INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES-2017

Indigenous R&D of Micro Hydro Power Plants to

Improve the Pace of Off-Grid Electrification

Javed Ahmad Chattha

Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology,

Tel: 0938-281026 Ext: 2203, Email: chattha@giki.edu.pk
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Micro Hydro Power System
• Capacity: 100 kw or less

• Typically uses run of the river streams

Main Components of MHPP

• Mechanical Turbine
• Electronic Load Controller (ELC)
• Electrical Generator
• Condition Monitoring System

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Why R&D and Testing is Required?
Current Status of MHPP in KP:
• Installation of locally manufactured MHPPs
 Fail to grasp the full potential of the site conditions
 Mostly by non-engineering approach
 Stop/breakdown because of poor design
 Without periodic condition monitoring

Engineering Approach
Requirement Engineering Modeling &
Analysis
Capture Design Simulation

Implementation Optimization Testing Manufacturing

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Selection of Appropriate Turbine
 Projects Accomplished at GIK Institute
A. 25KW Design, Fabrication and Installation of Pump as Turbine (PAT)
B. Development of an Optimized Cross Flow Turbine
C. 30 KW Design, Fabrication and Installation of Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP
D. 50 kW Pelton Turbine, Installed in Village Birzeen, Chitral
E. 50 KW Francis Turbine in Battagram

Projects in Progress
A. Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine , at Mardan, KP
B. Two-stage Impulse Turbine
C. In-House Development of Electronic Load Controller (ELC)
D. Establishment of Research, Testing and Certification Center for MHPP in KP
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E. Commercialization Viable Product
1) Pump as Turbine (PAT) at Mardan, KP
Why PAT….
 Standard pump units, when operated in reverse are advantageous over
turbines for micro-hydroelectric power generation.

 In pump; the flow of water acts against gravity whereas in case of

turbine the flow of water acts along gravity.

 Pumps as mass-produced, are available for a wide range of heads and

flows at considerably lower cost and with shorter delivery times than
the equivalent turbines.

 Spare parts are easily available.

 Given the right conditions, PAT’s can be used over the range normally
covered by multi-jet Pelton turbines, cross flow turbines and small
Francis turbines.
 1) Pump as Turbine (PAT) at Mardan, KP
• First ever Pump as turbine testing in Pakistan was carried
out by GIK Institute at KSB Pumps

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 Why PAT….
 Standard pump units, when operated in reverse are
advantageous over turbines for micro-hydroelectric power
generation.

 Pumps as mass-produced, are available for a wide range of

heads and flows at considerably lower cost and with shorter
delivery times than the equivalent turbines.

 Spare parts are easily available.

 Given the right conditions, PAT’s can be used over the range
normally covered by multi-jet Pelton turbines, cross flow
turbines and small Francis turbines.
Pump as Turbine (PAT) at Mardan, KP

• Providing electricity to Local Community near Mardan Markaz.

• Capacity 25 kW
• Funded by PCRET
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Pump as Turbine (PAT) at Mardan, KP

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2) Development of an Optimized Cross Flow Turbine

• Capacity 20 kW
• Funded by PCRET
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Development of an Optimized Cross Flow Turbine

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3) Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

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 Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

• Providing electricity to Local Community near Mardan Markaz.

• Capacity 30 kW
• Funded by DoST, KP.
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Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

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Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

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Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

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4) 50 kW Pelton Turbine, Village Birzeen, Chitral

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 50 kW Pelton Turbine, Village Birzeen, Chitral

• Providing electricity to
450 households
• Population of about
4000 people in villages:
Birzeen, Gofto, Oguti
and Gohik.
• Funded by DoST, KP.

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50 kW Pelton Turbine, Village Birzeen, Chitral

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50 kW Pelton Turbine, Village Birzeen, Chitral

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5) Francis Turbine, Battagram

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Francis Turbine, Hazara

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6) Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine

25/09/2017 Design for Test Rig of Micro-Hydro Turbine 26

6) Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine

Inverted conical blades Cross flow blades

Curved rectangular blades Twisted blades 27

Gravitational Water Vortex Turbine

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7) Hydro Engine: Two Stage Impulse Turbine

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Two Stage Impulse Turbine

CFD Analysis

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Electronic Load Controller

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Micro Kaplan Turbine at Mardan, KP

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 Thank You

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