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Chapter 6
Perimeter and Area
This chapter deals with the use of formulas to find the area of
quadrilaterals, and the perimeter and area of composite figures.
At the end of this chapter you should be able to:

develop and use formulas to find the area of quadrilaterals

calculate the area and perimeter of composite figures including quadrants and semicircles
calculate the perimeter and area of sectors and composite figures involving sectors.

Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

WM: S5.2.1S5.2.5
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158 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Diagnostic Test

1 The formula A = 1
---
2
h(a + b) could be used A 30.38 cm2 B 15.19 cm2
to find the area of a: C 11.1 cm2 D 22.2 cm2

A kite B trapezium 5 The area of this quadrilateral is closest

to:
C rhombus D all of these
B C
4 cm
2 The area of this trapezium is: 6 cm

5.3 cm 20 cm
> A D
AC = 20 cm
2.2 cm A 480 cm2 B 200 cm2
C 300 cm2 D 100 cm2
>
9.8 cm
6 The perimeter of this semicircular
2
A 16.61 cm B 33.22 cm2 garden is:
C 57.134 cm2 D 114.268 cm2

3 The area of this kite is:

5.2 m

3.8 cm
A 9.3 m B 21.5 m
C 13.4 m D 4.08 m

7 The perimeter of this shape is:

8.5 cm 7.1 m
2 2
A 32.3 cm B 24.6 cm
2 1.8 m
C 12.3 cm D 16.15 cm2

4 The area of this rhombus is closest to: A 19.2 m B 20.6 m

C 23.5 m D 12.78 m

4.9 cm 8 Simone has 50 m of garden edging. The

radius of the circular garden she can
6.2 cm
enclose with the edging is:
A 15.9 m B 7.96 m
C 12.5 m D 157 m
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 159

9 The perimeter of a rhombus with 13 The perimeter of this sector is closest to:
diagonals 4.1 cm and 6.3 cm is closest to: A 7.7 cm
A 3.76 cm B 7.5 cm B 23.7 cm
C 15 cm D 30 cm C 440 cm 55
10 The area of this figure is closest to: D 25.8 cm
8 cm
8.2 cm
14 The area of this sector is closest to:
5.8 cm
A 212 cm2
3.4 cm B 248 cm2
C 59.6 cm2
D 1350 cm2 75
A 161.7 cm2 B 59.12 cm2
C 36 cm2 D 34.8 cm2
18 cm
11 The shaded area is closest to:

Use this diagram to answer questions 15 and

10.1 m
16.
4.8 cm
3m

2 2
25o
A 248.1 m B 62 m
2
C 88.2 m D 46.8 m2
1.2 m
12 A farmer fertilises a paddock consisting
of a rectangle and a semicircle, shown
below. The fertiliser is spread at the rate
of 2.3 kilograms per square metre. The 15 The perimeter of the shape is closest to:
amount of fertiliser the farmer needs is A 29.2 m B 9.1 m
closest to:
C 12.7 m D 9.7 m

15 m
16 The area of the shape is closest to:
A 5.56 m2 B 4.25 m2
28 m C 1.96 m2 D 10.36 m2
A 2.6 t B 1.2 t
C 250 kg D 966 kg

If you have any difficulty with these questions, refer to the examples and questions in the sections
listed in the table.

Question 15 69 10, 11 12 1316

Section B C D E F
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160 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

A. AREA AND PERIMETER REVIEW

This section reviews conversions, area and perimeter from Stage 4.

Linear conversions
1 km = 1000 m 1 m = 100 cm 1 cm = 10 mm

Example 1

Convert:
a 50 mm to cm b 8.6 km to m
a 50 mm b 8.6 km
50
= ------ cm 8.6 1000 m
10
= 5 cm = 8600 m

Area conversions
When converting area units, which are square units, the linear conversion must be squared.
Since 10 mm = 1 cm
then 102 mm2 = 12 cm2 (squaring both sides)
100 mm2 = 1 cm2

The hectare (ha) is a special unit of area: 1 ha = 10 000 m2.

