Seldom before has there been a collective volume with so many internal

cross-references.

As Lakoff and Turner point out in More than Cool Reason, a

Gibbs and Colston (2012) "Figurative language generally refers to

speech where speakers mean something other than what they
literally say"(p.1)

Idioms and Culture

Colston (2015) "Idioms also have been argued to greatly depend on
common ground for their successful use and comprehension. Given
the opacity of meanings of many idioms, successful comprehension
would seem to depend on hearers having learned those meanings in
some cultural context. Use of such idioms thus would require
consideration of community (cultural) co-membership"(p.113).

Glucksberg (2001)"Idioms are a subset of the fixed expressions in a

language community"(p.68).