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Etap Transient PDF
Etap Transient PDF
PowerStation 4.0
User Guide
Copyright 2001
Operation Technology, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
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this publication or any other documents referenced in this publication.
This chapter describes different tools to assist you in running transient stability studies. An overview on
the basics of transient stability study is also provided.
This chapter is organized into 8 sections. The Transient Stability Toolbar section explains how you can
launch a transient stability calculation, open and view an output report, select display options, and view
plots. The Study Case Editor section explains how to create a new study case, to define parameters for a
study case, to create a sequence of switching events and disturbances, to globally define machine
dynamical modeling method, to select plot/tabulation devices, etc. The Display Options section explains
what options are available for displaying some key system parameters and the output results on the one-
line diagram, and how to set them. The Calculation Methods section provides some theoretical
backgrounds and quick reference for the fundamentals on transient stability study, which are very helpful
for users who do not have extensive experience on running transient stability studies. The Required Data
section is a very good reference for you to check if you have prepared all necessary data for transient
stability calculations. These data range from the system side, such as bus and branch information, to the
machine side, such as machine model and parameters, exciter model and parameters, and governor model
and parameters. The Output Reports section explains and demonstrates the format and organization of the
transient stability text reports. The One-Line Diagram Displayed Results section explains the available
one-line displaying results and provides one example. The Plots section explains what plots for transient
stability are available and how to select and view them.
Display Options
Report Manager
Display Options
Click the Display Options button to customize the one-line diagram annotation options under the
transient stability study mode. Also to edit the one-line diagram display for transient stability calculation
results. See Display Options for more information.
Report Manager
Click on Report Manager button to select a format and view transient stability output report. Transient
stability analysis reports are current provided in ASCII formats only, which can be accessed from the
Report Manager.
You can also select output files from the Output Report list box.
This list contains all the output files in the current project folder with the same file extension specified.
To change output file extensions, you can click on the List Output Reports button next to the Output
Report list box, which will allow you to select a different output file extension.
The output reports for transient stability studies have a .tsr extension.
PowerStation text output reports can be viewed by any word processor such as Notepad, WordPad, and
Microsoft Word. Currently, by default, the output reports are viewed by Notepad. You can change the
default viewer in the ETAPS.INI file to the viewer of your preference. Refer to Chapter 1, Product
Description, or Chapter 7, Printing & Plotting for more details.
The output reports are 132 characters wide with 66 lines per page. For the correct formatting and
pagination of output reports, you MUST modify the default settings of your word processor application.
For Notepad, WordPad, and Microsoft Word applications we have recommend settings that are explained
in Chapter 7, Printing & Plotting.
As a part of the multi-dimensional database concept of PowerStation, study cases can be used for any
combination of the three major system toolbar components, i.e. for any configuration status, one-line
diagram presentation, and Base/Revision Data.
When you are in the Transient Stability Analysis mode, you can access the Transient Stability Study Case
Editor by clicking on the Study Case button on the Transient Stability Toolbar. You can also access this
editor from the Project View by clicking on the Transient Stability subfolder under the Study Cases
folder.
To create a new study case, go to the Project View, right-click on the Transient Stability Study Case
folder, and select Create New. The program will then create a new study case, which is a copy of the
default study case, and adds it to the Transient Stability Study Case folder.
The Transient Stability Study Case Editor consists of four pages: Info Page, Events Page, Dyn Model
Page, and Plot Page.
Study Case ID
Study case ID is shown in this entry field. You can rename a study case by simply deleting the old ID
and entering a new ID. Study case ID can be up to 12 alphanumeric characters. Use the Navigator button
at the bottom of the editor to go from one study case to another.
Max Iteration
Enter the maximum number of iterations. If the solution has not converged at the specified number of
iterations, the program will stop and inform the user. The recommended and default value is 2000.
Solution Precision
Enter the value for the solution precision that is used to check for convergence. This value determines
how precise you want the final solution to be. The default (and recommended) value is 0.000001.
Accel. Factor
Enter the convergence acceleration factor to be used between iterations. Typical values are between 1.2
and 1.7. The default value is 1.45.