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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 161

Example 2

Convert:
a 25 cm2 to mm2 b 2000 cm2 to m2
a 1 cm = 10 mm b 100 cm = 1 m
1 cm2 = 102 mm2
2
1002 cm2 = 12 m2
1 cm2 = 100 mm2 10 000 cm2 = 1 m2
25 cm2 = 2500 mm2 2000 cm2 = 0.2 m2
(dividing both sides by 5)

Exercise 6A
1 Convert:
a 21 cm to m b 180 mm to cm c 3500 m to km
d 4 cm to mm e 2.3 m to cm f 1.8 km to m
g 200 mm to cm h 280 cm to m i 5.2 m to cm
j 8.3 cm to mm k 6.3 km to m l 0.03 m to cm
m 0.05 km to cm n 3.2 m to mm o 83 000 cm to km

2 Convert:
a 4 cm2 to mm2 b 31 m2 to cm2 c 5.3 m2 to mm2
d 32 km2 to m2 e 40 000 cm2 to m2 f 7 000 000 mm2 to m2
g 5 ha to m2 h 7.3 ha to m2 i 42 000 m2 to ha

When converting
square units,
square the
conversion first.
3 Convert:
a 15 cm2 to mm2 b 15 ha to m2
c 32 000 cm2 to m2 d 3280 mm2 to cm2
e 235 m2 to cm2 f 36.5 ha to m2
g 7.82 m2 to ha h 3 654 200 cm2 to ha
i 23 km2 to ha j 0.004 2 ha to cm2
k 5.2 m2 to cm2 l 0.002 m2 to mm2
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162 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Example 3 The perimeter of a

circle is called the
circumference.

Find the circumference of this circle to 1 decimal place.

C = 2r
C = 2 8.2
= 51.5221... 8.2 cm
= 51.5 cm

Radius is
4 Find the circumference of these circles, to 1 decimal place half the
if necessary. diameter.

a b

0.4 km
5.1 cm

c d

12.6 cm
48 cm

Example 4

Find the area of this rectangle.

A = lb 3.4 cm
= 3.4 6.8 cm2
= 23.12 cm2 6.8 cm
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 163

5 Find the area of each rectangle.

a b c d

12 m
16 cm
8 cm 12 m
15 m
4 cm
5 cm

Example 5

Find the area of each triangle.

a b c 2.5 cm

3m
8m
5m
6 cm
12 m

a A = 1--2- bh b A = 1--2- bh c A = 1--2- bh

= 1
---
2
12 5 m2 = 1
---
2
8 3 m2 = 1
---
2
2.5 6 cm2
= 30 m2 = 12 m2 = 7.5 cm2

6 Find the area of each triangle.

a b c d
7m

4 cm 40 m 8 cm
4m
2 cm
32 m 9 cm

Example 6

Find the area of the parallelogram.

A = bh 5 cm
= 10 5 cm2
= 50 cm2
10 cm
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164 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

7 Find the area of each parallelogram.

a b c

6 cm 10 cm
3 cm
6 cm

8 cm 12 cm

Example 7

Find the area of these circles correct to 1 decimal place.

a b

5 cm 12 cm

a Area b Area
= r2 = r2
= 5 5 cm2 = 6 6 m2
= 25 cm2 = 36 m2

78.5 cm2
113.1 m2

8 Find the area of each circle correct to 2 decimal places.

a b c
8 cm
14 m 8.5 cm

d e f

1.26
15.3 m km
cm
2
6.
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 165

Investigation 1
WM: Applying Strategies

Formulas for area

In Stage 4 you learnt that the area of a triangle is:
A = 1--2- b h
Use this formula to find an expression for the area of a rhombus and a kite.

