Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 - Contents
2 Unit 1 Articles 3
3 Unit 2 Nouns 7
4 Unit 3 Proper Nouns 10
5 Unit 4 Countable & Uncountable Nouns 11
6 Unit 5 Collective Nouns 12
7 Unit 6 Pronouns 15
8 Unit 7 Reflexive Pronouns 20
9 Unit 8 Demonstrative Pronouns 22
10 Unit 9 Verbs 23
11 Unit 10 Subject Verb Agreement 25
12 Unit 11 Auxiliary Verbs / Modals 29
13 Unit 12 Verb To Be 33
14 Unit 13 Simple Present Tense 36
15 Unit 14 Simple Past Tense 39
16 Unit 15 Simple Future Tense 48
17 Unit 16 Progressive Tense Past & Present 51
18 Unit 17 Past Progressive Tense 53
19 Unit 18 Present Progressive 55
20 Unit 19 Prepositions 57
21 Unit 20 Adverbs 63
22 Unit 21 Adjectives 67
23 Unit 22 Questions Tag 74
24 Unit 23 Wh-Questions 77
25 Unit 24 Conjunctions 80
26 Unit 25 Punctuation 86
27 BONUS 100 Questions Grammar Practice 95
This refers to something specific or definite. The usually means You know which ones(s)
Im talking about.
2. Indefinite article a / an
This is non-specific or indefinite. A / an shows that we are talking about one person or
thing. We often use a / an:
in descriptions
Shes an interesting person. Hes got a loud voice.
when we say what something is, or what somebodys job is.
This is a return ticket. Im an engineer.
(-) No article is used before the names of countries, cities, streets, continents, lakes,
mountains, villages, etc.
He lives in (-) Toronto, a large city in (-) Canada on the shores of (-)
Lake Ohio.
(-) No article is also common before uncountable, plural and often abstract nouns when
we are talking about things in general.
Have we got any (-) milk?
(-) Oranges are nicer than (-) apples.
In general, an is used when the word following it begins with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u):
an umbrella, an elephant, an octopus, an idea, an apple.
BUT
- If the first letter of the word is a vowel, but sounds like a consonant, then use a: a used
car, a useful gadget.
- If the first letter of the word is a consonant, but sounds like a vowel, then use an: an
hour, an honest man, an MG sports car.
EXERCISE 2
EXERCISE 3
19 ___________ Indian girl in the blue dress was crying just now.
NOTES
We often use a / an to talk about a person or thing for the first time; and the when
we talk about the person or thing again.
A man walked up to a policeman. The man took out a map and asked the policeman ...
Remember: We dont use a / an with plurals. We can use the with plurals.
e.g. She bought the shoes last week.
EXERCISE 4
A Bag in a Bag
This is a true story. Last year I went into 1_________ big sports shop because I wanted
2_________ sports bag. 3___________ assistant came up to me, and I told him what I
wanted. 4___________ assistant brought me three different bags. I chose 5__________
smallest one and paid for it. 6___________ assistant put 7__________ bag in 8_________
large plastic bag. I told him one bag was enough, and asked him to take 9________ bag out
of 10________ other bag. He did so, but he looked very unhappy as I walked out of
11__________ shop.
EXERCISE 6
EXERCISE 1
5. Puan Romizah is our ______________ . She comes to school very early in the
morning.
6. The king and ____________visited the old folks home last week.
7. The manager and his ________________ attended the meeting last Monday.
10.Pn Laily is a very humble and helpful ___________.All her college students like her.
8. The robbers broke into the shop and took all the money.
EXERCISE 3
FEMININE MASCULINE
mother - father
1. wife - _____________
2. bride - _____________
3. daughter - _____________
4. heiress - _____________
5. niece - _____________
6. bridesmaid - _____________
7. princess - _____________
8. headmistress - _____________
9. policewoman - _____________
EXERCISE 1
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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UNIT 4 : COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted such as books, pencils, cars and tvs.
Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted such as sugar, air, water and
hair.