Solution Parameters
Initial Loading
In the Initial Loading block of the Transient Stability Study Case Editor, you can specify the system
initial operating loads by selecting a loading. The initial loading conditions will establish an initial
normal operation condition for the transient stability studies.
Loading Category
Select one of the ten loading categories for this study case. With the selection of any category,
PowerStation uses the percent loading of individual motors and other loads as specified for the selected
category. Note that you can assign loading to each one of the ten categories in the Nameplate page,
Loading page, or Rating page for most load components. Harmonic Filter loading is calculated from its
parameters.
Operating Load
Check this option to operate P and Q as specified in the relevant component editors.
Charger Loading
Load Category
Select this option to use the P and Q specified in the Loading Category section of the Charger Editor for
chargers.
Operating Load
Select this option to use the P and Q as specified in the Operating Load section of the Charger Editor. If
this option is selected, a DC load flow calculation is required to run first in order to estimate the charger
load.
None
Select None to use the percent loading of each load as entered for the selected Loading Category, i.e., no
diversity factor is considered.
Bus Maximum
When the Bus Maximum option is selected, the loading of all motors and other loads will be multiplied
by the maximum diversity factor of the bus, which they are directly connected to. Using this option, you
can define the initial loading for transient stability studies with each bus having a different maximum
diversity factor.
This study option is helpful when the future loading of the electrical system has to be considered and each
bus may have a different maximum diversity factor.
Bus Minimum
When the Bus Minimum option is selected, the loading of all motors and other loads will be multiplied by
the bus minimum diversity factor of the bus that they are directly connected to. Using this option, you
can define the initial loading for transient stability studies with each bus having a different minimum
diversity factor.
This study option may be used to see the effect of transformer taps and capacitors (if any) on the system
voltages under a minimum (light) loading condition.
Global
When this option is selected, PowerStation will ask you to enter global diversity factors for constant kVA
and constant Z loads, respectively. When you select this option, PowerStation will globally multiply all
constant kVA and constant Z loads of the selected loading category with the entered values. When using
this option, you can define the initial loading for transient stability analysis studies with fixed diversity
factors for all loads.
Note that a constant kVA load diversity factor of 125% implies that the constant kVA loads of all buses
are increased 25% above their values as specified by the selected loading category. This value can be
smaller or greater than 100%.
Events
In this list, all events are displayed in their time order to give you a clear picture of the event sequence in
this study. The active events are marked by '*' and are listed first, followed by those which are inactive.
Event ID
The Event ID is a unique name with a maximum length of 12 alphanumeric characters.
Time
This is the time when the associated event occurs. The unit is in second.
Add (Event)
A new event can be added by clicking on the Add (Event) button and opening the Event Editor.
Active
Select this option to make an event active. Clicking on the box again will make the event inactive. Only
active events will be included in the study.
Edit (Event)
Click on the Edit (Event) button to open the Event Editor and edit an existing event. You can also
double-click on an event in the Event list to activate the Event Editor.
Delete (Event)
Delete an existing event from the list.
Actions
Each event can encapsulate a number of actions (system changes or disturbances). When you select an
event by highlighting that event in the Event list, the actions associated with that event will be displayed
in the Action list. Each action is composed of the information of the Device Type, the Device ID, and an
Action. Note that the event ID is displayed on top of the Action list for your reference.
Device Type
The type of device that is going to take an action.
Device ID
The ID of the device that is going to take an action.
Action
The action to be taken by the specified device and the device type. The following is a table showing
device types and their associated actions:
Add (Action)
A new action can be added by clicking on the Add (Action) button and opening the Action Editor. Select
a device type from the Device Type drop-down list. Select the device ID from the Device ID drop-down
list. Select an action from the Action drop-down list.
Edit (Action)
Click on the Edit (Action) button to edit an existing action. You can also double-click on a listed action
to bring up the Action Editor.
Delete (Action)
Delete an existing action.
A machine will be dynamically modeled if you have specified a dynamic model in its editor and you
select to globally model that motor group from this page.
Machine Type
Syn. Motors, MV
The machine group consisting of all synchronous motors, which are medium voltage (rated above 1.0
kV).
Syn. Motors, LV
The machine group consisting of all synchronous motors that are low voltage (rated less than or equal to
1.0 kV).
