MSS SP-I 2712001

Bracing For Piping Systems

Seismic = Wind Dynamic -
Design, Selection,
Application

Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E.
Vienna, Virginia 22180
(703) 281-6613 I

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127
This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 403 and
the MSS Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Practice is the result of the efforts of
competent and concerned volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive specification that will
benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice is intended as a basis for common practice by
the manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in
itself preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory
conformance is established only by reference in a code, specification, sales contract, or public law, as
applicable.

Unless otherwise specifically noted in this MSS SP, any standard referred to herein is identified by the date of
issue that was applicable to the referenced standard(s) at the date of issue of this MSS SP. (See ANNEX C.)

In this Standard Practice all notes, annexes, tables, and figures are construed to be essential to the
understanding of the message of the standard, and are considered part of the text unless noted as
"supplemental". All appendices appearing in this document are construed as "supplemental". "Supplemental"
information does not include mandatory requirements.

U.S. customary units in this SP are the standard; the metric units are for reference only.

Non-toleranced Dimensions in this Standard Practice are nominal, and, unless otherwise specified, shall be
considered "for reference only".

Any part of this standard may be quoted. Credit lines should read 'Extractedffom MSSSP-127, 2001, with
permission of the publisher, the Manufacturers Standardization Society Reproduction prohibited under
copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of
the Valve and Fittings Industg Inc.

Originally Approved February 200 1

CopyrightO, 2001 in U.S.A. by
Manufacturers Standardization Sociey
of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127
FOREWORD
This standard was developed by a cooperative effort of representatives of the pipe hanger manufacturers. It
is based on the best practice current at this time and on the collective experience of the industry. There are
three companion standards, MSS SP-58, MSS SP-69 and MSS SP-89, relating to hanger materials, design,
manufacture, fabrication, selection, application and installation. In addition, The MSS Pipe Hanger
Committee has developed guidelines for pipe supports contractual relationships and on hanger terminology as
covered in MSS SP-77 and MSS SP-90 respectively.

..
11

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE

FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................................ ii
...
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 111
1 PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 SCOPE........................................................................................................................................................................ 1
3 OBJECTIVE .............................................................................................................................................................. 1
4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 1
5 SELECTION PROCEDURE - SINGLE PIPES ...................................................................................................... 3
6 SELECTION PROCEDURE - TRAPEZE HANGERS............................................................................................ 4
7 PIPE BRACING DRAWINGS .................................................................................................................................. 4
8 INSTALLATION........................................................................................................................................................ 5
9 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 5
10 SPECIAL TYPES OF BRACES ................................................................................................................................ 6

TABLE 1 Minimum Design Load Ratings For Brace Assemblies ............................................................................ 7

TABLE 2 Calculating Seismic Force ........................................................................................................................ 8
TABLE A2 Calculating Seismic Force, Metric Units .................................................................................................... 9
TABLE 3 Wind Force .............................................................................................................................................. 10
TABLE A3 Wind Force, Metric Units ......................................................................................................................... 11
TABLE 4 Load Values For Fasteners........................................................................................................................ 12
TABLE 4.1 Load Data and Torque Values For Bolts .................................................................................................. 12
TABLE A4.1 Load Data and Torque Values For Metric Bolts ...................................................................................... 13

FIGURE 1 Cable Brace Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 14

FIGURE 2 Typical Brace Members And Allowable Loads ........................................................................................ 15
FIGURE A2 Typical Brace Members And Allowable Loads, Metric Units ................................................................ 16
FIGURE 3 Typical Brace And Pipe Hanger Attachments .......................................................................................... 17
FIGURE 4 Typical Brace Structure Attachments ...................................................................................................... 18
FIGURE 5 Typical Rod Stiffener Components ........................................................................................................ 19
FIGURE 6 Pipe Supports That Also Act As Braces .................................................................................................. 20

ANNEX A Rod Hanger Size For Braced Hangers .................................................................................................... 21

ANNEX B Typical Brace Assembly Drawing .......................................................................................................... 22
ANNEX C Referenced Standards And Applicable Dates .......................................................................................... 23

iii

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 S T D - M S S SP-127-ENGL 2002 M 5770b40 05015 4 9 T D
MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
BRACING FOR PIPING SYSTEMS, SEISMIC - WIND - DYNAMIC
1. PURPOSE
1.1 Piping systems shall be protected to reduce the
risk of piping overstress where subject to seismic, wind
and other dynamic forces.
2. SCOPE
2.1 This Standard Practice establishes the material,
design, fabrication and inspection criteria to be used
in the manufacture of standard types of bracing
assemblies.
2.2 This Standard Practice presents recommended
guidelines for incorporating stability in piping systems
for protection against seismic, wind, and other dynamic
forces.
2.3 This Standard Practice is intended for use on
piping systems where formal engineered bracing design
may not have been performed.
2.4 This Standard Practice applies to rigidly connected
metallic pipe only (welded, flanged, mechanical jointed,
etc). For other types of pipe and pipe connections,
contact the pipe manufacturer for information.
3. OBJECTIVE
3.1 To serve as a seismic, wind and other dynamic
bracing specification for selection and application by
being referenced in whole or in part.
3.2 To serve as a guide to proven industry practice
during engineering design and writing of job
specifications covering seismic, wind and other
dynamic bracing of piping systems.
3.3 To provide the erector with information on types
of seismic, wind and other dynamic bracing to be used
for specific application and installations, where such
information is not provided.
3.4 To serve as a companion document to MSS SP-58,
which provides recommendations for materials, design
and manufacture of pipe hangers and supports.
1
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3.5 To serve as a companion document to MSS SP-69,
which provides recommendations for the selection and
application of pipe hangers and supports.
3.6 To serve as a companion document to MSS SP-89,
which provides recommendations for fabrication and
installation of pipe hangers and supports.
4. GENERALREOUIREMENTS
4.1 All piping systems shall be braced for seismic
forces in accordance with the requirements contained in
this document, with the following exceptions:
a) Piping in boiler and mechanical equipment
rooms 1 inch (25 mm) and less nominal pipe size.
b) All other piping 2 inch (50 mm) and less
nominal pipe size, except as noted in 4.1 a.
c) All piping suspended by individual hangers a
distance of 12 inches (300 mm) or less in length
from the top of the pipe to the bottom of the
structure where the hanger is attached. In addition,
rods must have top connections that cannot
develop moments.
d) Bracing of fire sprinkler systems shall be in
accordance with NFPA 13, and as required by the
applicable building code.
4.2 All piping systems subject to wind loading shall be
braced for wind forces in accordance with the
requirements contained in this document.
4.3 All piping systems subject to other dynamic
loading shall be braced as required.
4.4 Piping systems shall be braced to resist both
lateral and longitudinal horizontal forces.
4.5 Lateral bracing shall be spaced at a maximum of
40 fi (12 m).
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S T D - M S S SP-127-ENGL 2001 5770bli0 0501501 32b

MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

4.6 Longitudinal bracing shall be spaced at a 4.17 Wrapping cable around pipe is not an acceptable
maximum of 80 ft (24 m) and shall be attached directly means of attachment to the pipe.
to the pipe.
4.18 A length of pipe shall not be braced to parts of a
building (walls, ceilings, floors, etc.) that may respond
4.7 Braces, where required, shall be installed at or as
differently during dynamic loading (seismic, or other).
close as practical to a hanger location.
4.19 The last length of pipe at the end of a feed or cross
4.8 Braces shall be designed to withstand a minimum main shall be provided with a lateral brace.
design load rating as shown in TABLE 1.
4.20 Each change in direction of the piping system that
4.9 Where possible bracing should be concentric. All is greater than 12 feet (3.7 m) in length shall be braced.
parts and fittings making up the bracing assembly shall
act in a straight line to avoid eccentric loading on
4.21 Lateral braces shall be allowed to act as
component parts and fasteners.
longitudinal braces if the bracing is installed within 2 ft
(610 mm) of a change in direction.
4.10 Because a brace may act in compression as well as
tension, it is necessary to size the brace to prevent
4.22 C-type clamps (including malleable top beam
buckling. This does not apply to cable braces, which act
clamps) used to attach pipe hangers to the building
in tension only.
structure in areas subject to seismic, wind, and other
dynamic loads shall be equipped with a retaining strap
4.11 For individual braces, the slenderness ratio, Ur, to prevent movement or slipping.
shall not exceed 200, where 1 is the effective length of
the brace and r is the least radius of gyration.
4.23 Single C-type clamps (including malleable iron
top beam clamps), with or without retaining straps, shall
4.12 Expansion and contraction of piping systems shall not be used to attach braces to the building structure.
be considered when designing and locating braces.
Bracing shall not adversely affect the thermal
4.24 Typical brace members are shown in FIGURE 2.
movement of the piping system.

4.25 Recommended devices permitting connection of

4.13 Piping systems incorporating vibration-isolation
braces to both the pipe and the building structure are
and control devices shall not be braced with rigid braces
shown in FIGURE 3 and FIGURE 4. However,
that would transmit the vibration to the building
alternate means of attachment, capable of handling the
structure. The use of slip fittings or cables shall be used
expected loads, are acceptable.
in the design of the bracing assemblies to interrupt the
vibration path.
4.26 Structure attachment hardware shall be designed
for combined shear and tensile loads.
4.14 When cables are used for braces, they shall oppose
each other in order to provide bracing for forces acting
180 degrees apart. Cables shall be tightened to remove 4.27 Concrete embedments, anchor bolts, and
slack, except as provided in 4.13. expansion shields shall be designed for seismic, wind or
dynamic forces.
4.15 Cables shall be in accordance with FIGURE 1

4.16 Steel cables shall be zinc coated in accordance

with ASTM A 603. Stainless steel cables shall comply
with ASTM A 492.