EXERCISE 1
3. There are ( much, many) things that you can do in your free time.
8. There are only (much, a few) pieces of paper left on the table.
11. They were scolded because they made ( many, a lot of) noise.
12. ( A lot of, Many) of the children were not feeling well and had to be sent home.
14. I dont have any money left. Can you lend me ( some, much)?
15. The Smiths family will spend ( a lot of , a few) days in Hawaii.
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EXERCISE 2
There is only ONE mistake in each sentence. Underline it and rewrite each sentence
correctly.
Example :
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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UNIT 5 : COLLECTIVE NOUN
A collective noun is the name of a number of persons, animals or things grouped
together and spoken of as one whole.
a company of actors
a host of angels
a gang of labourers
a bevy of girls/ ladies/ beauties
a bench of magistrates
a tribe of natives
a posse of policemen
a crew of sailors
a choir of singers
a team of players
a staff of teachers
a circle of friends
a band of magicians
a haggle of vendors
a monastery of monks
a convent of nuns
a shush of librarians
an army of soldiers
an audience of spectators
an embassy of diplomats
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EXERCISE 1
1. a ___staff __ of teachers.
2. a __________ of sheep.
3. a __________ of students.
4. a __________ of people.
5. a __________ of executives.
6. a __________ of members.
7. a __________ of jurors.
8. a __________ of ships.
9. a __________ of flowers
10. an __________ of spectators.
11. a __________ of people.
12. a __________ of stamps
13. an _________ of musicians.
14. a __________ of players
15. a __________ of workers.
16. a __________ of sailors.
EXERCISE 2
3. What is that ( set , pair , pack ) of tools doing under the car.
5. A ( troupe, group, party) of dancers came to our school concert last year.
6. The small girl sang a song in front of a ( tribe, staff , crew ) of teachers.
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9. Kassim gave his sick grandmother a ( comb, bunch, pack ) of grapes.
10. The girls saw a ( gang, herd , group ) of cows in the field.
11. The office is at the top of that ( flight , row , group ) of stairs.
12. She ordered a ( suit , suite , row ) of furniture for her new house.
13. The boys were chased by a ( herd , troop , pack ) of stray dogs.
14. Miss Tan has a ( stack , group , chest ) exercise books to mark.
16. The fisherman saw a ( school , flock , swarm ) of whales in the ocean.
18. The ( team , crew , pride ) of hockey players from my school is very good.
21. Last night I saw a ( collection , cluster , bouquet ) of stars in the sky.
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UNIT 6 : PRONOUNS
We use pronouns to replace nouns.
We also use pronouns to avoid repeating the same nouns in every sentence.
Here are some examples of how personal pronouns can be used to replace nouns.
First person
Mariam and I went to the cinema.
Second person
John, will you be playing football this afternoon? asked Ravi.
Third person
Ramesh admires Mr. Lee greatly.
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EXERCISE 1
Fill in each blank with a suitable personal pronoun from the box below.
1. Robert went out to play after ______he____ had taken his lunch.
2. Nomads are wanderers and ______________ do not have any fixed homes.
3. Have you seen Susan? I have not seen _____________ since last week.
4. The gardener told _____________ not to play near the road but we did not listen.
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EXERCISE 2
7. The boys are happy because __________ father bought for them some presents.
12. Mrs Tan is not at home. She has gone to __________ mothers house.
14. Badrul and I went to Ipoh last night. ____________ went there by bus.
15. Did all of ______________ enjoy yourselves? Rahim asked the children.
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EXERCISE 3
7. Muthu is not at home. He had gone to _______ fathers house. ( her, his )
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UNIT 7 : REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
We use a reflexive pronoun after a verb when the subject and the object are the same
person.
Language Notes:
If the subject and object are the same, we use reflexive pronoun as the object. Compare:
I see myself.
You see yourself.
He sees himself.
She sees herself.
It sees itself.
We see ourselves.
You see yourselves.
They see themselves.