Ind. Machines, MV
The machine group consisting of all induction machines that are medium voltage (above 1.0 kV).
Ind. Machines, LV
The machine group consisting of all induction machines that are low voltage (rated less than or equal to
1.0 kV).
Dynamic Modeling
Do Not Model
If selected, the corresponding machine group will not be dynamically modeled in the transient stability
study for this study case, regardless of dynamic models specified for individual machines.
Note that for the machine to be dynamically modeled, it should also have a dynamic model specified for it
from its editor.
HP/kW
Specify the size of machines (in HP or kW) for the selected machine group to be dynamically modeled.
Generator Start-Up
Specify special frequency dependent models for generator start-up studies here.
Device Type
Select a device type.
Syn. Generators
The machine group consisting of all synchronous generators.
Syn. Motors, MV
The machine group consisting of all dynamically modeled synchronous motors, which are rated above 1.0
kV.
Syn. Motors, LV
The machine group consisting of all dynamically modeled synchronous motors which are rated equal to
or less than 1.0 kV.
Ind. Machines, MV
The machine group consisting of all dynamically modeled induction machines, which are rated above 1.0
kV.
Ind. Machines, LV
The machine group consisting of all dynamically modeled induction machines which are rated equal to or
less than 1.0 kV.
Buses
The device group consisting of all buses.
MOVs
The device group consisting of all MOVs with initially open or closed status.
Branches
The device group, consisting of all different types of branches, with the exception of tie circuit breakers
(protective devices).
Plot Options
Once a machine or device group is selected, all devices in that group will be displayed in the Plot Options
list for you to select.
Device ID
Device IDs for the selected machine or device group, excluding the non-dynamically modeled machines.
Plot/Tabulation (column)
You can click on this column to select or deselect the plot/tabulation option for a particular device. Once
this option is set, an X will show in this column next to the selected device. By selecting this option,
information for the selected device will be tabulated at the end of the transient stability output report and
stored in the plot file to be plotted.
Color
Select the color for result annotations to be displayed on the one-line diagram.
Show Units
Select the check boxes under this heading to show units for the displayed results.
Bus
Display the calculated voltage and frequency of buses selected for plotting.
Voltage
Bus voltage in kV or in percent of the bus nominal kV.
Frequency
Bus frequency in hertz or in percent of system frequency.
Syn. Machines
Display the calculated power angle and frequency of synchronous generators and motors, which are
selected for plotting from the Study Case.
Power Angle
Machine power (rotor) angle in degrees or radians.
Frequency
Machine frequency in hertz or in percent of system frequency.
Ind. Machines
Speed
Display speed of induction machines (RPM or % Slip), which are selected for plotting from the Study
Case. % Slip = (s - m ) / s
Machine Flows
Specify how the flows will be displayed in (kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar), or (kVA or MVA), or Amp.
Transient Stability Study Results Displayed on the One-Line Diagram at Time 1.38 Seconds
17.3.2 AC Page
This page includes options for displaying info annotations for AC elements.
Color
Select the color for information annotations to be displayed on the one-line diagram.
ID
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the ID of the AC elements on the one-line diagram.
Rating
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the ratings of the AC elements on the one-line
diagram.
kV
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the rated or nominal voltages of the selected
elements on the one-line diagram.
For cables/lines, the kV check box is replaced by the button. Click on this button to display the
cable/line conductor type on the one-line diagram.
A
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the ampere ratings (continuous or full-load ampere)
of the selected elements on the one-line diagram.
For cables/lines, the Amp check box is replaced by the button. Click on this button to display the
cable/line length on the one-line diagram.
Z
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the rated impedance of the selected AC elements on
the one-line diagram.
D-Y
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the connection types of the selected elements on the
one-line diagram. For transformers, the operating tap setting for primary, secondary, and tertiary
windings are also displayed. The operating tap setting consists of the fixed taps plus the tap position of
the LTC.
Composite Motor
Click on this check box to display the AC composite motor IDs on the one-line diagram, then select the
color in which the IDs will be displayed.
Color
Select the color for information annotations to be displayed on the one-line diagram.
ID
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the IDs of the selected AC-DC elements on the one-
line diagram.