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 S T D - M S S SP-127-ENGL 2001 R 5 7 7 0 b 4 0 050L502 2b2 W
MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
4.28 Determination of bracing forces:
4.28.1 Seismic Loads: The loads for both lateral
and longitudinal bracing shall be determined using
the procedure, "Calculating Seismic Force (F,)",
shown on page 8 and page 9.
4.28.2 Wind Loads: The assigned loads for both
lateral and longitudinal bracing shall be
determined using TABLE 3 - WIND FORCE, F,.
F, is the horizontal wind force, based on a wind
speed of 70 mph.
When the use of another wind speed is required or
permitted by the authority having jurisdiction, the
loads in TABLE 3 - WIND FORCE, F, shall be
scaled accordingly.
4.28.3 Other Dynamic Loads: The nature and
variety of dynamic loads are such that the job
specification should clearly define these loads.
4.28.4 Combined Loads: Combining of seismic
and wind loads is not required unless specified.
4.29 In lieu of using TABLES 2 and 3, horizontal loads
for braces may be determined by analysis.
4.30 The loads on brace members shall not exceed the
maximum allowable loads provided in FIGURE 2.
4.31 All bracing components shall be designed in
accordance with MSS SP-58. Braced assemblies may
result in horizontal loading on components which may
not be presented in manufacturer's catalog. Verifj all
necessary load rating and configurations recommended
with the manufacturers.
4.32 Rod stiffeners may be required to resist buckling
of the hanger rods. See FIGURE 2 for allowable
unstiffened lengths. Rod with stiffeners applied shall
not exceed a slenderness ratio lr of 200. See FIGURE
5 for typical rod stiffeners.
4.33 Rod stiffeners, if necessary, are only required at
braced locations. Rod stiffeners are not required where
2 rigid braces are opposed to each other at a single rod
type hanger.
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4.34 Individual fasteners in the load path of the brace
assembly shall be checked to ensure that they do not
exceed allowable loads. TABLE 4 contains allowable
fastener values for bolting and anchorage to structure.
See TABLE 4 for recommended torque values for
bolted connections.
4.34.1 Welding is an acceptable means of
fastening bracing assemblies.
4.35 Purchaser's engineer shall verifj that the structure
itself is adequate to support bracing forces.
4.36 Many types of standard pipe hangers and supports
inherently provide bracing and lateral support for piping
systems. See Section 10 for information.
5. SELECTION PROCEDURE - SINGLE PIPES
5.1 Tentatively space lateral braces at 40 ft (12 m)
maximum or at lesser spacing that corresponds with the
spacing of pipe hangers. For example, if pipe hangers
are spaced at 12 ft (3.7 m), then it generally would be
best to initially space braces at 36 fi (1 1 m) as indicated
in paragraph 4.7.
5.2 Tentatively space longitudinal braces at twice the
distance of the lateral braces or 80 ft (24 m) maximum.
5.3 Determine the total load tentatively applied to
each brace in accordance with paragraph 4.28 including
insulation and components such as valves.
5.4 Based upon the required length and load, choose
brace members and sizes from FIGURE 2. Brace
members should be selected such that the maximum
slenderness ratio Ur, for each brace, does not exceed
200. The angle of the braces from the vertical should be
at least 30 degrees but preferably 45 degrees or more.
5.5 If the total load is less than the maximum
permitted in FIGURE 2 for the particular brace and
orientations, then continue to the next step. If not,
select brace assembly components that have a higher
load capacity or reduce spacing by adding braces as a
means to reduce loading.
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
5.6 Select a pipe attachment suitable for the pipe being
braced as shown in FIGURE 3.
5.7 Select a structure attachment suitable for the pipe
being braced as shown in FIGURE 4.
5.8 Check to see if rod stiffeners are required per
paragraph 4.32. When required, add rod stiffeners to
hanger rods containing braces. Suitable designs for rod
stiffeners are shown in FIGURE 5.
5.9 Check the bolted connection of the braces to the
structural supporting members (reference TABLE 4).
5.10 Check hanger rod loads for braced hangers. See
CASE 3 in ANNEX A.
6. SELECTION PROCEDURE - TRAPEZE HANGERS
6.1 In addition to the selection procedure in Section 5,
the following requirements apply to trapeze hangers.
6.2 Determine hanger rod sizes for braced trapezes:
6.2.1 When braced trapezes are subjected to
lateral loads, the tension in the hanger rods is
greater than when subjected to dead-weight loads
only. Additional force is also added by the vertical
component of the seismic loading.
6.2.2 For trapezes subject to any dynamic loads
with 2 transverse braces, see CASE 1 in ANNEX
A.
6.2.3 For trapezes with 1 transverse brace, see
CASE 2 in ANNEX A.
6.2.4 Select a hanger rod size from Table 3 of
MSS SP-58 which meets or exceeds the maximum
hanger rod tension.
6.2.5 Hanger rods for uniformly loaded
non-braced trapeze assemblies may be selected
based on 1/2 the dead-weight load of all the pipes
being camed by the trapeze assembly.
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6.3 Select pipe attachments to braced trapeze
, member so that pipes will be firmly affixed to the
trapeze member.
6.3.1 Individual pipe attachments to the braced
trapeze member (U-bolts, strut clamps, pipe clips,
etc.) must be capable of sustaining horizontal
wind, seismic or dynamic force on the pipe and
maintain their relative positions on the trapeze
member.
6.4 Bracing required for the trapeze hanger shall
consider the sum total of the forces on all the individual
pipes on the trapeze as determined in accordance with
subsection 4.28.
6.5 Veri@ that the bolted connections of the braces to
the trapeze member are adequate to resist the expected
loads on the braces, as well as the combined effects of
tension and shear.
6.6 Hanger rod sizes for trapeze assemblies subject to
wind or other dynamic loading shall be checked for
adequacy.
7. PIPEBRACI NG DRAWINM
7.1 This section contains recommendations for
minimum data that should appear on bracing drawings
to enable the fabricator to furnish, and the erector to
install the bracing assembly, as intended by the job
specification or purchase order.
1.2 General
7.2.1 Where job requirements permit, typical
details and approximate brace locations may be
used in lieu of individual drawings.
7.2.2 Where required, the conventional 8V2 x 11
inch bracing drawing shall contain the information
necessary for shop fabrication and field
installation of the bracing assembly. In the case of
complex assemblies, 11 x 17 inch sheets may be
used. See sample brace drawing in ANNEX B.
 S T D - M S S SP-LZ7-ENGL 2001 6 5770b90 0 5 0 1 5 0 ~035
MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
7.2.3 The data shown on the bracing drawing
should consist of:
Drawing of the assembly (Subsection 7.3)
Bill of material (Subsection 7.4)
Load and movement data (Subsection 7.5)
Location plan (Subsection 7.6)
Identification (Subsection 7.7)
7.3 Drawing of the Assembly
7.3.1 Drawings shall be a pictorial representation
of the assembly showing each component part
identified to a bill of material item.
7.3.2 Dimensioning of the bracing assembly
depends upon the complexity of the design. As a
minimum, the following data should be shown:
a) The overall dimension from the supporting
structure to the center line or bottom of the pipe.
b) The orientation, elevation, size and type of
supporting structure.
c) Pipe size (nominal pipe size unless otherwise
noted) and insulation thickness as applicable.
d) Pipe elevation.
e) Other dimensions necessary for the
fabrication and installation of the complete
bracing assembly.
f) Unless otherwise required, all dimensions
shall be to the nearest one eighth inch (3 mm).
7.4 Bill of Material
7.4.1 An itemized bill of material shall be
provided listing all components of the bracing
assembly. Identification of standard catalog
components shall be made by manufacturers
figure number, type and size. The appropriate
material specification shall be shown for special
components.
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7.5 Load and Movement Data
7.5.1 When required, the maximum load to be
braced by the assembly shall appear on the
drawing. When special loading conditions are
considered, these loads shall also be shown.
7.5.2 When spring support hangers, roller
supports or slides are used on the piping system,
the direction and amount of movement shall be
shown. The bracing assembly should allow for
proper movement of pipe hangers and supports.
7.6 Location Plan
7.6.1 Individual brace drawings, where required,
shall show the location of the brace assembly to be
installed relative to the building, support structures
or column lines.
7.7 Identification
7.7.1 Each individual brace assembly drawing
shall have a unique identifying number.
7.7.2 Typical brace assemblies shall have a type
number.
8. INSTALLATION
8.1 All braces shall be installed per the submittal
drawings at the selected or specified locations.
8.2 Installed braces or bracing components shall be
used for their intended purpose. They shall not be used
for rigging or erection purposes.
8.3 When installed, all braces shall be adjusted to
ensure that rigid braces are tight and braces that are
designed to allow for pipe expansion or movement, do
so except as excluded in Subsection 4.13.
9. INSPECTION
9.1 Bracing assemblies should be verified against the
submittal drawing to assure that all components have
been installed and are in their proper position for their
intended function.
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

