132/33

ADITYAPUR-1,
JHARKHAND
A
PRESENTATION

ONVHHr
HAND
GAMHARIA
KV URJA

URJA GAMHARIA,

SUB-STATION
SANCHARAN
VUSNL SANCHARAN

a.
fat.

TATANAGAR(832108)

TATANAGAR

NIGAM

MLIMIT NIGAM

MITEDA

LIMITED,

ON
 NMENT OF
ERN
JHAR
MANE

O
Government
Polytechnic
Adityapur
Jamshedpur

-
Session: 2021 2024
Electrical Engineering
 Project Report on overview and working at
132/32KV sub-station at JUSNL (gamharia,jharkhand)

Project Duration: From 18th oct to 17th nov 2023

Guidence by
Prepared by :
SI. NAME Reg.No Sign.
1 Prem Kumar 21402085008
2 Rohit Prasad verma 21402080042
3 Hemant Kumar 21402080017
4 Nakshatresh Kumar 21402080025
5 Kundan Kumar 21402080022
O)
Sandeep Jha 21402080044
7 Raviraj Gupta 21402080040
8 Gopinath Foujdar 21402080015
9 Deepak Kumar 21402085004
10 Santosh Kumbhakar 21402080045
11 Nirmal Singh Munda21402080027

12 Karan Kumar Dey 21402080019

13 Altaf Alam 21402080004
14 Ankit Singh 21402080006
15 Deepak Kumar 21402080013
16 Deepak Kumar Singh 21402080014
17 Krishna kumari 21402080021
18 Himanshu Kumar 21402080018
 DECLARATION BY
THE STUDENT

:
I Sincerelydeclare that
1. lam the sole writer of this report.

2. The details of training andexperience contain in this

report describe my involvement as a trainee in the field
of Electrical & Electronics Engineering.

3. Allthe information contains in this report is certain and

correct to the knowledge.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is to acknowledge the help and corporation that

we have received to make this training period a great
success. Power system, one of the important branch
subject demands a practical approach and as trainee
at JUSNL, We have received a deep insight of what
actually happens during the process of power
transmission, the equipment in the switchyard and
various other aspect related to the process which
have been summarized in this report.

Before we go any further, we would like to present a

gesture of gratitude toward the SENIOR MANAGER
MR.
and MANAGER MR.
and my esteemed mentor who ensured a friendly
motivation learning environment. We would also like
to thank other JUSNL employees, who constantly
helped in my learning during in plant training. We
owe our gratitude to all of them.
 CONTENT

>INTODUCTION
>SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
>ABOUT 132/33KV SUBSTATION
>132KV FEEDERS
>33KV FEEDERS
>EQUIPMENT AT THE SUBSTATION
TRANSFORMER
>PARTSOF TRANSFORMER
>BATTERY BANK
>CONDUCTORS IN TRANSMISSION LINE
GANTRY & RELAYS
>TYPES OF RELAYS
>CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

The project work assigned to us was to design a 132/33KV

substation. We considered incoming power at 132KV and
power was transferred to man bus through isolater-circuit
breaker-isolater combination.
The power from main bus was fed into a 50MVAtransformer
which stepped the voltage down to 33KV.
The power is then fed into a 33KV bus from which different
loads were tapped. In the process ,the surge impedance
loading of 132KV and 33K\V lines were calculated and they
used to estimate the maximum power that can be
transferred by one transmission line.
• A
substation is a part of an electrical transmission and
distribution system. Substation transfer voltage from
high to low,or the reverse or perform any of several
other important functions.
Todesign a 132/33KV EHV substation where the
incoming power received at 132KV from a generating
station.
The power from main bus was fed into a 132KV
transform which stepped the voltage down to 33KV.
• The power is then fed into a 33KV bus from which
different load were tapped.
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