Rating
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the ratings of the selected AC-DC elements on the
one-line diagram.
kV
Click on the check boxes under this heading to display the rated or nominal voltages of the selected
elements on the one-line diagram.
A
Click on the check boxes under this heading to display the ampere ratings of the selected elements on the
one-line diagram.
Composite Network
Click on this check box to display the composite network IDs on the one-line diagram, then select the
color in which the IDs will be displayed.
17.3.4 DC Page
This page includes options for displaying info annotations for DC elements.
Color
Select the color for information annotations to be displayed on the one-line diagram.
ID
Select the check boxes to display the IDs of the selected DC elements on the one-line diagram.
Rating
Select the check boxes to display the ratings of the selected DC elements on the one-line diagram.
kV
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the rated or nominal voltages of the selected
elements on the one-line diagram. For cables, the kV check box is replaced by the button. Click on
this button to display the conductor type on the one-line diagram.
A
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the ampere ratings of the selected elements on the
one-line diagram. For cables, the Amp check box is replaced by the button. Click on this button to
display the cable length (one way) on the one-line diagram.
Z
Select the check boxes under this heading to display the impedance values of the cables and impedance
branches on the one-line diagram.
Composite Motor
Click on this check box to display the DC composite motor IDs on the one-line diagram, then select the
color in which the IDs will be displayed.
Because the power system stability is an electromechanical phenomenon, it is thus defined as the ability
of designated synchronous machines in the system to remain in synchronism with one another following
disturbances such as fault and fault removal at various locations in the system. It also indicates the ability
of induction motors in the system to maintain torque to carry load following these disturbances.
The following two equations are often referenced in power system transient stability studies:
The torque equation defines the relationship between the mechanical shaft torque, the stator voltage, the
excitation system, and the rotor angle. Changes in any one of them will cause the rotor angle to readjust
itself to a new position.
The swing equation shows that the solution of the rotor angle is a function of balance between the
mechanical power and the electrical power. Any change in the system that breaks this balance will cause
the rotor angle to undergo a transient and reach a new position in an oscillatory manner. This oscillation
is usually called the rotor angle swing.
Stability Limits
There are two types of stability limit for a power system, namely steady-state stability limit and transient
stability limit.
Short-circuits
Loss of a tie connection to a utility system
Loss of a portion of in-plant co-generation (generator rejection)
Starting a motor that is large relative to the system generating capacity
Switching operations of lines, capacitors, etc.
Impact loading (motors and static loads)
A sudden large step change of load or generation
Area-wide blackout
Interruption of loads
Low-voltage conditions
Damage to equipment
Relay and protective device malfunctions
However, note that each of the above remedies requires careful consideration and we recommend that you
re-run all system studies again, because changes brought by those remedies very likely will impact system
load flow, short-circuit, and motor starting results.
When using actions specified in the Transient Stability Study Case Editor, Action List, the exact time
instant for the action to take place needs to be given. Type of actions in this category includes all the pre-
scheduled operations such as generator start-up and shutdown, generator control mode change, load
addition and rejection, motor acceleration, MOV start and others. When to simulate the system response
for existing events, such as a recorded fault in the system, user also can use this type of action, because
the recorded fault occurring time and duration are known. To specify this type of actions, user first
creates a new event and the event occurring time in the Event Editor of the Transient Stability Study Case
Editor, Event page, as shown below.
Secondly, user can use the Action Editor in the same page to add as many actions as desired for this
event.
A complete list of devices in ETAP PowerStation that can be specified with actions and types of these
actions is given in section 2.2 Events Page, of this chapter, under subsection Actions.
However, in power systems, many actions occur without any pre-acknowledgment, instead, they are
controlled by sensors and relays. For instance, a current relay will trip off circuit breakers once the
measured current by relay exceeds a pre-set value. In another case, a voltage relay can be used to open or
close circuit breakers based on its monitored voltage and comparison with an upper and an lower settings.
These types of action do not have a definite time of happening and are solely depending on the system
dynamic responses and relay settings. They, therefore, have to be implemented using the second method,
i.e., relay controlled actions. To use relay-controlled actions, user need to add a relay and connect it to
the one-line diagram via a PT or CT, depending on type of the relay. Next in relay editor, user specifies
relay-controlled circuit breaker ID, control settings, time delay, and other data related to relay operations.