1 Rhombus
Use this diagram to find an expression for the area of a rhombus with diagonals x and y units
in length.

y
2
x
y
2
x

2 Kite
The formula for the area of a kite is the same as that of a rhombus. Compare this derivation
with yours from question 1.

1
Divide into two triangles. 2 y cm
y cm x cm
Area = 1
---
2
( 1--2- y) x + 1
---
2
( 1--2- y) x 1 y cm
2

B. AREAx cmOF SPECIAL =QUADRILATERALS

xy + xy 1 1
--- ---
4 4
= xy
1
---
2
From Investigation 1, the following formulas have been developed.
Use the formula for the area of a triangle to find an expression for the area of a trapezium.

Rhombus
3 Trapezium
Use these diagrams to find an expression for the area of a trapezium.
a a

t
cu h

b b
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166 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

B. AREA OF SPECIAL QUADRILATERALS

From Investigation 1, we have developed the following formulas.

Rhombus

Area = 1
--
2
product of the lengths of the diagonals
A = xy, where x and y are the lengths of the diagonals
1
--
2

Kite

y cm Area A= 1
--
2
xy

x cm

Trapezium
A = 1--2- ah + 1--2- bh a

A = 1--2- h (a + b)
height
or A = ------------ h
a+b
2

Note the height is the perpendicular distance between the two parallel sides. Sometimes it is a side but usually
it is not.

Example 1

Find the area of the rhombus with diagonals of length 5 cm and 7 cm.
Area = 1--2- xy

= 1
---
2
5 7 cm2
= 17.5 cm2
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 167

Exercise 6B
1 Find the area of each rhombus.
a b c

4.3 cm

4 mm 6.3 m
12 mm 7.2 cm

9.5 m

Example 2

Find the area of this kite.

Area = 1--2- xy 5 cm

= 1
--- 58
2 8 cm
= 20 cm2

2 Find the area of each kite.

a b c
4.8 m
6 cm

15 cm
9 cm

11.6 m

4.3 cm

Example 3

Find the area of this trapezium. 11 m

First identify the height then use the formula. 4m
Area = 1--2- h(a + b)
16 m
= 1
---
2
4(11 + 16)
= 54 m2
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168 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

3 Find the area of each trapezium. Identify the height first.

The height is
a 6m b perpendicular
to the parallel
sides.
4m 6 cm
3 cm 7 cm

10 m

c 16 cm d

7 cm
35 mm 50 mm

12 m
28 mm

Example 4

Find the area of this quadrilateral. Q

3 cm
Area = Area of triangle A + Area of triangle B
A 5 cm
= 1
---
2
14 3 + 1
---
2
14 5 14 cm
= 56 cm2 B

4 Find these areas.

a b c

TU = 28 m
4 cm T 8m
R 5 cm
P Q S
1 cm
4 cm 11 m U
PQ = 8 cm RS = 13 m

5 Use the correct formula to find the area of these quadrilaterals.

a b c

10 m 8 cm 8 mm
12 cm

6m
15 mm
7m
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 169

d e f
3 km

11.3 m
18 m
15 km
7.5 m
8 km
8.5 m
4.1 m

C. PERIMETER OF COMPOSITE FIGURES

This section involves finding the perimeter of composite figures, and the solution of worded problems involving
perimeter.
Composite figures are those made up of more than one plane shape, including curved shapes.

Example 1

Find the perimeter of these figures.

a b

6 cm

40 m

a Perimeter Divide by 2
= (2r 2) + 6 because it is a
semicircle.
=3+6
= 3 + 6

15.4 cm (1 d.p.)
b Perimeter
= circumference of circle + 2(length of straight side)
= 40 + 2 40
= 40 + 80

205.7 m

Two semicircles
make a circle.
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170 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Exercise 6C
1 Find the perimeter of these, giving answers to one decimal place.
a b

10 cm

8 cm

c d

20 m
20 m

20 m 18 m

Example 2 A quarter of
a circle, so
divide by 4.
Find the perimeter of these figures.
a b

8 cm 12 m

a Perimeter b Perimeter
= (2r 4) + 2 8 = (2r 4) + 4 12
= (2 8 4) + 2 8 = (2 12 4) + 4 12
= 28.6 (1 d.p.) = 66.8 (1 d.p.)

