Tense Question Auxiliary Subject Main verb Keterangan

word verb

Simple What does Sarah think about the project?

Present

What is your name?

What are You doing?

What would You do If you have a million

dollars?

Where are You now?

Why do You love me?

Who is she?

How does the washing work?

machine

How many do You have?

kids

Simpe Past What did You do yesterday?

When did You create the blog?

Where did You buy that T-shirt?

Why were You late?

1. WHAT (APA)
What digunakan untuk menanyakan benda atau hal. Contoh kalimat tanya yang
menggunakan kata what bisa Anda lihat di bawah ini.
What is your mothers name? [Siapa nama ibumu?]
What does Sarah think about your project? [Apa yang Sarah pikirkan tentang proyek
Anda?]
What did Sarah eat yesterday? [Apa yang Sarah makan kemarin?]
What was Sarah doing when you called? [Apa yang Sarah lakukan ketika Anda
menelpon?]
What have they been doing all day? [Apa yang telah mereka lakukan sepanjang hari?]
What will Sarah think about your project? [Apa yang akan Sarah pikirkan tentang
proyek Anda?]
Anda juga bisa meletakkan kata benda yang Anda ingin tanyakan setelah what. Contohnya
adalah:
What kind of cat do you have? [Kucing macam apa yang Anda punya?]
What car did Wawan buy last week? [Mobil apa yang dibeli Wawan minggu lalu?]
What movie did Sarah see last night? [Film apa yang Sarah tonton tadi malam?]

Selain itu, Anda bisa juga meletakkan kata kerja setelah what. Berikut adalah contoh
kalimatnya:
What makes your blog unique? [Apa yang membuat blogmu unik?]
What makes us happy? [Apa yang membuat kita bahagia?]
What annoys you the most at work? [Apa yang paling membuatmu jengkel di tempat
kerja?]
2. WHERE (DIMANA, KEMANA, DARIMANA)
Where digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat. Lihat contoh penggunaannya dalam kalimat-
kalimat di bawah ini:
Where do you work? [Di mana Anda bekerja?]
Where do they live? [Di mana mereka tinggal?]
 Where are my shoes? [Di mana sepatu saya?]
Where are you going? [Ke mana Anda akan pergi?]
Where do we go now? [Ke mana kita akan pergi sekarang?]
Where did you buy that T-shirt? [Di mana Anda membeli T-shirt itu?]
Where have you been? [Sudah dari mana Anda?]
3. WHEN (KAPAN)
When digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu. Contoh kalimatnya:
When is your birthday? [Kapan ulang tahun Anda?]
When do the shop open? [Kapan toko itu buka?]
When did that happen? [Kapan itu terjadi?]
When did you live in New York? [Kapan Anda tinggal di New York?]
When will they arrive? [Kapan mereka akan tiba?]
4. WHICH (YANG MANA)
Which digunakan untuk menanyakan pilihan. Contohnya:
Which car do you want to buy? [Mobil yang mana yang ingin Anda beli?]
Which flavour of ice cream would you like? [Rasa es krim yang mana yang Anda
sukai?]
Which route do we should take? [Rute yang mana yang harus kami lalui?]
Which drink did you order? [Minuman yang mana yang Anda pesan?]

5. WHY (MENGAPA, KENAPA)

Why digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan. Contoh kalimatnya adalah:
Why do you love me? [Mengapa Anda mencintai saya?]
Why do we need a nanny? [Mengapa kita memerlukan seorang pengasuh?]
Why does the food smell bad? [Mengapa makanan itu bau?]
Why is he ignoring me? [Mengapa dia mengabaikan saya?]
Why are they always late? [Mengapa mereka selalu terlambat?]
Why did she stop writing? [Mengapa dia berhenti menulis?]
 Why did you do that? [Kenapa Anda melakukan itu?]
Why did you not go for work today? [Mengapa Anda tidak pergi kerja hari ini?]
6. WHOSE (PUNYA SIAPA)
Whose digunakan untuk menanyakan kepemilikan. Contoh kalimatnya:
Whose car is this? [Mobil siapa ini?]
Whose laptop did he steal? [Laptop siapa yang dia curi?]
Whose place are you staying at? [Tempat siapa yang sedang Anda tinggali?]
7. WHO (SIAPA, sebagai subjek)
Who digunakan untuk menanyakan orang (sebagai subjek). Contoh kalimatnya bisa Anda
lihat di bawah ini:
Who is that? [Siapa itu?]
Who is going to come with Messi? [Siapa yang akan datang dengan Messi?]
Who is she dating now? [Siapa yang sedang dia kencani sekarang?]
Who can help me bring this table? [Siapa yang bisa membantu saya membawa meja
ini?]
Who were you calling? [Siapa yang sedang Anda telepon?
Who will you invite to the party? [Siapa yang akan Anda undang ke pesta?]
Selain itu, who juga bisa langsung diikuti oleh kata kerja. Perhatikan contoh-contohnya di
bawah ini:
Who wants to eat? [Siapa yang mau makan?]
Who cares? [Siapa yang peduli?]
Who won the match? [Siapa yang memenangkan pertandingan?]
Who wrote the Harry Potter? [Siapa yang menulis Harry Potter?]