During the transient stability simulation in time-domain, if a relay setting is met, then its controlled circuit
breaker will take an automatic action. This method avoids requesting to give a pre-defined action time
and is a true resemblance to power system real operating conditions.
Following two pictures give an example of how to use relay-controlled actions. In the first picture,
assuming CB2 and/or CB11 are tripped off due to a fault in transformer T2, thus substation Sub2A-N
losses power. To make a bus transfer for Sub2A-N to the adjacent bus Sub2B, user can place a voltage
relay (27) on bus Sub2A-N to monitor the bus voltage magnitude and close a normally opened tie circuit
breaker Tie CB when it is necessary.
To do so, user can set the voltage relay to pick up under-voltage at 65% and close Tie CB after 0.1 relay
delaying time and what ever the closing cycle by Tie CB itself. Settings for the voltage relay is shown in
the second figure down below.
Bus Data
Bus ID
Nominal kV
Load Diversity Factor (when Loading option is set to Maximum or Minimum diversity factor)
Branch Data
Cable/Transmission Line
Cable or Transmission Line ID
Bus Connections
Type, size, rated kV, # of conductors per phase, and length
Use library data or enter cable's resistance, reactance, and susceptance values
Impedance
Impedance ID
Bus Connections
Resistance, reactance, and susceptance values
Current-Limiting Reactor
Current-Limiting Reactor ID
Bus Connections
X/R ratio, impedance, and tolerance
CT/PT Data
CT/PT ID
Bus or Branch or Source or Load Connections
Rating (Ratio)
Relay Data
Relay ID
CT/PT Connections
Device, CB ID, Action, Delay, Setting, Unit
MOV Data
MOV ID
Bus Connection
Quantity
Initial Status & Associated Demand Factor
Rated kW/hp & kV
Power Factor & Efficiency
Rated Torque
Hammer Blow & Micro Switch Flags
Locked Rotor (LR), No Load (NL), Normal, & Rated Torque (Rated T) Time Duration
Loading Category ID & % Loading
Equipment Cable Data
% Voltage Limit
Power Factor
% Motor Load & % Static Load
Loading Category ID & % Loading
Capacitor Data
Capacitor ID
Bus Connection
Status & Associated Demand Factor
Rated kV
Mvar/Band and # of Bank
Loading Category ID & % Loading
Equipment Cable Data
Harmonic Filter
Harmonic Filter ID
Filter Type
Rated kV & 3-Phase kvar for Capacitors
Xl & Q for Reactors
R, if applicable
Grounding Connection
Grounding Type
UPS Data
UPS ID
Bus Connection
AC Connections
Rated kW/MW & kV
AC Input & Output Rated kV
Power Factor & Efficiency
Loading Category ID & % Loading
VFD Data
VFD ID
Bus Connection
Charger Data
Charger ID
Bus Connections
Status & Associated Demand Factor
AC Ratings
Loading Category ID & % Loading
Inverter Data
Inverter is not Modeled in the Transient Stability Study
Study Case parameters are entered into the Transient Stability Study Case Editor.
Complete Page
From this page you can select the report format that gives you the complete output report. Currently, only
the TextRept format is available.
Input Page
This page provides the formats for different input data. Currently, the formats in this page are not
available for the transient stability study.
Result Page
This page provides the formats for different calculation results. Currently, the formats in this page are not
available for the transient stability study.
Summary Page
This page provides the formats for different summaries from both input data and calculation results.
Currently, the formats in this page are not available for the transient stability study.
Cover Page
This is the first page of the output report. It includes information on the number of different types of
buses, the number of different types of branches, the number of different types of machines; system
parameters such as initial loading category, frequency, and unit system; solution parameters such as
maximum iterations and solution precision; study parameters such as integration time step and plot time
step, as well as output and plot file names.
--------------------------
Number of Buses: 1 1 6 8
Number of Branches: 3 1 0 2 0 0 0 6
Number of Machines: 1 2 2 1 6
Initial Loading: Design
These data are the same as those in load flow output report and thus a sample printout is omitted.