9.2 Threaded components of brace assemblies should

be checked for proper thread engagement.

9.3 Locking nuts on threaded components, cotter pins

and locking devices should be properly engaged.

10.

10.1 When the installer has responsibility for design or

selection of anchors, guides, brackets, etc. anticipated
horizontal seismic, wind, or other dynamic forces should
be considered. This may allow standard products to be
used as gravity supports and also serve as braces.

10.2 FIGURE 6 shows ypes of standard pipe hangers

and supports that may naturally provide bracing or
lateral support to piping systems, provided the supports
are analyzed or load rated to determine if they possess
sufficient strength to act as braces.

10.3 Brackets, anchors and guides which are also being

considered as lateral and longitudinal braces shall be
checked to ensure that the additional expected loads
generated by seismic, wind, or other dynamic loading do
not exceed the maximum load ratings for the pipe
hanger/support in all directions. Often, providing a
U-bolt to a bracket can meet the requirement of a lateral
brace. Floor stands must be analyzed for stability.

10.4 Sleeves/penetrations are provided to allow piping

to pass through walls and slabs. When the clearance
between the pipe and the sleeve/penetration is less than
1/2 inch (13 mm), the sleeve/penetration may act as a
lateral brace if the wall is verified by purchasers
engineer to possess sufficient strength. Sleeves/
penetrations through gypsum board, even if tight, are not
to be considered adequate braces.

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

TABLE 1 Minimum Design Load Ratings For Brace Assemblies

Notes:
Ratings at Normal
Temperature Range 1. Applicable to all components of the complete bracing
-
assembly including pipe attachments, brace member,
mm Pounds Newtons
building attachments and hardware.
15 50 23
2. See MSS SP-58 Section 4 for allowable stresses and
20 75 34
temperatures.
25 75 34
3. Normal temperature range is -20" F to 650" F (-29" C to
32 150 68
343" C) for carbon steel and -20" F to 450" F (-29" C to
40 150 68 23 1" C) for cast and malleable iron.
50 150 68
4. See Section 6 for minimum rod diameter restriction on braces
65 150 68
for trapeze hangers.
80 150 68
5. For loads greater than those tabulated, brace component load
90 150 68
ratings shall be established by the manufacturer. Design shall
1O0 170 77 be in accordance with all criteria as outlined in MSS SP-58.
125 240 109
6. Pipe attachment ratings for temperature ranges between 650"
150 320 145 F to 750" F (343" C to 398" C) shall be reduced by the ratio
200 510 232 of allowable stress at service temperature to the allowable
250 750 34 1 stresses at 650" F (343" C).
300 1020 464 7. For services over 750" F (398" C), attachment in direct
350 1230 559 contact with the pipe shall be designed to allowable stresses
400 1600 727 listed in MSS SP-58 Tables 2 and A2.
450 2020 918 8. Minimum design loads are based upon a 10 foot span of
500 2440 1109 schedule 40 water filled steel pipe. With a minimum design
600 3460 1573 load of not less than 150 pounds for NPS 1V4 thm 31/2 and not
750 5110 2323 less than the friction force associated with the slip through a
strut clamp for NPS 1 and less.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

CALCULATING SEISMIC FORCE (F,)

To calculate horizontal seismic force use the following formula:

F, = C, W,
Where:
F, is the horizontal seismic force (lbs)
C, is the seismic factor expressed as a multiple of the gravity force constant (8) applicable to the project.
W, is the total weight of piping including contents, insulation, valves, fittings, etc., as applicable.

