Fundamentals of Medical Aid

in Civil Defense

Lesson 4. Personal and medical protective

equipment

Kanan Yusif-zada, MD, PhD, MBA

Content

Provision of population with individual protection means

1
and learning how to use them.

2 Respiratory protective means

3 Skin protective means

4 Individual medical protective means

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1 Provision of population with individual protection means
and learning how to use them.

Classification of personal protective equipment

Personal protective
equipment

Respiratory protection Skin protection Medical remedies

Filtering gas masks All-service protective First aid kit

Self-contained gas gear Individual
masks Light protective suit decontamination kit
Respirators Auxilliary aids First field dressing
Ordinary means

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2 Respiratory protective means Gas masks

Filtrating gas mask GP-5 Measuring of face for the selection of the full-
facemask part of GP-5 filtrating gas mask
helmet-mask
bag

Sizes of full-face masks:

< 63 cm 0 size;
61.5-64 cm 1st size;
64.5-67 cm 2nd size;
filter box-mist films 65.5-68 cm 3rd size;
canister 71 cm 4th size

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Filtrating gas mask GP-7 a) b)

Selection of the full-mask of a filtrating gas maskGP-7:

a) horizontal; b) vertical

Mask size:
1st size = 118.5-121 cm
2nd size = 121.5-126 cm
3rd size = > 126.5 cm
GP-7V
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 Exploded view of a PBF gas mask frontal valve assembly

Voice emitter
Holding pin Voice
front plastic cover
membrane
Plastic
Rubber gasket gasket
Inlet valve

Valve First outlet Second

Oronasal mask Fabric Front cover
form valve Outlet Front plastic
Outlet tape chassis
valve cover
vent

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 Self-contained gas masks

1 front part
2 breathing bag
3 regenerative cartridge
IP-4

IP-46

IP-5

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 Self-contained oxygen
apparatus

KIP-5
KIP-8

KIP-7

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 Respirators

R-2
Protect respiratory organs from radioactive
substances, bacterial aerosols (particles)
and toxic smokes.
Not safe for the protection against vapors of
toxic substances

FM50 - CBRN full face mask specifically designed to

meet the latest NATO forces military mask
requirements. The twin filter conformal system sits
close against the face, providing high protection and
very low breathing resistance. This allows greater ease
of weapon deployment.

FM12 - the most widely used respirator across the

world. Developed for NATO military operations, the
FM12 is suited for civilian law enforcement and first
responder applications.

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 The easiest means of respiratory protection

Anti-dust cloth mask PTM-1 Cotton-gauze dressing

Page 10 of 22
3 Skin protective means

Light protective suit L-1:

ZFO filtering All-service protective
Hooded jacket; trousers with
protective suit gear OZK
integral overboots; mittens; bag

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 Skin protective means

The period of stay in the insulating protective clothing,

depending on the ambient temperature

Time of stay in self-contained protective suit

Ambient air temperature,
oC Without wet screening
With wet screening uniform
uniform

+30oC and higher 15-20 minutes 1-1.5 hours

25-29oC Up to 30 minutes 1.5-2 hours

20-24oC Up to 45 minutes 2-2.5 hours

15-19oC Up to 2 hours More than 2.5 hours

-15oC and lower more than 3 hours ----------

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 Protective child chamber

Differences between KZD-6 and KZD-4:

Time of stay of children in them is 6 hours (ambient
temperature -100C- +260C);
For convenience length of the gloves was extended
for better handling of the child;
Baby food holder was attached and polyethylene
wrap was added. The wrap is covered on the KZD-4
chamber in case of rain and prevents absorbing of
substances contained in water.
Carried by using the shoulder handles
or in a baby carriage

KZD-6
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4 Individual medical protective means

Medical means of protection include:

radioprotectors (radioprotective drugs);
antidotes (protection means from exposure to toxic
substances and emergency chemically hazardous
substances);
antibacterial agents (antibiotics, sulfonamides, vaccines,
serums);
sanitization agents

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 Radioprotectors - are agents or compounds delivered prior or
shortly after radiation exposure with the intent of preventing or reducing
damage to normal tissues.

Main groups of radioprotectors:

Sulfur-containing (cystamine, glutathione, cysteine).
Indolalkilaminy (tryptamine, serotonin, mexamine).
Nucleinic acids (DNA, RNA, nucleosides, nucleotides).
Nitrogen-containing (, cyanic sodium).
Gallate (etilgallat, propylgallate, gallic acid).
The means increasing natural resistance of an organism:
vitamins B and C groups, enzymes, hormones.

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 Antidotes in most common use in clinical toxicology
Paracetamol N-acetyl Cysteine
Opioid Naloxone
Antidotes are Iron Desferroxamine
substances preventing Heparin Protamine Sulphate

or reducing effect of Cyanide-Thiosulphate Sodium Nitrate, Sodium

Theophylline, Caffine Esmolol
toxic substances
Atropine Physostigmine
Curare Poisoning Neostigmine
Arsenic Dimercaprol

Antidotes
Lead Calcium disodium edetate
Streptokinase, fibrinolytics Epsilon amino caproic acid
Insulin Glucose
Digilatis Digoxin specific antibody fragments
Methanol Ethanol, fomepizole
Nitrates Methylene blue
Warfarin Vitamin K1 oxide

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 Standard individual means of
protection

AI-2 first aid kit, AI-4

Individual decontamination kit
First aid dressing package

AI-2
Slot 1. Unit-dose syringe
containing pain killers

Slot 7. Antiemetic agent

Slot 2. Preventive agent against
poisoning with organo-
phosphorous substances

Slot 6. Radioprotective agent No2

Slot 3. Antibacteriologic
Slot 5. Antibacterial agent No1
agent No2
Slot 4. Anti-radiation agent No1
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Standard individual means of protection

A new approach to personal protection AI-4

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Standard individual means of protection
Individual anti-chemical package
IPP-8 IPP-9 IPP-10

The individual anti-chemical packages

IPP-8, IPP-9, IPP-10 is not available for
more than 20 years. Instead, they
adopted in the formation of Civil
Defense and Emergency Situations
received an individual anti-chemical
package IPP-11.

Designed for prevention of skin-resorptive injuries by droplet-

liquid poisoning and chemically hazardous agents through open
skin areas, as well as for degassing of these agents on skin and
clothes, on individual protection means, tools etc.
After applying on skin, the protective effect remains within 24
hours.
Working temperature range is -20 to +50 .
Is produced as a tight package with a tampon made of bonded
fabric sodden with anti-chemical agent.
Warranty shelf life 5 years.
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 1 - plastic box with instructions for use
2 - napkins for removing visible means of poison drops
3 - bags of powder agent decontamination
4 - tube of ointment preventive

(Poland Warsaw)

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 Standard individual means of protection
Individual dressing package

Intended for imposition of

the primary wound
dressings

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Thank you!