These data are the same as those in load flow output report, thus a sample printout is omitted.
------------ ------------ --- --- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Sub 2B Gen1 GEN 4 13.800 8.824 1.00 24.00 37.00 115.00 34.00 75.00 75.00 15.00
Main Bus Utility UTL 0 34.500 1500.000 2.22 99.98
Sub 2B Syn1 MTR 4 13.200 1.170 0.56 15.38 23.00 110.00 12.00 23.00 108.00 11.00
Bus3 Syn4 MTR 4 13.200 2.982 0.33 15.38 23.00 110.00 12.00 23.00 108.00 11.00
Synch. GEN./MTR Time Constant (sec) H(sec), D(MWpu/Hz) & Sat. Gen./Loading
------------ --- --- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------ ------
Gen1 GEN 4 0.030 5.000 0.050 3.700 1.200 5.00 1.070 1.180 6.300 0.000
Syn1 MTR 4 0.002 5.600 0.002 3.700 1.000 2.00 1.070 1.180 0.995 -0.617
Syn4 MTR 4 0.002 5.600 0.002 3.700 1.000 2.00 1.070 1.180 2.770 1.105
====================== ================================================
Exciter/AVR Data
This section contains the information for all exciters installed in the system, including the generator ID to
which the exciter is installed, exciter type, gains, time constants, and other parameters.
& ST3 XL VGmax VImax VImin VRmax VRmin SEmax SE75 Efdmax
AC1 &AC4 KA KC KD KE KF TA TB TC TE TF TR
VAmax VAmin VImax VImin VRmax VRmin SEmax SE75 Efd
VLR VLV Efdn VAmax VAmin VRmax VRmin SEmax SE75 Efd
HPC 840 C D Kpow KQ KE Bmax Bmin Amax Amin VRmax VRmin SEmax SE75 Efd
Te T4 TI TD TF Tdsty TP TQ CtlBus
AC5A KA KE KF VRmax VRmin SEmax SE75 Efd
JEUM Ar1 Ar2 Ku1 Ku2 Kif Kae Ke Vres Vsup SEm SE7 Efdmax Te
Max1 Min1 Max2 Min2 Max3 Min3 Max4 Min4 Max5 Min5 Max6 Min6 Max7 Min7
Av1 Av2 Av3 Av4 Av5 Av6 Av7 Av8 Av9 Av10 Av11
Ai1 Ai2 Ai3 Ai4 Ai5 Ai6 Ai7 Ai8 Ai9 Ai10 Ai11 Ai12
ID VImax VImin VRmax VRmin RC XC VVLR Vdc Rf VHZ Vfb Ifb Vref
-------------- -------- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Gen1 1 250.00 1.000 0.060 0.005 0.030 1.250 1.000 17.50 -15.50 1.650 1.130 6.600
Governor/Turbine Data
This section contains the information for all governors installed in the system, including generator ID to
which the governor is installed, governor type, mode, gains, time constants, and other parameters.
All ST %Droop Mode Pmax Pmin Tsr Tc Tch Trh1 Trh2 Tco Fhp Fvhp Fip
&STM %Droop Mode Pmax Pmin K1/Kr K2/Kf K3/KD K4/Ff K5 K6 K7 DB UO/VU UC/VL
Generator GTH& Ki Mode Max. Min. X Y Z A/a B/b C/c D Kf T.Ctl A.Ctl
2301A %Droop Mode eMax eMin Alpha Beta Rho K1 Tao T1 T2 LS GP Pmax Pmin
GHH VLmax VLmin VMmax VMmin VHmax VHmin PLmax PLmin PMmax PMmin
LF2 LF3 FL0 KFL0 FL1 FM0 KFM0 FM1 Tn1 Tn2
Tn3 Tn5 Tn6 TL TM TH Esf1 Esf2
============ ------ ------ ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Gen1 ST1 5.0 Droop 8.33 0.00 0.100 0.100 0.150 5.000 0.700
PSS Data
This section contains the information for all PSS installed in the system, including generator ID to which
the PSS is installed, PSS type, and all PSS parameters.
