National Symbols o

f India

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 National Emblem of Indi
a

(1) The National Emblem of India is an adaptation form the Sarnath Lion
Capital of Ashoka.

(2) In the original there are four Lions standing back to back mounted
on an abacus.

(3) The four animals at the bottom of the national emblem are a
galloping horse and a bull (visible) and a lion and a elephant (not
visible) separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus.

(4) The Lion Capital was erected in the third century B.C. by Emperor
Ashoka.

(5) The National Emblem was adopted by the Government of India on

26th January 1950.

(6) The words SATYAMEVA JAYATE taken from Mundaka Upanishad

are inscribed below the abacus in the Devanagri script.

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 Indian National Ca
lendar

(1)The National Calendar based on the SAKA ERA with Chaitra as its first month
and a normal year of 365 days was adopted on 22nd March 1957.
(2) Chaitra is the first month of the year, falling on 22nd March normally and on
21st March in a leap year.
(3) The dates of the National Calendar have a permanent correspondence with the
dates of the Gregorian Calendar.
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 National Flag of In
dia
(1) The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent
Assembly of Sovereign India on 22nd July 1947.

(2)The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of saffron at the top, white in

the middle and green at the bottom.

(3) The ratio of the width of the National Flag to its length is 2:3.

(4) The design of the wheel (DHARMACHAKRA) is taken from the abacus
of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.

(5)The wheel (DHARMACHAKRA) or Ashoka Chakra at the centre has 24

spokes and is navy blue in colour.

(6) Flag code of India, 2002 (effected on 26 January 2002) governs the
display of National Flag of India.
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 India National An
them
(1) The national anthem JANA GANA MANA was
composed by poet Rabindranath Tagore in
Bengali.

(2) It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of

Sovereign India on 24 January 1950.

(3) It was rendered in English by Tagore himself.

(4) It was first sung on 27th December, 1911 at

the Calcutta Session of the Indian National
Congress.

(5) The complete song consists of five stanzas.

The first stanza constitutes the full version of the
National Anthem.

(6) The playing time of the National Anthem is 52

seconds.
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 National Song of I
ndia
(1) Bankim Chandra Chatterji's composed song
"VANDE MATARAM" taken from ANAND MATH has
been adopted as the National Song of India.

(2) It was also adopted by the Constituent

Assembly of Sovereign India on 24 January
1950.

(3) It has an equal status with JANA GANA MANA.

(4) It was first sung in the 1896 session of the

Indian National Congress.

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National Animal of
India

Tiger (Panthera
tigris)

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National Bird of I
ndia

Peacock (Pavo
cristatus)

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National Fruit of I
ndia

Mango (Mangifera
indica)

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National Flower of
India

Lotus (Nelumbo
nucifera)

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National Tree of I
ndia

Banyan (Ficus
benghalensis)

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National River of
India

The Ganges

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