2 Find the perimeter of these, correct to one decimal place.

a b c d
20 cm

18 mm 10 cm

6 cm

10 m
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 171

3 Find the perimeter of the following (giving your answer correct to 4 significant figures).
a b c

4 cm
6 cm
4m

4 a i Find the lengths of the paths from A to B

along the 4 small semicircles, and along
the larger semicircle (to 2 d.p.).
ii Which is shorter?
b What is the difference between the lengths A B
of the two paths? 8m

5 Find the perimeter correct to 2 decimal places (all measurements are in cm).
a b c
10

11 8
15
5 7

6 A farmer decides to fence a 400 m by 350 m

paddock with a 4-strand wire fence. Find the
total cost of the wire required given that single
strand wire costs 12.4 cents per metre.

7 Find the total length of string used to tie a box as

illustrated. An extra 15 cm is required for the 10 cm
knot and bow.
20 cm
15 cm

8 The framing of a toolshed consists of square

2m galvanised tubing which costs $4.65 a metre.
Find the total cost of the tubing necessary to
make the framing of the shed opposite.
4m
3m

9 A garden consists of six rectangular-shaped 8 m by 7 m

garden beds and a 2 m wide path surrounding them as
shown. Jarrah timber strips are used to surround each
bed and the whole garden area. Find the total length
of jarrah required.
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172 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Example 3

Izat ran around a circular track. He ran 500 m. Find the radius of the track.

C = 2r
r 500 2r
------------ = ---------------------
2 2
500
r = -----------------
(2 )
= 79.6 cm (to 1 d.p.)

10 A circular plate has circumference 50 cm. Find the radius correct to 1 d.p.

11 Georgette wants a circular track with a circumference of 200 m. Find the radius of the track
correct to 1 d.p.

12 A satellite has a circular orbit 800 km above the Earths surface.

a If the radius of the Earth is 6400 km, find the radius of the orbit of the satellite.
b Find the circumference of the satellites orbit.
c If the satellite makes one orbit in a day, find the speed of the satellite.

13 A bicycle wheel has diameter of 0.6 m. Through how many complete revolutions must the
wheel turn during a 100 km trip?

14 A newspaper company decides to place a plastic wrapper around its

newspapers. Each wrapper is 50% longer than the circumference of
the rolled-up paper, and the average diameter of a paper is 5 cm.
Find the number of kilometres of wrapper required to wrap the
275 000 newspapers produced daily. Give your answer correct to 2 d.p.

15 A rhombus has diagonals 24 cm and 10 cm as shown.

a Calculate the length of the side of the rhombus.
b Calculate the perimeter of the rhombus.
Remember
Pythagoras.

24 cm

10 cm
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 173

16 A kite has diagonals as shown.

a Calculate the length of one short side
of the kite.
b Calculate the length of one long side
12 cm 3 cm 10 cm
and hence the perimeter.

D. COMPOSITE AREAS
Figures that cannot have their areas calculated using one formula are called composite areas.
The area of a composite figure can be calculated by dividing it into identifiable shapes, then adding or
subtracting the area of these shapes to find the total area.

Example 1

Find the shaded area.

The area is found by adding the area
of the rectangle and the triangle. 11 cm
8 cm
Total area = area of triangle + area of rectangle
1
= --- 14 3 + 8 14
2 14 cm
= 133 cm2

Example 2

Find the area of this shape. 8 cm

Divide the figure into two rectangles and find 18 cm

any unknown side lengths. 7 cm
Area = 18 8 + 7 8 8 cm
15 cm
= 200 cm2

8 cm

18 cm
7 cm
8 cm
15 cm
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174 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Exercise 6D
1 Find the area of each shape (correct to 2 d.p. where necessary). All angles are
right angles.

a b 3 cm c
2 cm
5 cm 10 cm
15 cm
8 cm 5 cm
9 cm
6 cm 8 cm
4 cm
16 cm

d e f
7 cm 7 cm
3 cm

10 cm
11 cm
9m 13 cm
15 cm

12 m

Example 3

Find the shaded area.

