MANUKAU INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY - FACULTY OF

ENGINEERING AND TRADES

NEW ZEALAND DIPLOMA IN
ENGINEERING(MECHANICAL)

MECHANICS

BENDING MOMENT
(23 May 2016)

CREATED BY: ABHISHEK CHIB

LECTURER: CORNELIS KOK

I declare that this assignment contains my own work only. No part of it is

either a copy of any other persons work. I have not allowed access to this
assignment, in part or in full to any other person. Any work or images that
are not my own have been referenced appropriately.
 OBJECTIVE AND RELEVANT
THEORY:-

OBJECTIVE:-
To comprehend the action of the moment of resistance within the
beam.
To measure the bending moment at a normal section of a loaded
beam and to compare it with the theoretical value.

RELEVANT THEORY:-
Bending moment is found in a simple component when a moment is applied to the
component so that the component bends.

Bending moments show the sum of rotating forces about that beam of all external forces
acting to the other side of the beam.

The loads and reactions which are supporting are the external forces acting on the beam and
they should be in equilibrium.

If Bending moments are taken as negative, then a negative bending moment within the
component will bring about sagging and a clockwise moment will cause hogging.

It is accordingly clear in a beam, that a state of zero bending moment inside a beam is a point
of flexure. [1]

[2]
 FIGURE: - BENDING MOMENT ACTING ON A BEAM.

THEORY BASED ON THE LAB

EXPERIMENT:-

FIGURE: - BENDING MOMENT

EXPERIMENT:-

In this figure shown above or in the experiment a horizontal beam is cut

into two divisions which also supported the beam and are part A and part
B. If it not had been cut then it would be equal to the sum of forces
produces internally in the beam at that section which is held by the spring
balances. The values will be same after the experiment if we apply on
both sides of the section. Therefore, the forces which are in part A are
acting on part B is totally identical to the forces which are in part B and
are acting on A. In this lab experiment in the beam and tension which are
under spring balances come out with compression.
 ASSUMPTIONS:-

The moment of resistance on the right side support A of the sub

divided beam is equal to the moment of resistance on the left side
support B.
The load is always applied on the beam when the beam is in plane
of symmetry.
The beam is linear and elastic structure.
The beam must be straight with respect to supports And B.
M(x) is the bending moment of a beam.

APPARATUS:-

In this lab report, the figure is sub divided in two components which are
left and right side. The left side is smaller which part is A and the right
side is larger which part is B. When comes to the hinge, the resistance is
under the spring balances which are acting on a lever arm which is of
dimension = 0.15m. Beam is supported by the bearings which are on
stands.

Beam supports ( A and B)

Spring balances
Weights (2N,5N,10N,20N)
Pen
Record sheet
Measuring scale
Liver arm
Hing
Load hangers (THREE)

 PROCEDURES:-
The beam supports must be checked at 0.9m
It would be insured that the bearing pin at point C is
positioned which is 0.3m from the left support of part A.

STARTING FROM THE PART 1:-

The load hanger must be positioned 0.1m from A, the 2nd

load hanger must be positioned at 0.3m from the right
section of part A, and the 3rd load hanger must be positioned
at 0.6 from the right support of part A.
On the spring balance by the help of spring balance adjuster,
align the two sub divided sections of the beam.
Analysis and record the initial no loading reading from the
results table 1.
Then on a hanger which is 0.1 from right side support place
the 10N force and re align the beam and read the balance and
record the spring balance force on results table 1.
Then move the weight to the 2nd and 3rd hanger and repeat all
the steps again.
Repeat the whole steps taking weight of 0, 5, 10, 20N.
Results are shown in raw data collected and calculations.

0.
9
0.6m
m
0.
3
0. m
1
m
 AW1 W2 W3 B
NOW, PART 2:-
On the 3rd hanger, remove all loads in the beam and move the
hanger consist of load to 0.5m from right support of A.
On the spring, with the help of spring balance adjuster align
the two sub sections one which is right and other which is
left supported by A and B respectively.
Then analysis and record the value of balance.
Then perform again the step for another load onto hanger
which is 0, 2, 5, 10, 12N.
Then record the readings per different loads.
Then find bending moment at the point C.
Results are shown in the raw data calculated and calculations
section.

C
A B

W W
1 W 3
2
 HEALTH AND SAFETY:-

The safety is the most protecting concern within health and safety area.
We must have to ensure that area we are performing our lab report is
sheltered or safe area.
Laws and rules must be followed within the lab when working for your
report lab.
The area in which lab is going, the floor must not be wet.
Carefully deal with the setup of the experiment.
Always wear safety shoes, as going to deal with the loads or weights in
the experiment.
If any danger takes place let know your teacher or lab attended first.
The students must given lessons on health and safety so that they must be
aware of the mis-happenings and the costs which are done by mistake.

DISCUSSIONS:-

When load is increased, on the point C the bending moment is also gets
increase in same proportion which we founded that the theoretical value
is less than the experimental value.
At the spring reading balance by apply no weight we may be able to
decide force which produces moment at C. We will multiply 0.15m with
the diagram provided in the lab report.
When we increase load on beam it will not stay horizontal perfectly
because the ground is tough.
We can get rid of this level of horizontal beam by rotating spring balance
for smoother.
In basic beams which are supported, bending moment can be proved.
M (MOMENT) = F (FORCE) X D (DISTANCEWHICH IS OPPOSITE)
The structure comprises linear elastic figure and also a reading which is
added single time to form different evaluation into load case.
There are differences between the values of theoretical and experimental
but there is a bit difference not that much.
 We have found that due to the elasticity of spring balances differences
have caused.
There are multiple considerations among the difference in the answer of
theoretical and experimental values.
There are also deflections or can say change in readings of both the
values theoretical and experimental respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:-

Beam is supported by two supports and vertical loads and also known as
component.
The bend and shear are found when the load is acted on vertical along
supports A and B.
In basic beam the vertical phase gets help of load and reaction.
Comparison of the theoretical values and experimental values for part A
and B in result table 1 and also for result table 2.
The moment of resistance in the beam which is sub divided is loaded.

REFRENCE LIST:-

[1 A. KASSIMALI, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, STAMFORD, USA: TIMOTHY ANDERSON.

]

[2 [Online]. Available:
] http://www.codecogs.com/library/engineering/materials/shear-force-and-
bending-moment.php. [Accessed 23 MAY 2016].

[3 F. P. BEER, VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS, MC GRAW HILL.

]