Module 4: OS

Multiprocessing: more than one processor. Multiprogramming: single processor

divided its time between more than one jobs. Time sharing is a special Case of
multiprogramming

Multitasking: a system that runs or appears to run more than one application
programs one time. An effective multitasking environment provides many services
both to the user and the application program it runs.

Time sharing system: CPU switches rapidly from one user to another. It provides
an impression to the user that he has standalone computer while it is actually one
computer shared among many users.

Round robin scheduling Algorithm. Example: Multics, UNIX, CTSS and Cal

Main feature: Memory mgt, Device management and file management.

Real Time OS: A real time Os has a well defined, fixed time constrains. Processing
must be done within the defined constrains or the system call will fail. Example:
MARUTI (by University of Maryland), VRTX(versatile Real-time Executive by Hunter
and Ready Inc.), HART (Hexagonal Architecture for RTS by University of Michigan) It
supports Priority based preemptive scheduling algorithm.

Network OS: It is defined as a collection of S/w and associated protocols that allow
a set of autonomous computers, which are interconnected by a computer network
to be used together in a convenient and cost-effective manner. Example: BSD
(BERKLEY SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION), ms lan manager, Windows-NT, Unix. No
transparency

Distributed OS: key concept transparency. Users are not aware of where their
programs are being executed or where their files residing. Example: Amoeba, Alpha
Kernel, Chorus. Location transparency , Access transparency, Failure transparency, reliability