The shaded area is found by calculating the 5 cm

total area and then subtracting the
unshaded area.
2 cm
Area = area large circle area small circle
= 72 52 cm2
= 49 25 cm2
= 24 cm2

75.40 cm2

2 Find the shaded areas (correct to 2 d.p. where necessary).

a b c
1m
3m
4 cm
10 m 8 cm
2m
4m 5m 17 m 7 cm
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 175

d e f
23 cm P Q
27 cm 8 cm 6 cm
S R
18 cm 11 cm 7 cm 10 cm
10 cm
PR = 5 cm, SQ = 7 cm

3 Find the areas of the shaded regions (answer to 1 d.p.).

a b c
1 cm

3 cm 4 cm
100 m

5 cm
5 cm

9 cm 8 cm
d e f
3 cm
8 cm 11 cm
5 cm
17 cm
8 cm 8 cm

E. AREA APPLICATIONS
This section involves practical problems using area.

Exercise 6E
1 Calculate the cost of carpeting a rectangular room 4.8 m long and 7.3 m wide, if carpet costs
$72.95 a square metre.

2 The diagram shows the floor plan of a conference

room.
a Calculate the area of the conference room.
b Calculate the cost of tiling the floor of the
conference room if the tiling costs $32.80 per
square metre.

Scale 1 cm : 5 m
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176 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

3 A family room is in the shape of a rectangle

with semicircles at either end as shown
in the diagram. 4m
a Calculate the area of the family room.
b Tiles cost $45 per square metre, and laying 6m
them costs $35 per square metre. Find the total cost of tiling the family room.

4 8m Concreters charge $18.90 per square metre.

Calculate the cost of concreting the area shown.
4.2 m
7.6 m

5 A small triangular hobby farm is situated along a main road.

a Calculate the area (in m2) of the farm.
b How many hectares are there in this farm?
c How many hectares are used for growing crops, if

ad
7
------ of the area of the farm is used for crop growing?

ro
10 850 m
ain
d 3
of the area is used for pasture lands and the
------
M Hobby
10 farm
homestead. How many hectares are used for these
purposes?
620 m
e Calculate the value of the hobby farm if each square
metre is valued at $7.20.

1 ha = 10 000 m2

6 A 2 m wide path is placed around a circular pond

of diameter 4 m. Find the area of the path correct
4m
to the nearest whole number.

2m

7 A garden bed is in the shape of a quadrant of a circle, radius 3.5 m.

A path 1 m wide is to be built around the curved boundary only.
Find the area of the path.
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 177

8 A farmer wants to spread 200 kg of superphosphate

per hectare. What weight of superphosphate is required 400 m
to fertilise this paddock? Give your answer in tonnes.
200 m

Example 1

A circle has the same area as a square with sides 10 cm. Find its radius.

Area of circle = r 2 cm2

Area of square = 10 10 cm2 = 100 cm2
r cm r 2 = 100
10 cm 100
r 2 = ----------
10 cm
r 2
31.83
r
31.83 (r is positive)
r
5.642 cm

9 A rectangle is 12 cm by 8 cm.
a Find the area of the rectangle.
b If the length of the rectangle is increased by 3 cm, find the width if the area remains the
same.

10 A rectangle is 12 cm by 8 cm. If the length of the rectangle is increased by 4 cm, how must
the breadth be varied so that the area remains the same?