TABLE 2 Total Piping Weight, Wp, In Pounds (Lbs)

5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 80
18 22 25 29 32 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 288
2 5.1 26 31 36 41 46 51 77 102 128 153 179 204 408
2'12 7.9 40 47 55 63 71 79 119 158 198 237 277 316 632
3 10.8 54 65 76 86 97 108 162 216 270 324 378 432 864

10 I 74.6 I 373 I 448 I 522 I 597 I 671 I 746 I 1119 1 1492 I I

1865 2238 1 2611 I 2984 I 5968
I 12 I 102.0 I 510 I 612 I 714 I 816 I 918 1 1020 I 1530 I 2040 I 2550 I 3060 1 3570 I 4080 I 8160 I
14 122.1 611 733 855 971 1099 1221 1832 2442 3053 3663 4274 4884 9768
16 159.3 797 956 1115 1274 1434 1593 2390 3186 3983 4779 5576 6372 12744
18 201.8 1009 1211 1413 1614 1816 2018 3027 4036 5045 6054 7063 8072 16144
20 243.3 1217 1460 1703 1946 2190 2433 3650 4866 6083 7299 8516 9732 19464
24 345.5 1728 2073 2419 2764 3110 3455 5183 6910 8638 10365 12093 13820 27640
30 510.6 2553 3064 3574 4085 4595 5106 7659 10212 12765 15318 17871 20424 40848

Notes:
1. TABLE 2 gives the water filled weight of schedule 40 steel piping for the noted spans. This table must be modified
for other pipe types and to include the weight of additional materials such as insulation, valves, fittings, etc.
2. The seismic factor (C,) is normally conveyed in the project specifications. When not available in this manner it is
recommended that a request be made that it be provided by the project design engineer. If necessary, this information
may be obtained from the applicable building code in the structural forces chapter and depends on many variables:
geographic (zone), soil type, building type, system type, etc. Prior confirmation on its use, when obtained in this
manner, should be obtained from the owner.

Example:
Determine the horizontal seismic force (FJ for a 4" pipe with braces every 40', using a seismic factor (C,) of .25g.
F,= C, W,
F, =(.25)(652 lbs) = 163 lbs

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STDSMSS S P - 3 2 7 - E N G L 2DU3 5 7 7 0 b l i 0 0503508 780

MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

CALCULATING SEISMIC FORCE (F,)

To calculate horizontal seismic force use the following formula:

F, = C, W,
Where:
F, is the horizontal seismic force (N)
C, is the seismic factor expressed as a multiple of the gravity force constant (8) applicable to the project.
W, is the total weight of piping including contents, insulation, valves, fittings, etc., as applicable.

ABLE A2 Total Piping Weight, W,, In Newtons (N)

Distance between lateral or longitudinal braces (m)

Notes:
1. TABLE A2 gives the water filled weight of schedule 40 steel piping for the noted spans. This table must be
modified for other pipe types and to include the weight of additional materials such as insulation, valves, fittings, etc.
2. The seismic factor (C,) is normally conveyed in the project specifications. When not available in this manner, it is
recommended that a request be made that it be provided by the project design engineer. If necessary, this information
may be obtained from the applicable building code in the structural forces chapter and depends on many variables:
geographic (zone), soil type, building type, system type, etc. Prior confirmation on its use, when obtained in this
manner, should be obtained from the owner.

Example:
Determine the horizontal seismic force (F,) for a DN1.50 pipe with braces every IOm, using a seismic factor (C,) of
.25g.
F,= C , W,
F, =(.2.5)(4597) = 1149 N

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 S T D - M S S SP-LZ7-ENGL 2001 5770b4U 0503507 bL7 =
MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

18.00 114 137 159 182 205 228 341 455 569 683 796 910 1820
20.00 126 152 177 202 228 253 379 506 632 759 885 1011 2023
24.00 152 182 212 243 273 303 455 607 759 910 1062 1214 2427

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

Outside
Diameter Distance between lateral braces (m)
(mm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25
48 35 70 105 140 175 210 245 280 315 350 525 700 875
60 44 88 132 175 219 263 307 351 395 439 658 877 1097
73 53 106 159 212 265 318 372 425 478 531 796 1062 1327

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

TABLE 4 Load Values For Fasteners

TABLE 4.1 Load Data And Torque Values For Bolts
Stress Max. Load Man. Load Bolt Torque In Foot Pounds
Sue Area In Tension In Shear Thread Surface
(in) in2 Obd ( W Lubed Plain Zn Plated
'I4 0.0318 380 300 4 6 7
3/53 0.0775 930 740 16 22 24

Size Max. Load in Tension Max. Load in Shear

, (in) Obs) ( W Notes:
'153 615 675 1. These values represent minimum typical anchor capacities.
'12 1040 1130
5/53 1535 1580 2. A typical embedment depth for expansion anchors is 8 times
314 2020 2270 the bolt diameter.
718 3705 5060 3. Always follow specific manufacturers data and instructions.