8. WHOM (SIAPA, sebagai objek)

Berbeda dengan who, whom digunakan untuk menanyakan orang sebagai objek. Contoh
kalimatnya adalah:
Whom are you talking about? [Siapa yang sedang Anda bicarakan?]
Whom did you interview yesterday? [Siapa yang Anda wawancarai kemarin?]
 Perbedaan Who dengan Whom
Who
Question: Who will carry the table? (Siapa yang akan membawa meja ini?]
Answer: Parto will carry the table. [Parto akan membawa meja ini. (Parto di sini sebagai
subjek)]
Whom
Question: Whom did you see? (Siapa yang Anda lihat?]
Answer: I saw Parto. [Saya melihat Parto. (Parto di sini sebagai objek)]
9. How (Bagaimana, Berapa, Seberapa)
How biasanya digunakan untuk menanyakan cara, kondisi/kualitas, kabar/kesehatan
seseorang, jumlah (yang dapat dan tidak dapat dihitung), usia, jarak, durasi, dan
frekuensi. Contoh kalimatnya:
How does the washing machine work? [Bagaimana cara kerja mesin cuci?]
How was your exam? [Bagaimana ujian Anda?]
How are you [Bagaimana kabar Anda?]
How many children does Parto have? [Berapa banyak anak yang Parto miliki?]
How much money have you spent this month? [Berapa banyak uang yang telah Anda
habiskan bulan ini?]
How old are you? [Berapa usia Anda?]
How far is Bali from Jakarta? [Seberapa jauh Bali dari Jakarta?]
How long can you go? [Berapa lama Anda bisa pergi?]
How often do you visit your grandmother? [Seberapa sering Anda mengunjungi nenek
Anda?]

5 TENSES DASAR
1) SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang berlangsung tiap hari yang merupakan
kebiasaan atau kenyataan.
Positive : S + V 1
 * Khusus orang ke tiga tunggal verb ditambahkan s/es
Ex : She goes to school
Negative : S + DO/DOES + NOT + V 1
Ex : She does not go to school
Interrogative : DO/DOES + S + V 1
Ex : Does she go to school?-yes, she does
-no, she doesnt
* Simple present tense sering digunakan dengan adverbial of time(keterangan waktu),
adverbial of place(keterangan tempat) etc.

2) SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung pada
saat bicara
Positive : S + AM/IS/ARE + V 1
Ex : She is studying english
Negative : S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + V-Ing
Ex : She is not studying english
Interrogative : AM/IS/ARE + S + V-Ing
Ex : Is she studying english? -Yes, she is
- No, she is not
* Present continouse tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang sedang
berlangsung dalam suatu periode tertentu, diwaktu sekarang. Maksudnya, pada saat bicara
perbuatan tersebut sedang dilakukan.

3) SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian atau perbuatan yang terjadi pada suatu waktu
tertentu di masa lampau.
Positive : S + V 2
Ex : I studied english yesterday
Negative : S + DID NOT +V 1
Ex : I did not study english
Interrogative : DID + S + V 1
Ex : Did you study english? - Yes,i did
- No,i did not
* Simple past tense juga digunakan bila suatu kejadian benar-benar telah terjadi di masa
lampau meskipun suatu waktu tertentu tidak disebutkan.

4) SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan dilakukan dimasa akan datang.
Positive : S + WILL/SHALL + V 1
Ex : We will go to jakarta tomorrow
Negative : S + SHALL/WILL-NOT + V 1
Ex : We will not go to jakarta tomorrow
 Interrogative : SHALL/WILL + S + V 1
Ex : - Will you go to jakarta tomorrow? - Yes,i will
- No,i will not
- Will you sleep to night? - Yes,iwill
- No,i will not

5) SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah di lakukan pada suatu waktu yang
tidak tertentu di masa lampau (telah selesai).
Positive : S + HAS/HAVE + V 3
Ex : We have gone to school
Negative : S + HAVE/HAS-NOT + V 3
Ex : She has not gone to school
Interrogative : HAVE/HAS + S + V 3
Ex : Have they spoken english? - Yes, they have
- No, they have not

No Tenses Rumus Contoh Kalimat

.
1 Simple Present S + V1 (+es/s) He drinks milk
Tense
2 Present Continous S + am/is/are + V(+ing) We are studying now
Tense
3 Present Perfect S + have/has + V3 Randi has gone just now
 Tense
4 Present Perfect S + have/has + been + V(+ing) She has been driving
Continous Tense
5 Simple Past Tense S + V2 + O I often went to campus when i
lived in Jogja
6 Past Continous S + was/were + V(+ing) I was sleeping when you came.
Tense
7 Past Perfect Tense S + Had + V3 My parents had already eaten
by the time i got home
8 Past Perfect S + had + been + V(+ing) Rooney had been playing
Continous Tense football for 3 years till he
decided to stop
9 Simple Future S + will + V1) He wiil go to Bandung
Tense tomorrow
10 Future Continous S + will + be + V(+ing) He will be climbing Krakatau
Tense with her friends on sunday
11 Future Perfect S + will + have + V3 Dika will have rented
Tense my house next month
12 Future Perfect S+will+have+been+V(+ing) he will have been working for 3
Continous Tense hours at 9 am tomorrow
13 Past Future Tense S + would + Infinitive/V1 I would have gone if you didnt
prevent me.
14 Past Future S + would + be + V(+ing) If I could go home, I am
Continous Tense staying with my wife
15 Past Future S + would + have + been + V3 This house would have been
Perfect Tense painted if all workers had came
yesterday.
16 Past Future S + would + have + been + If you studied hard, you had
Perfect Continous V(+ing) been controlling the world
Tense