11 A 10 cm by 16 cm rectangle has the same perimeter as a square. Which figure has the greater
area? By how much?

12 A circle has the same area as a rectangle 15 cm 7 cm.

a Find the area of the rectangle.
b Find the radius of the circle (to the nearest hundredth).
c Which figure has the larger perimeter?

F. AREA AND PERIMETER INVOLVING SECTORS

Earlier in this chapter we found the perimeters and areas of semicircles and quadrants. In this section we will
find the areas and perimeters of sectors.
To find the perimeter and area of sectors the fraction of the whole circle must be found first.
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178 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Example 1

Calculate the perimeter of this sector.

30 30
The sector is ---------- of a circle.
360 8 cm
30
The curved length = ---------- 2 r
360
30 Always divide
= ---------- 2 8 the angle by
360 360.
= 4.189 cm
Perimeter = 4.189 + 8 + 8
= 20.2 cm (to 1 d.p.)

Exercise 6F
1 Find the fraction of a circle represented by these sectors.
a b c

4 cm 5 cm
12 cm

120 20
60

2 Calculate the curved length and hence the perimeter of the sectors in question 1.

Example 2

Calculate the area of this sector.

50
The sector is ---------- of a circle.
360
50 50
Area = ---------- r2
360
12.3 cm
50
= ---------- (12.3)2
360
= 66.0 cm2 (to 1 d.p.)
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 179

3 Calculate the area of the sectors in question 1.

4 Calculate the perimeter and area of these figures.

a b c d

5m
320
57 m 200
100
10 115 m
15.7 m

Example 3

Calculate the perimeter of this figure.

4m
70
Curved length = ---------- 2 4
360
= 4.887 m 70

Perimeter = 4.887 + 1.5 + 4 + 1.5 + 4 1.5 m

= 15.9 m (to 1 d.p.)

5 Calculate the perimeter of these figures.

a b

5m 8m
40
50 5.29 m
5.1 m
1.8 m
8.4 m

c d
53 cm
3.7 cm
70
18 cm 37

50 cm 0.65 m
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180 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

Example 4

Calculate the area of this figure.

55
Area = ---------- r2 + lb
360
55 55
Area = ---------- (135)2 + 81 135
360
= 19 682.4 cm2 (to 1 d.p.) 81 cm

135 cm

6 Calculate the area of the figures in question 5.

7 Calculate the area and perimeter of this figure made of semicircles.

24 cm

8 Calculate the area of this figure.

30

3m
50 50
8m
40
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 181

Language in Mathematics

Johann Kepler (15711630)

Johann Kepler was born in the German town of
Wurttemberg. Although small and suffering from ill
health, he was recognised as being intelligent. With
a scholarship he was able to attend the University
of Tubingen, where he studied first for the Lutheran
ministry and then science. He studied under a master
in astronomy who believed in, and taught, the
Copernican theory that the Earth rotated around its
own axis, and also about the Sun. Kepler taught
mathematics in Graz from 1594.

In 1600 he went to Prague and became assistant

to Tycho Brahe, an important astronomer. After
Brahes death, Kepler succeeded him as astronomer
and mathematician to the emperor. Kepler had
access to Brahes extensive records of observations
and calculations.

With his belief in the Copernican theory, he became

one of the founders of modern astronomy. He
developed three fundamental laws of planetary motion,
now known as Keplers Laws, in 1609. These proposed, among other things, that the Sun was at the
centre of our planetary system, and that the orbits of the planets were elliptical rather than circular.
Sixty years later these laws helped Newton develop his Universal Law of Gravitation.

Kepler also suggested that tides are caused by the Moons gravitational pull on the seas. He
produced tables giving the positions of the Sun, Moon and planets, which were used for about
100 years. In 1611 he proposed an improved refracting telescope, and later suggested a reflecting
telescope developed by Newton.

1 a How old was Kepler when he died?

b When and where did Kepler teach Mathematics?
c Describe the development of Keplers ideas concerning planetary motion.
d Research Keplers three laws.
e For how long were his tables of positions used?
f How are tides formed?

