LINUX + Introduction Arvind Kalyan 9996870071

INTRODUCTION

1. Linux is a computer operating system assembled under the model of free and
open source software development and distribution. Linux kernel was first
released October 5, 1991 by Linus Torvalds.

2. Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel x86-based
personal computers. It is a leading operating system on servers and other big
iron systems such as mainframe computers and supercomputers: more than
90% of today's top 500 supercomputers run some variant of Linux, including the
10 fastest.

3. Linux also runs on embedded systems (devices where the operating system is
typically built into the firmware and highly tailored to the system) such as
mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, televisions and video game
consoles; the Android system in wide use on mobile devices is built on the Linux
kernel.

4. Linux distributions have long been used as server operating systems, and have
risen to prominence in that area; Netcraft reported in September 2006 that
eight of the ten most reliable internet hosting companies ran Linux distributions
on their web servers. Since June 2008, Linux distributions represented five of
the top ten, FreeBSD three of ten, and Microsoft two of ten; since February
2010, Linux distributions represented six of the top ten, FreeBSD two of ten,
and Microsoft one of ten.

5. Linux systems are used in every domain, from embedded systems to

supercomputers, and have secured a place in server installations often using the
popular LAMP application stack. Use of Linux distributions in home and
enterprise desktops has been growing. They have also gained popularity with
various local and national governments.

6. The Indian state of Kerala has gone to the extent of mandating that all state
high schools run Linux on their computers.

7. The federal government of Brazil is well known for its support for Linux.

8. News of the Russian military creating its own Linux distribution has also
surfaced, and has come to fruition as the G.H.ost Project.

Arvind ---- Arvind.ceh@gmail.com 1