132/33 KV GSS ADITYAPUR-4

132 KV TRISFER BLS

dy

BUILOING

8
ROOM

CONTROL

ADITYAPUR-1
MVA GRID SUBSTATION
132/33 KV4X50
SINGLELNE DIAGRAM OF
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

users,
Starting from the generating stations to the end
voltage is needed to be stepped up and down several times
ensures efficient transmission of
in various substations. This
power, minimizing the power losses.
Our project to design a 132/33KV EHV substation where the
a generating
incoming power is received at 132KV from
station
The power factor is corrected here and the voltage stepped
is

down to 33KV and power is then transferred to distribution

system of the grid to meet the requirements of the end
consumers at their suitable voltage.
• In power engineering a single line diagram(SLD), also
sometime called one line diagram is a simplifier notation
for representing a three phase power system.
power
The one line diagram has its largest application in
flow studies.Electricalelements such as circuits breaker,
transformer, capacitor, busbar, and conductor are
shown by standardized schematic symbols figure shown
the single line diagram of power system.
About 132/33KV Substation

• A
substation is a part of an electrical transmission and
distribution system, substation transfer voltage from
high to low, or the reverse or perform any of several
other important functions.
To design a 132/33 KV EHV substation where the
incoming power received at 132KV from a generating
station.
a 132KV
The power from main bus we fed into
transform which stepped the voltage down to 33KV.
• The power is then fed into a 33KV bus from which
different load were tapped.
 132KV Feeder
There are total 6 feeders on 132Kv side:
RCP-1
> RCP-2
> CHANDIL
>RKSN
>USHA MARTIN-1
>USHA MARTIN-2
Out of allthe feeders on 132Kv line onlyRCP-1 and RCP-2
are only incoming feeders, while the rest can be both
incoming oroutgoing as per need.

TR No-l
CHANDL

33
33KV Feeders
There are in total 13outgoing feeders on 33Kv side:
> ADP-1
> ADP-2
> SS-4
> NIT
> K.LAXMI
> K.BASTI
>MANGO
> RKFL+ULIAN
ADP-4
> UBL
> KYS

> RF-1
> RE-2

Transformers: There are 4 transformers of rating 5OMVA

together delivering a total power of 200MVA for the grid
substation.They are 132/33 KvStep down transformers.
are
Substation Transformerd: The substation transformers
power
used at a transmission grid to ensure continuous
a
supply even in cases of power breakages. t has rating of
50MVA.
 Equipment at the substation
• Arrester:
This first component in an electrical substation
is the
where the incoming power lines are connected to it,and
the main function of these components is to protect the
components of substation from passing high
voltages.These components divert the flow of current to
the ground and therefore protect the systems conductor
as wellas insulation from

Harm.

• Coupled Voltage Transformer:

A
CVT or CCVT(Capacitor Coupled Voltages Transformer), is
made with twocapacitor sets acting as voltage divider that
brings the phase voltage down to around 12-20Kv, which
are used for metering, protection and control of the high
voltage system,CVT is rated for high voltage levels
above132 Kv. It has only one incoming wire and the other
side is grounded.
 Wave Trapper:
The wave trap frequency signal and allows it to trap the
high is located on incoming lines to pass only 50Hz
frequency. This signal(wave) comes from the remote
station which interrupts the current and voltage signals.
This component trips the high-frequency signal and
reduces them to the telecom board.

• Circuit Breaker:

This is a type of electrical switch, used to open or close the

circuit when
an error arises
in the system.
When an
error happens
in the system,
then the relay
transmits the
signal to the
circuit breaker
& therefore
their parts are
moved
separately. Therefore, errors that occur in the system turn
into clear.
SF6 circuit breaker are used here as in high voltages vaccum&
oil type circuit breakers are less reliable. The gas is changed
from time to time and spare cylinders are kept in the grid
sub-substation.
Current Transformer:

The Current Transformer(CT), is a type of "instrument

transformer "that is designed to produced an alternating
rent in its secondary winding which is proportional to the
current being measured in its primary. It is
a
step-up
transformer and the secondary
voltage in it is very high in order to
reduce the current.CT can reduce
or"'step-down"current level from
a
thousands of amperes down to
standard output of a known ratio,
it is connected in series. The
substation here has 2 type of
current
transformers.One for 132Kv side and another for 33Kv side.
• Potential Transformer:

Potential transformer is a voltage step-down

a
transformer which reduces the voltages of
high voltage circuit to lower level for
the
purpose it measurement.These are connected
 separately. Therefore, errors that occur in the system turn
into clear.
SF6 circuit breaker are used here as in high voltages vaccum&
oil type circuit breakers are less reliable. The gas is changed
from time to time and spare cvlinders are kept in the grid
sub-substation.
• Current Transformer:

The Current Transformer(CT), is a type of "instrument

transformer "that is designed to produced an alternating
current in its secondary winding which is proportional to the
current being measured in its primary. It is a step-up
transformer and the secondary
voltage in it is very high in order to
reduce the current.CT can reduce
or'step-down"current level from
thousands of amperes down to a
standard output of a known ratio,
it isconnected in series. The
substation here has 2 type of
current
transformers.One for 132Kv side and another for 33Kv side.
• Potential Transformer:
Potential transformer is a voltage step-down
transformer which reduces the voltages of a
high voltage circuit to lower level for the
purpose it measurement.These are connected
 across or parallel to the line which is to be
monitered.The
primary winding consists of large number of turns while
secondary his less number of turns irrespective of the
primary voltage rating these designed to have the secondary
output voltage of 110v.
• Transfer Bus &
Transfer Bus Isolator:

• Transfer Bus lsolator:

The isolator is one type of
electric switch, used to isolate
the circuit whenever the flownof
current has been interrupted. It
is used to break the current

charging of the line of

transmission. The transfer bus is the spare bus and the
isolator associated with it is called Transfer Bus lsolator.
• Line Isolator:

The power line is then connected to the line isolator,

no
switches are used for opening an electrical circuit in the
 load condition. It is not proposed to be opened while current
flows through the line.
• Main Bus Isolator:
Main bus two isolator is connected in sequence to main bus
two because it has proper geographical area. The main bus is
made up of twin zebra conductors.Here, there are main bus
isolatorsS on both 132Kv and 33Kv side.Therre are 3 sets of
,
isolators on each bay, one is for main-bus one for transter
and another for line.On the bus coupler we have only 2 sets
of isolator one is for transfer bus and another for main bus.
• Bus Coupler:

Bus coupler is a device which is used to couple one bus to

another bus without any interruption in power supply and
without creating hazardous arcs. Bus coupling is achieved
with the help of a circuit breaker and
isolators. Normally, bus coupler is
kept off but during fault in any one incoming line it is made
on to supply that section through
the other incoming feeder. The
purpose of bus coupler is the
following:
1. If there fault in any
is a
section, the bus coupler
breaker trips to prevent the
fault current from affecting
other bus sections. Thus, COUPLER
BUS
 the fault limited to a particular section.
2. The routine maintenance of a bus can be done taking
one section at a time through bus coupler manually
opening the without interrupting power supply to other
sections.

• TRANSFORMER:

Transformer is a static electrical machine which transfers AC

electrical power from one circuit to the other circuit at the
constant frequency, but the voan be level can altered that
means increased or decreased according to the requirement.
It works on the principle of Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic

Induction which states that" the magnitude of voltage is

directly proportional to the
rate of
change of flux.Here, it is a
step-down transformer,
whichconvert 132 Kv input
to 33Kv output. NGRP

• PARTS OF

TRANSFORMER:

Transformer Tank:
This holds the
transformer windings and its insulating medium(oil
filled).
-High Voltage Bushing:This is the terminal where the
primary winding ofthe transformer terminates
serves as an insulator from the transformer tank.
-Low Voltage Winding:This is the terminals where the
secondary windings of the transformer terminates and
serves asan insulators from the transformer tank.