2 Insert the vowels in these glossary terms.

a c __ rcl __ b q __ __ dr __ l __ t __r __ l
c c __ mp __s __ t __ d rh __ mb __ s
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182 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

e k __ t __ f s __ ct __ r
g tr __ p __ z __ __ m h tr __ __ ngl __

3 Rearrange these words to form a sentence.

a circle a semicircle A half is
b a is of quarter quadrant A circle
c are shapes calculated Composite dividing by area up the
d may way than Composite more in areas one be found

4 Use every third letter to find the sentence.
WDTRFHTGEHYAUJRNHEGBAVFOEDFSWAAZRDFHHJOLPMOE
BQAUZDSFYOIJRBWAQAKCGIHJTIIEOPILLSGFHDEASKLAXFV
BTHQHSOEYAPEFRHKOIPDNMUAECSDTCGOHNFBETWXHAUEI
ODAGIBHAJKGNHODSNWEADFLTYS

Glossary
area circle circumference composite figure
diameter formula kite parallelogram
perimeter quadrant quadrilateral radius
rhombus sector semicircle trapezium
triangle

CHECK YOUR SKILLS

1 The formula A = 1--2- xy could be used to find the area of a:

A parallelogram B trapezium C rhombus D all of these

2 The area of this trapezium is closest to: 5.1 cm

A 15.2 cm2
B 30.4 cm2
3.8 cm
C 56.202 cm2
D 28.101 cm2
2.9 cm

3 0.9 m The area of this kite is:

A 1.17 m2
B 2.34 m2
1.3 m
C 0.585 m2
D 2.2 m2
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 183

4 The area of this rhombus is:

A 107.01 cm2 8.7 cm
B 13.37625 cm2
C 26.7525 cm2 12.3 cm
D 53.505 cm2

5 The shaded area is:

A 174.9 cm2
10 m

B 99.5 cm2
4m 4m
C 225.1 cm2
20 m D 300.5 cm2

6 The perimeter of this semicircular

2.8 m
garden is closest to:
A 7.2 m
B 8.8 m
C 4.4 m
D 8.96 m

7 The perimeter of this shape is:

A 18.05 m
1.6 m B 16.45 m
C 10.5 m
D 8.9 m

8 Tiarne has 35 m of garden edging. The radius of the circular garden she can enclose with
this edging is:
A 11.1 m B 5.6 m C 220 m D 3848 m

9 The perimeter of a rhombus with diagonals 5.2 cm and 8.6 cm is closest to:
A 3.4 cm B 22.36 cm C 5 cm D 20.1 cm

10 The area of this figure is closest to:

A 7.84 m2
B 14 m2
C 5.88 m2
D 9.8 m2
1.4 m

11 The shaded area is closest to:

A 25.16 cm2
B 65.3 cm2
C 29.7 cm2
4.8 cm D 14.8 cm2
1.5 cm
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184 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

12 A farmer fertilises the paddock consisting of a

rectangle and a semicircle as shown.
The fertiliser is spread at the rate of 4.5 kilograms 35 m
per square metre. The amount of fertiliser the
farmer needs is closest to:
A 10 t B 7.875 t 50 m
C 12.2 t D 2.231 t

13 The perimeter of this sector is closest to:

A 22 cm
B 29 cm
C 46 cm
D 70 cm

105

12 cm

14 The area of this sector is closest to:

A 3.87 cm2
B 7.6 cm2
C 15.6 cm2
57
D 222.3 cm2
3.9 cm

Use this diagram to answer questions 15 and 16.

15 The perimeter of the shape is closest to: 4.2 m

A 67.42 m B 18.99 m
C 14.8 m D 2.7855 m 38

16 The area of the shape is closest to: 1.8 m

A 5.85 m2 B 9.02 m2
2
C 13.41 m D 14.8 m2

If you have any difficulty with these questions, refer to the examples and questions in the sections
listed in the table.

