ,1 4,
: x
f
g f (x) g(x)
x
f
g f (x) g(x)

9
f(x) = x 2 +1 g(x) = x + , R R
) = 1 ,
f g

( 5)

)
f g .
( 10)
) 1 ,
f g
.

( 10)

) = 1 , g : g(x) = x +1

f (x)
Cf Cg
g(x)
f (x) g(x)
,
f (x) g(x) x 2 1 x 1 x 2 x 0 x(x 1) 0 x 0 x=1
x 0 , :
g(0) 0 1 1 ,
x 1 , :
g(1) 1 1 2
f g
(0,1) B(1, 2)

28

) f g
f (x)

.

g(x)

f (x) g(x) x 2 1 x x 2 x 1 0 (1)

.

0 1 4( 1) 0 1 4 4 0 4 3

3
4

3
f g
4
x1 , x 2 (1)

) 1

.
P
1

P x1 x 2
1 0

1
, x1 , x 2 Cf Cg
.

10
,

1 3 2

1 .
1
) 1
3
) 3 1 3

5
10

) f x 4x 2 4 2 x 2

10

1
1 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 2 1
3
) ,
2 1 1 2 1 1 3 1

) ,

1
1 1 3 3 3 3 1 2
3
(1) (2),
2 3 4 3 3 1 3 3 1 3

29

) 4x 2 4 2 x 2
2 4 16 2 16 2
2

2
16 2 2

16 2 2

64 1 0

2 1 1 3 1 1 0
, 0
x 2 , x, 4 0 .
)
2 1.
x y x y ,

3 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 1 2 3

30