Generator Type Time Constants (Sec.) and Parameters
ID T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8
-------------- -------- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Gen1 PSS1A 3.150 0.900 -0.900 0.000 0.200 0.000 0.000 0.760 0.100 0.760 0.100 1.000 0.100
Conned Bus Ind. Motor Rating (base) Eqiv. Model (%Z & seconds) CKT or Double Cage Models (% impedance)
============ ================ ============== =========================== ================================================
Bus ID Machine ID MDL kV MVA Ra Xlr Xoc Tdo' Rs Xs Xm Rrfl,1 Rrlr,2 Xrfl,1 Xrlr,2
------------ ------------ --- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Bus3 Mtr2 CKT2 13.200 0.649 3.83 10.29 365.20 1.52 1.23 11.67 9.30
Sub3 Swgr Pump 1 CKT1 4.000 0.434 3.83 19.36 375.50 0.81
Bus3 Mtr2 0.310 a k***3 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 1.41 0.599 0.297 0.0
Sub3 Swgr Pump 1 0.200 FAN 10.00 -91.00 321.00 -147.00 1.18 0.400 0.188 30.0
The format for the initial load flow report is similar to those of the load flow output report and thus a
sample printout is omitted.
Event/Action Data
This section lists detailed information on each action included in an event. This section appears right
after a load flow report performed before this event and its associated actions occur.
This page indicates bus/machine revisions occurring at simulation time T = 0.1000 seconds.
Time Ang. Freq. Mech. Elec. Term. Ang. Freq. Mech. Elec. Term. Ang. Freq. Mech. Elec. Term.
(Sec.) (deg) (Hz) (MW) (MW) I (A) (deg) (Hz) (MW) (MW) I (A) (deg) (Hz) (MW) (MW) I (A)
------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------
0.000 30.92 60.00 6.34 6.30 265.1 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.020 30.92 60.00 6.34 6.30 265.1 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.040 30.91 60.00 6.34 6.30 265.0 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.060 30.91 60.00 6.34 6.30 265.0 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.080 30.91 60.00 6.34 6.30 265.0 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.100 30.90 60.00 6.34 6.30 264.9 -27.60 60.00 0.99 0.99 48.9 -55.88 60.00 2.76 2.77 123.6
0.101 30.90 60.01 6.34 0.53 1202.6 -27.60 59.99 0.99 0.37 328.9 -55.87 59.98 2.76 -0.79 834.8
0.121 31.92 60.28 6.34 0.48 998.3 -28.86 59.62 0.98 0.37 231.1 -58.01 59.35 2.73 -0.30 495.4
0.141 35.00 60.57 6.34 0.51 908.8 -32.82 59.26 0.97 0.42 233.1 -64.69 58.73 2.69 -0.31 491.0
0.161 40.15 60.86 6.33 0.56 877.5 -39.25 58.93 0.97 0.49 235.3 -75.83 58.12 2.65 -0.29 485.6
0.181 47.31 61.13 6.32 0.61 869.6 -47.87 58.65 0.96 0.55 239.0 -91.32 57.52 2.62 -0.26 479.2
0.201 56.39 61.38 6.30 12.44 756.5 -58.48 58.44 0.96 4.33 264.8 -111.07 56.99 2.58 9.23 837.0
0.221 64.76 60.91 6.26 15.28 756.7 -65.16 59.93 0.99 4.22 195.3 -127.85 58.58 2.67 11.12 689.2
0.241 69.21 60.32 6.21 16.48 769.4 -60.51 61.48 1.02 3.89 176.2 -132.76 60.20 2.77 10.88 706.9
0.261 69.32 59.72 6.16 16.13 732.8 -45.69 62.64 1.04 2.69 117.3 -126.29 61.73 2.85 10.58 656.7
0.281 65.30 59.19 6.10 14.40 639.6 -24.93 62.99 1.04 0.73 35.6 -109.13 63.14 2.93 9.59 533.6
0.301 57.95 58.80 6.05 11.67 508.4 -5.05 62.29 1.03 -1.25 54.2 -82.88 64.16 2.98 6.56 331.3
0.321 48.44 58.59 6.02 8.53 366.8 6.90 60.79 1.01 -2.35 99.7 -51.73 64.33 2.99 1.22 105.3
TS Action Summary
This section lists all the actions in the study, including both specified in the Transient Stability Study
Case Editor and those initiated by relay actions.