Question 15 69 10, 11 12 1316

Section B C D E F
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 185

REVIEW SET 6A

1 Copy and complete.

a 85 cm = ___ m b 15 000 m2 = ___ ha c 3.5 km = ___ m

2 Find the perimeter of these shapes.

a b c d
8 cm
3m 4 cm
3 cm 4 cm

7m 18 m 10 cm

3 a A rectangular field 110 m by 75 m is to be fenced. Find the total length of fencing required.
b Find the perimeter of a right-angled triangle with hypotenuse length 26 cm and one other
side length 10 cm.

4 Find the perimeter correct to 1 decimal place.

a 15 cm b

13 cm
8 cm 5 cm
24 cm
5 cm

5 A satellite has a circular orbit 700 km above the surface of the Earth. If the radius of the
Earth is 6400 km, how far does the satellite travel in one orbit?

6 Find the area of these shapes.

a b
10 m

5m 14 cm 7 cm
5 cm

6m 15 cm

7 Find the shaded area.

a b c

40
8 cm 8 cm
3.2 m
10 cm 15 cm
4.8 m
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186 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

REVIEW SET 6B

1 Copy and complete.

a 4.28 ha = ___ m2 b 3 cm2 = ___ mm2 c 4300 cm = ___ m

2 Find the perimeter of these shapes.

a b c d
25 m
5 cm 7 cm
10 cm
15 m
12 cm 12 cm 12 m

3 a A rectangular swimming pool is 20 m by 10 m and is surrounded by a path 2 m wide.

What is the perimeter around the outside edge of the path?
b Find the perimeter of a rhombus with diagonals 12 cm and 16 cm.

4 Find the perimeter correct to 1 decimal place.

a b
12 cm

6 cm 15 cm

5 A machine makes circular plates with circumference 60 cm. Find the diameter of the plate
correct to 1 decimal place.

6 Find the area of these shapes.

a b c
7.3 cm 22.4 cm 80
4.2 cm
5.3 m
6.5 cm 18.3 cm

7 Find the shaded area.

a b

1m 5 cm
12 cm
10 m

15 m
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Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1 187

REVIEW SET 6C
1 Calculate the perimeter of each shape.
a b 7 cm

11 cm 15 cm

8 cm
5 cm

2 Write the formula for the area of the following shapes.

a rectangle b rhombus c trapezium

3 Calculate the area of each shape.

a b 17 cm

18 cm 3 cm
7 cm
6 cm

25 cm 9 cm

4 Farmer Smith has a rectangular paddock that is 408 m wide and 673 m in length.
Calculate the cost of fencing the paddock if fencing costs $8.53 per m.

5 Karl wishes to cut a triangle from a rectangular piece

of wood, as shown. Calculate:
a the area of the triangle if the base is 52 cm and 1.2 m 64 cm
the height is 64 cm
b the area remaining after the triangle is removed 52 cm
2.3 m
6 Find the area and perimeter of these.
a b

4.5 m
75
4.3 m

8.2 m 6m
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188 Perimeter and Area (Chapter 6) Syllabus reference MS5.1.1, 5.2.1

REVIEW SET 6D

1 Calculate the perimeter of each shape.

a b 12 cm

15 cm
10 cm
24 cm
6 cm
12 cm
2 Write the formula for the area of these shapes.
a trapezium b kite c parallelogram

3 Calculate the area of each shape.

a b

29 cm
16 cm
17 cm

35 cm 33 cm

4 Crystal walks around her block three times each morning. If the block is 450 m by 384 m,
calculate the distance that she walks each morning. Express your answer in kilometres.

5 Deborahs lounge room is shown opposite. 3.4 m

Calculate the cost of carpeting the lounge
room if the carpet costs $119.80 per square
metre. 2.7 m 2.3 m
1.6 m
6 Find the perimeter of each.
a b
2.1 m 8.3 m 2.1 m

7.2 cm
4.5 m