Size Max. Load in Tension Max. Load in Shear (Ibs)

(in) (ibs per inch of embedment Parallel to Grain Perpendicular to Grain

Notes:
1. Assumes a specific gravity, SG, of .51 minimum.
2. 3/8 through 5/8" lag bolts must have a minimum embedment of 3" for shear loads; 3/4" must have a minimum
embedment of 5".
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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

TABLE A4.1 Load Data And Torque Values For Metric Bolts
Stress Max. Load Max.Load I Bolt Toraue In Newton Meters M-m

24 x 3 353.0 29 23 393 526 578

30 x 3.5 561.0 46 37 782 1,043 1,146
36 x 4 817.0 68 54 1.368 i 324 2.006

Notes:
1. Values are for carbon steel with a minimum tensile strength of 414 MPa. Allowable shear stress is 82.8 MPa.
2. Shear values are 80% of tension.
3 . Metric thread pitch is indicated by size.
4. Values are valid for temperatures up to 343" C.
5 . Torque values are based on fixed head and nut being turned. If head is turned and nut is fixed, increase values by 20%.
6. The torque values result in clamping loads (pre-load) greater than the maximum allowed load in tension. This reduces
fatigue and the loosening of the bolthut connection.
7. For propnetarybranded fasteners, use manufacturer's torque recommendations.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

FIGURE 1 Cable (Wire Rope) Brace Requirements

1 TYPICAL BRACE CONFIGURATION

Anchor Point i Ceiling Attachment

.-.
Cable Brace Assembly
Tension ._-
. to - onlv
he -...I moiioh
] Wire Rope
to remove sag from cable

i Wire Rope Clips

Clevis Hanger With

Cross Rod Spacer

CLIP ATTACHMENT AND LOAD RATINGS

I y Wire Rope Thimble
Middle Clip required on 1/z cable

Wire Rope Clip

1 Wire Rope Dia. A

If

*Consult cable manufacturer for design strength load value.

Design strength based on 7x19 galvanized cables with a safety factor of 5.0 applied to the breaking strength. A
lesser factor of safety may be used for pre-stretched cables or other cable types as allowed by the authority having
jurisdiction.
ALTERNATE END FITTINGS
I VXZiZii
Wire Rope Socket Spelter or Resin Attachment Wire Rope Socket Swaged

Wedge Socket

Loop or Thimble Splice Hand Tucked

s Varies With Rope Size
Check with manufacturer for recommended fitting strength.
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FIGURE 2 Typical Brace Members And Allowable Loads

~
TYPE / SIZE
1 Least
Radius I Maximum
Length
of(;vi-dtionin (Ur = 200)
1 Maximum Horizontal Load Obs)

30-44
Angle from Vertical
I 45-59 I 60-90
Pipe (Schedule 40)
1 in. 0.420 7 ft. O in. 1591 2250 2755
i 114 in. 0.540 9 ft. O in. 2154 3046 373 1
1112 in. I 0.623 I 10ft.4in. I 2573 I 3638 I 4456 I
Pipe (Schedule 10)
1 in. 0.430 7 fi. 2 in. 1330 1881 2303
1114 in. 0.550 9 ft. 2 in. 1710 2418 2961
1112 in. 0.634 10 ft. 7 in. 1974 2791 3419
2 in. 0.802 13 ft. 4 in. 2495 3529 4322

1112 x 1112x 114 in. 0.292 I 4 ft. 10 in. I 2215 I 3133 I 3837
2 x 2 x 1' 4 in. 0.391 6 ft. 6 in. 3020 4271 523 1
2112 x 2112 x 114 in. 0.491 8 A. 2 in. 3832 5419 6637
3 x 3 x 114 in. 0.592 9 fi. 10 in. 4637 6557 803 1
Threaded Rod
318 in. 0.094 I 1 fi. 7 in. 219 I 309 I 379
112 in. I 0.125 I 2ft. 1 in. I 406 I 574 I 703 I
518 in. I 0.156 I 2ft.7in. I 651 I 920 I 1127 I
3/4 in. 0.188 I 3 ft. i in. I 973 I 1376 I 1685
1 in. 0.250 I 4 ft. 2 in. I 1775 I 2510 I 3075 I

Flat Bar
1112 x 114 in. 0.072 1 R. 2 in. 1207 1708 2091
2 x 114 in. 0.072 1 ft. 2 in. 1610 2277 2789
2 x 31s in. I
0.109 I
1 ft. 9 in. I
2415 I
3415 I
4183
12 Ga. Strut Channel I

Cable Assemblies NIA I No length limit

114 in. 490 693 849
5/16in. 750 1061 1299
318 in. 1095 1548 1897
7/16 in. 1485 2100 2572
112 in. 1925 I 2722 I 3334 I
Notes:
1. Maximum loads are based on the compression (buckling) capacity of the axially loaded brace member (except
for cable assemblies).
2. Loads include a 1.11 safety factor against buckling at the maximum brace length, except for strut channels that
include a safety factor of 2.
3. Horizontal loads are based on the smallest angle listed.
* Some jurisdictions may require back-to-back channels to be MIG welded rather than spot welded.

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FIGURE A2 Typical Brace Members And Allowable Loads, Metric Units

Maximum Maximum Horizontal Load (kN)

Length Angle from Vertical
TYPE / SIZE (m) 30-44 45-59 60-90
Pipe (Schedule 40)
1 in. 2.13 7.10 10.00 12.30
1114 in. 2.14
2.74 9.60 13.50 16-60
16.60
1112 in. 3.15 11.40 16.20 19.80
2 in. 3.99 15.30 21.70 26.50
Pipe (Schedule 10)
1 in. 2.18 5.90 8.40 10.20
1114 in. 2.79 7.60 10.80 13.20

