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    Frontiers and boundaries define political territories in different ways: - A frontier is a politico-geographical area between states that prevents direct contact and allows for expansion into new lands. It looks outward and encourages growth. - A boundary marks the clear physical limit of a state's sovereignty and jurisdiction. It is oriented inward and signifies integration within the state under a central authority. - While boundaries divide clearly defined political territories regulated by law, frontiers provide scope for interaction between neighboring states and societies in a dynamic way as political communities expand and evolve over time.

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    Notes on Frontiers and Boundaries

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    Frontiers and boundaries define political territories in different ways: - A frontier is a politico-geographical area between states that prevents direct contact and allows for expansion into new lands. It looks outward and encourages growth. - A boundary marks the clear physical limit of a state's sovereignty and jurisdiction. It is oriented inward and signifies integration within the state under a central authority. - While boundaries divide clearly defined political territories regulated by law, frontiers provide scope for interaction between neighboring states and societies in a dynamic way as political communities expand and evolve over time.

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    104 views3 pages

    Notes On Frontiers and Boundaries

    Uploaded by

    gaurav3145
    Frontiers and boundaries define political territories in different ways: - A frontier is a politico-geographical area between states that prevents direct contact and allows for expansion into new lands. It looks outward and encourages growth. - A boundary marks the clear physical limit of a state's sovereignty and jurisdiction. It is oriented inward and signifies integration within the state under a central authority. - While boundaries divide clearly defined political territories regulated by law, frontiers provide scope for interaction between neighboring states and societies in a dynamic way as political communities expand and evolve over time.

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    NotesonFrontiersandBoundaries

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    Frontier:
    Inthepast,duringthepoliticalevolutionsofastate,stateswereseparatedbyareas,notlines.Thefunctionof
    theinterveningareawastopreventdirectcontactbetweentheneighbouringstatesanditwasreferredtoasa
    frontier.

    Afrontier,can,thus,bedefinedasapoliticogeographicalarea,lyingbeyonddefinedbordersofapolitical
    unitintowhichexpansioncouldtakeplace(forinstance,EuropeanpenetrationintotheZuluNatalareaand,
    inmoderntimes,Antarctica).Itisaphysicalandmoralconceptwhichimpliedlookingoutwardsandmoving
    outwards.Itisnotanabstractconceptbutafactoflifeamanifestationofthetendencyforspontaneous
    growthofecumene.

    AccordingtoLapradelle,therearethreestagesintheevolutionofafrontier,viz.,(i)designatedzoneof
    influenceofdifferentphysicalphenomena(ii)anthropologicalgeographicalconcept(iii)politicalfrontier.

    Boundary:
    Itimpliesthephysicallimitofsovereigntyandjurisdictionofastateitisamanifestationofintegrationand
    isorientedinwards.

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    Itscharacteristicsareasfollows:

    1.Itisstillpossibletorecognisefrontiercharacteristicsinboundaries,especiallyinsparselypopulated
    regions,suchasdeserts.Thisleadstominimumfriction.AnexampleistheboundarybetweenSpainand
    Portugal.
    2.Itisanappropriateconceptforthemodernstatewhereallthatiswithintheboundaryisboundtogetherby
    commonlaw,economy,physicalfeatures,ideaorcreedwithagovernmentorcentralauthorityineffective
    controloftheterritoryandactivitieswithintheboundaries.

    3.Itmaybereachedbyexpandingintofrontierswhenthenaturallimitsarereached.Forinstance,the
    westwardexpansionsoftheUSAintodesertfrontierstillthecoastlineswerereached.

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    4.Itisanouterlineofeffectivecontrolofthecentralgovernmentkeepingtheenemyoutandtheresources
    in.

    5.Itisalegalpoliticalphenomenonwhichisnotcreatedbutfixedbythepoliticaldecisionmakers.

    6.Itsignifiesdifferencesingoals,ideology,structure,interestsetc.fromthoseoftheneighbouringstates.

    BoundaryandFrontierAComparison:
    1.Aboundaryisorientedinwards.Itisamanifestationofintegration,andisacentripetalforceafrontieris
    orientedoutwardsandisamanifestationofthespontaneoustendencytogrow,ofecumene,andisa
    centrifugalforce.

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    2.Aboundaryiscreatedandmaintainedbythewillofthegovernment.Ithasnolifeofitsown,notevena
    materialexistenceafrontierisafactoflifeandexistsphysicallyongroundasadynamicentity.

    3.Aboundaryiswelldefinedandregulatedbylaw.Itpossessesuniformcharacteristics.Afrontierisa
    phenomenonofhistoryand,likehistory,itisunique.

    4.Aboundaryisaseparatingfactorwhereasafrontierprovidesscopeformutualinteractionandexchange.

    Conclusion:
    Existenceofboundariesshowsthatapoliticalcommunityhasreachedarelativedegreeofmaturity,
    orderlinessandbeinglawabiding.Frontiersandboundariesareproductsofsociopoliticalforcesandare,
    thus,subjectiveandnotobjective

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