Device Action Time
The one-line diagram displays are only available for those devices that are selected for plot options.
Depending on the device type, different calculation results are displayed as defined below:
Buses
Voltage bus voltage magnitude in kV or percent
Frequency bus frequency in Hz or percent
Syn. Generators
Power Angle synchronous generator rotor angle in degree or radian
Frequency synchronous generator frequency in Hz or percent
Efd synchronous generator field voltage in per unit
Real and Reactive Power synchronous generator electrical power generation in kW+jkvar or
MW+jMvar
Apparent Power synchronous generator electrical power generation in kVA or MVA
Current synchronous generator terminal current in Amp
Syn. Motors, MV
Power Angle synchronous motor rotor angle in degree or radian
Frequency synchronous motor frequency in Hz or percent
Voltage synchronous motor terminal voltage in kV or percent
Real and Reactive Power induction machine electrical power loading in kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar
Apparent Power induction machine electrical power loading in kVA or MVA
Current induction machine terminal current in Amp
Syn. Motors, LV
Power Angle synchronous motor rotor angle in degree or radian
Frequency synchronous motor frequency in Hz or percent
Voltage synchronous motor terminal voltage in kV or percent
Real and Reactive Power induction machine electrical power loading in kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar
Apparent Power induction machine electrical power loading in kVA or MVA
Current induction machine terminal current in Amp
Ind. Machines, MV
Speed induction machine speed in RPM or percent slip
Voltage induction machine terminal voltage in kV or percent
Real and Reactive Power induction machine electrical power loading in kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar
Apparent Power induction machine electrical power loading in kVA or MVA
Current induction machine terminal current in Amp
Ind. Machines, LV
Speed induction machine speed in RPM or percent slip
Voltage induction machine terminal voltage in kV or percent
Real and Reactive Power induction machine electrical power loading in kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar
Apparent Power induction machine electrical power loading in kVA or MVA
Current induction machine terminal current in Amp
MOV
Real and Reactive Power mov electrical power loading in kW+jkvar or MW+jMvar
Apparent Power mov electrical power loading in kVA or MVA
Current mov terminal current in Amp
The units for the displayed results are defined in the Results Page of the Transient Stability Display
Options.
The following is a sample of one-line diagram display from the Transient Stability study.
17.8 Plots
PowerStation also provides simulation plots for you to examine Transient Stability calculation results in a
graphic form. To view the plots, click on the Transient Stability Plots button on the Transient Stability
Toolbar. It will bring up a dialog box for the Transient Stability Plot Selection, as shown below, from
which you can specify the devices and types of plots to view.
Device Type
Select a device type for plotting.
Device ID
From this list, select the devices (up to 16 devices at a time) to be plotted. This list contains the devices
that have been selected for plots from the study case editors.
Plot Type
Check plot type(s) for plot. Different device types have different plot types.
Syn. Generators
Power Angle synchronous generator power angle in degree
Frequency synchronous generator frequency in Hz
MWm synchronous generator shaft mechanical power generator in MW
MWe synchronous generator electrical power generation in MW
Current synchronous generator terminal current in Amp
Efd synchronous generator field voltage in per unit
Ifd synchronous generator field current in Amp
Machine Z synchronous generator terminal impedance in % on machine base
Buses
Voltage Angle bus voltage angle in degree
Frequency bus frequency in % of system frequency
MW bus real power loading in MW
Mvar bus reactive power loading in Mvar
Voltage/Hz bus voltage per Hz in volt/Hz
Voltage bus voltage magnitude in % of the bus nominal kV
MOVs
Slip MOV slip in percent
Acce l Power MOV acceleration power in kvar
kvar MOV reactive power loading in kvar
kW MOV real power loading in kW
Current MOV current in Amp
Voltage MOV terminal voltage in % of the connected bus nominal kV base
Note that for synchronous motors and induction machines, terminal voltages are also displayed on the
one-line diagram.
The following is a set of sample plots from the Transient Stability study:
Combine Plots
Curves for the selected item will be plotted on the same graph. Multiple scales will be used.