2 x 2 x '14 in. 1.98 13.40 19.00 23.30

2112 x 2112 x 114 in. 2.49 17.00 24.10 29.50
3 x 3 x 114 in. 3.00 20.60 29.20 35.70
Threaded Rod
318 in. 0.48 1.o0 1.40 1.70
112 in. 0.64 1.80 2.60 3.10
518 in. 0.79 2.90 4.10 5.00
314 in. 0.94 4.30 6.10 7.50
1 in. 1.27 7.90 11.20 13.70
Flat Bar
1112 x 114 in. 0.36 5.40 7.60 9.30
2 x 114 in. 0.36 7.20 10.10 12.40
2 x 31s in. 0.53 10.70 15.20 18.60
I
I I I I
12 Ga. Strut Channel I

Notes:
l. Maximum loads are based on the compression (buckling) capacity of the axially loaded brace member (except
for cable assemblies).
2. Loads include a 1.11 safety factor against buckling at the maximum brace length, except for stnit channels that
include a safety factor of 2.
3. Horizontal loads are based on the smallest angle listed.
* Some jurisdictions may require back-to-back channels to be MIG welded rather than spot welded.

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

FIGURE 3 Typical Brace And Pipe Hanger Attachments

2-Bolt Pipe Clamp Strut Clamp U-Bolt

I

3c

Pipe Strap Trapeze Brace Double U-Bolt

3e

Attachment to Roll Hanger Attachment to Clevis Hanger 3-Bolt Pipe Clamp

A

3i

2-Way Brace Attached Attachment to J-Hanger Longitudinal Brace

to Extension Hanger \ Attached to 2-Bolt Clamp

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S T D - M S S SP-227-ENGL 2001 5770b40 050L517 793 W

MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

FIGURE 4 Typical Brace Structure Attachments

Forged Beam Clamp Adjustable Beam Clamp Concrete Plate

4a 4c

Weld Lug Lag Boit in Wood Steel Clevis

4f

Concrete Deck Clip Angle Steel Beam Clamp

4g

Pipe Brace Attachment I-Beam Clamps Cast-In-Place Insert

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

FIGURE 5 Typical Rod Stiffener Components

U-Bolt With Channel Strut Corner Channel Nut

5a

Steel Angle With Clip Channel Strut Nut

5c 5d

~~~ .
. ~~~

I ~~~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~

1 . Rod stiffener assembly is not required if rod length is less

than the maximum length specified for threaded rod in figures
2 and A2.
2. A minimum of 2 clips is required per assembly.
3. Stiffeners are required only on hanger rods at brace locations.

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FIGURE 6 Pipe Supports That Also Act As Braces

Pipe Cradle Anchor Clamp Anchor Chair

I Double Roller Floor Stand Offset Clamp

6e 6f UP

Spider Guide Slide

Strut Wall Bracket U-Bolt Wall Bracket

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STD-MSS SP-AZ7-ENGL 2001 5770640 0503520 288 D

MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

Annex A Rod Hanger Size For Braced Hangers

CASE 1. CASE 2.

FT

-k-FT
I

t
w
t
W
Force in hanger rods: Force in hanger rods:

max. tension =
W F w
- + 2= - (lH+ CJT) max. tension =
W + FT = w
- (* +
2 2 2 2

max. compression* =
W FT w
-- - = - ( I H
2 2 2
max. compression* = 2
-- (k
FT = w -- Cs 1r )

Force in braces: Force in braces:

max. tension = 1.414Fr = 1.414CswZ,

max. compression = 0.707FT= 0.707csW& max. compression = 1.414Fr = 1.414CswZ7

CASE 3. KEY:

'
w = weight of system (lbs/fl)
lH = hanger support spacing (fi)
W = total weight at each support (lbs)
- 'r F,
w =wlfl
t IT= transverse brace spacing (fi)
W
Force in hanger rods: IL = longitudinal brace spacing (fi)
C, = seismic force value (g's)
max. tension = W+Fr=w(ZH+CSI,)
F,= Transverse seismic Force (lbs)
max. compression* = W - F r = w (ZH- CSlr) FT= CSWIT
Force in braces: FL= Longitudinal seismic Force (lbs)
FL = CSWIL
max. tension = 1.414Fr= 1.414Csw17

max. compression = 1.414FT= 1.414CswZ,

Notes:
The above formulae determine forces for transverse braces. Substitute I, for I , to determine forces for longitudinal
braces.
* Compression results if negative 21

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

Annex B Typical Brace Assembly Drawing

9
o
CI E
7 $
a

6
n

V A

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S T D - M S S SP-127-ENGL 2001 5770b40 0503522 O50

MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

Annex C Referenced Standards And Applicable Dates

This Annex is an integral part of this standard practice
which is placed after the main text for convenience.
ASME. ANSUASME. ANSI. ASMEJANSI
B 1.1-1989 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)

ASTM
A 307-2000 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 O00 PSI Tensile Strength
A 492-1995 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Rope Wire
A 603-1998 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Structural Wire Rope

MSS
SP-58-1993 Pipe Hangers and Supports- Materials, Design and Manufacture
SP-69-1996 Pipe Hangers and Supports- Selection and Application
SP-89-1998 Pipe Hangers and Supports- Fabrication and Installation Practices

NFPA
13-1999 Installation of Sprinkler Systems

SAE
5429-1999 Mechanical and Material Requirements for Externally Threaded Fasteners

Publications of the following organizations appear in the above list:

ANSI American National Standards Institute

11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036 Ph: (212) 354-3300

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Ph: (800) 843-2763

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

100 Barr Harbor Drive, Conshohocken, PA 19428 Ph: (610) 832-9500

MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, VA 22180 Ph: (703) 281-6613

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

One Baterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269 Ph: (800) 344-3555

SAE Society of Automotive Engineers International

400 Commonweatlth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096 Ph: (724) 772-7168

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MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-127

LIST OF MSS STANDARD PRACTICES

(Price List Available Upon Request)
Number
SP-6-2001 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings
SP-9.2001 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges
SP-25-1998 Standard Marking System For Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions
SP-42-1999 (R 95) Class 150 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends
SP-43-1991 (R 01) Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-welding Fittings
SP-44-1996 Steel Pipeline Flanges
SP-45- i 998 Bypass and Drain Connections
SP-5 1-2000 (R 95) Class 15OLW Corrosion Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged Fittings
SP-53-1999 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Magnetic Particle Examination Method
SP-54-1999 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Radiographic Examination Method
SP-55- 1996 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Visual Method for Eval. of Surface Irreplantim
SP-58-1993 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design and Manufacture
SP-60-I999 Connecting Flange Joint Between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping Valves
SP-61- I999 Pressure Testing of Steel Valves
SP-65-1999 High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets
SP-67-1995 Butterfly Valves
SP-68-1997 High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
SP-69-1996 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application
SP-70-1998 Cast Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-71-1997 Gray Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-72-1992 Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-welding Ends for General Service
SP-73-1991 (R 96) Brazing Joints for Wrought and Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-75- I998 Specificationfor High Test Wrought Butt Welding Fittings
SP-77- 1995 Guidelines for Pipe Support Contractual Relationships
SP-78-1998 (R 92) Cast Iron Plug Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-79-1999a Socket-Welding Reducer inserts
SP-80-1997 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves
SP-81-1995 Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged, Knife Gate Valves
SP-82-1992 Valve Pressure Testing Methods
SP-83-1995 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
SP-85-1994 Cast Iron Globe & Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-86-1997 Guidelines for Metric Data in Standards for Valves, Flanges, Fittings and Actuators
SP-87-1991 (R 96) Factory-Made Butt-welding Fittings for Class i Nuclear Piping Applications
SP-88-i 993 Diaphragm Type Valves
SP-89-1998 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Fabrication and InstallationPractices
SP-90-1986 (R 91) Guidelines on Terminology for Pipe Hangers and Supports
SP-9 1-1 992 (R 96) Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves
SP-92-1999 (R 92) MSS Valve User Guide
SP-93-1999 (R 92) Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Liquid Penetrant Examination Method
SP-94-1999 -
Quality Sd for Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components Ultrasonic Examination Method
SP-95-2000 (R 91) Swage (d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
SP-96-1996 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
SP-97-1995 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket Welding, Threaded and ButtweldingEnds
SP-98-1996 Protective Coatings for the Interior of Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings
SP-99-1994 Instrument Valves
SP-loo- 1997 QualificationRequirementsfor Elastomer Diaphragms for Nuclear Service Diaphragm Type Valves
SP-lOI-l989 Part-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment - Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and PerformanceCharacteristics
SP-I 02- i989 Multi-Tun Valve Actuator Attachment - Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-I 03- I995 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Insert Fittings for Polybutylene Systems
SP-I 04-I995 Wrought Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-I 05- I996 Instrument Valves for Code Applications
SP-I 06- I990 (R 96) Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class 125, I50 and 300
SP-I 07- 1991 Transition Union Fittings for Joining Metal and Plastic Products
SP-108-1996 Resilient-SeatedCast Iron-EccentricPlug Valves
SP-I 09- I996 Welded Fabricated Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP- i i 0-1996 Ball Valves Threaded, Socket-Welding, Solder Joint, Grooved and Flared Ends
SP-I i I- I996 Gray-Iron and Ductile-Iron Tapping Sleeves
SP-112-1999 Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes - Visual and Tactile Method. This SP must be sold with a IO-surface, three-dimensional Cast Surface Comparator,
which is a necessary part of the Standard.
Price for both is $43.00. Standards or Comparatorsmay be sold separately at $25,00 each.
Same quantity discounts apply on total order.
SP-iI3-2M)l Connecting Joint between Tapping Machines and Tapping Valves
SP- 1 14-i 995 Corrosion Resistant Pipe Fittings Threaded and Socket Welding, Class 150 and 1000
SP-I 15-1999 Excess Flow Valves for Natural Gas Service
SP- i 16-1996 Service Line Valves and Fittings for Drinking Water Systems
SP-i i 7-1996 Bellows Seals for Globe and Gate Valves
SP-I i 8-1996 Compact Steel Globe & Check Valves - Flanged, Flangeless, Threaded & Welding Ends (Chemical & Petroleum Refinery Service)
SP- i i 9- 1996 Belled End Socket Welding Fittings, Stainless Steel and Copper Nickel
SP- 120-1997 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Steel Valves (Design Requirements)
SP- 121-1997 QualificationTesting Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves
SP- 122-1997 Plastic Industrial Ball Valves
SP- 123-1998 Non-Ferrous Threaded and Solder-Joint Unions for Use With Copper Water Tube
SP- 124-2001 Fabricated Tapping Sleeves
SP-125-2000 Gray Iron and Ductile Iron In-Line, Spring-Loaded, Center-Guided Check Valves
SP-126-2000 Steel In-Line Spring-AssistedCenter Guided Check Valves
SP- 127-200I Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic-Wmd-Dynamic Design, Selection,Application
(R-YEAR) Indicates year standard reaffirmed without substantive changes
A large number of former MSS Practices have been approved by the ANSI or ANSI Standards,published by others. In order to maintain a single source of authoritative information,
the MSS withdraws its Standard Practices in such cases.
Manufacturers Standardization Sociey of the Valve and Fittings Indusry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, VA 22180-4620 (703) 281-6613 Fax # (703) 281-6671

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