Cooling Fans and Radiators:Cooling fan can either be a

timer controlled or a winding/oil temperature
controlled. Raditor used for cooling transformer which
working is oil passing through the radiators and
contact with environment andstart cooling oil.
 ConservatorTank&explosion vent : An oil
preservationsystem in which the oil
in the main tank is isolated from the
atmosphere, over the temperature
range specified, by means of an
auxillary tank partly filled with oil
and connected to the completely
filled main tank.Explosion vent used
for remove extra vapour through the main tank.

Dehydrating Breather: It is used to prevent the normal

moisture in the air from coming in contact with the oil
in electrical equipment as the load or temperature
changes.

-Silica Gel:It is used in breather for

controlling the level of moisture &
prevents it from entering the
equipment.Silica gel blue crystals
and orange beads work effectively
in this application.

Control Panel:This houses all of the transformer's

devices
monitoring devices terminals &auxillary
including the terminals of the bushing current
transformers & cooling fans.
 -Marshalling Box: It has all the
meters that measure oil
temperature winding
temperature, etc.

Buchholz Relay: It is a mercury

type relay which is used for protecting the
transformer. It is sensitive todielectric failures inside
transformer. Also, it detects the gas accumulation in
the oil chanber and trips according to that.

-Types of Cooling:

1. Air Natural Oil Natural

2. Air Forced Oil Natural
3. Air Forced Oil Natural

The type of cooling here is Air Forced Oil Natural type.

Also, thetransformer here has CT attached in it'sH.V. side to
provide differential protection to the transformer.
• BATTERY BANK:

A
battery bank is the heart of
a substation. The control
panel works on DC supply not
In AC supply. Since, it works
on DC & has its own DC supply from the battery bank buikt
inside the substation , it works uninterruptedly. The batteries
used in battery banks are YKP-25 batteries of 2.25V with the
.
rating of 300Ah Both of them deliver 30Amp current for 10
hours. These batteries are connected in series to attain the
.
required DC voltage, which is generally around 22ov There
is also a charging unit present to charge the batteries in the
battery bank.The charging units are float charger float cum
boost charger.
• Conductor in Transmission Line:
Conductor is a physical medium to carry electrical energy
from one place tp another. It is an important component of
overhead and underground electrical transmission and
distribution systems. Some common conductors are: AAC (All
Aluminium Conduct) or AAAC (AIl AluminiumConductor )or
(
ACSR ( Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced) ACAR
Aluminium Conductor Alloy Reinforced). Out of these ACSR
come mostly in use. It consists of standard steel core with one
or more layers of aluminium 1350 wires wrapped in spiral.
or
The core wires may be zinc coated (galvanized) steel
aluminium coated steel. Conductors are: DOG, PANTHER.
ZEBRA AND MOOSE.

Gantry &
Relay:

power
Gantry structures are mainly used for guiding the
conductor from the last tower near the substation to
 the electrical equipments in a substation. This structure
consists of a no. of columns and girder beams, which
depend on the no. of circuits of the line. Gantries are
also used for line crossing.

• Relay is a kind of electromagnetic switch with three

.
output terminals and two input terminals It generally
has a NO(Normally open switch) & a NC (Normally
closed) switch. It generally operates a circuit breaker so
that before much damage is caused to the instrument,
the circuit breaker operates & break the current flow.

• Types of Relays are:

• Differential Relays
Buchholz Relay
• Solid State Relay
Overhead Protection Relay
Lateching Relay
• Numerical Relay
 CONCLUSION

We studied about the operation of different

equipment's in substation.
It includes study of transmission lines, Bus
bars,various types of transformers, Circuit
breakers, Isolators, Earth switches, Current
transformers, Voltage transformers, Lighting
arresters, Wave trap, Grounding systems of the
substation.