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EXERCISE 1
8. Maybe you expect too much of marriage, Hussin. Dont be so hard on ____________.
9. I have to take care of the children. They cant take care of _____________.
10. Dont just look at the problems. Give _____________ credit for the good things you have
done too.
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UNIT 8 : DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
Pronouns can be used to point out persons, things, or ideas. A pronoun that points out
something is called a demonstrative pronoun.
The forms this is and these are used to point to things nearby. That is and those are used
to point to things farther away.
EXERCISE 1
Singular Plural
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UNIT 9 : VERBS
The most important word in a sentence is the verb.
A verb expresses :
I ) an action 2 ) an event 3 ) a state
* drink * organise * moves
walk celebrate shines
Most verbs are used to express actions.
Aminah has
He does
She delivers
It plays
Raju waters
I have
You do
They deliver
We walk
The boys play
Lim and Chan water
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We celebrate Teachers Day on 16 May every year.
Our Principal gives a speech at our prize giving day every year.
Birds fly.
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UNIT 10 : SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
A sentence consists of a subject and a verb. The subject may be a noun or a pronoun.
The verb must agree with its subject. When the subject is singular, the verb must be singular
too. ( the singular verb normally ends with an s )
When the subject is plural, the verb must be plural as well. (The plural verb normally does
not end with ans).
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EXERCISE 1
EXERCISE 2
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EXERCISE 3
A. go B. goes
C. went D. is going
A. does B. do
C. did D. is
A. like B. liking
C. likes D. liked
A. is B. was
C.were D. are
A. has B. have
C. does D. is
A. brush B. brushed
C. brushes D. am brushing
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A. Does C. Is
B. Do D. Did
A. goes B. go
C. is going D. going
A. want B. wants
C. wanted D. wanting
A. watch B. watches
C. watched D. watching
EXERCISE 4
Underline the correct verb so that it agrees with the subject in each of the sentences below.
7. The Form 3 Wira students (arrives, arrive) very late at the laboratory.
9. Nurul Huda (are, is) not satisfied with her present performance in the class.
10. The competition (is, are) one of the many events organized by the Hobby Club.
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UNIT 11 : AUXILIARY VERBS / MODALS
Not all verbs express action.
Verbs that do not express action are either verbs or auxiliary verbs
An auxiliary verb is a helping verb.
It is always before a verb
She has done her work.
It regulates the tense of its sentence.
We could see the sun rising in the east ( past tense )
Common auxiliary verbs :
am , are , be ,can , could , had , has , have ,is , may
might, must , shall, should ,was , were, will , would
Could
To express possibility Mother could have waited
for us
Modals or auxiliary verbs are used with another verb to express possibility, permission,
obligation, determination, refusal, etc. Can, could, will, would, must,
might, may, shall, should are all termed modals.
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Modals Functions/Usage Examples
Have to,
I have to study tonight
Must To express necessity
She must go to the clinic today.
need
EXERCISE 1
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EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs given in the box.
1 This man ___________working as a lawyer in the same firm where my father works.
11 My father ____________ just taken my brother to the dentist. They will be back in
an hour.
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EXERCISE 3
Fill in the blanks with can, cannot, may or may not to make meaningful sentences.
8. She must stay in the hospital. The doctor says she have dengue.
EXERCISE 4
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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UNIT 12 : VERB-TO-BE
It consists of am, is, are, was and were.
The base form is be; the progressive form is being; and the participle form is
been.
Functions :
o The verb to be has two main functions: as the main verb and as the helping
verb.
o As a helping verb, it functions to indicate progressive tenses and passive
sentences.
Depending on the subject and the tense, the verb to be changes its form into am, is,
are, was were or been.
Thus, we have:
1. I am a teacher.
2. He was our guest speaker last year.
3. He is good at English.
4. They are in the room now.
1. He is learning English.
2. She is being childish now!
3. They are cooking for the party tonight.
4. She was sleeping when I dropped by yesterday.
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VERB-TO-BE
EXERCISE 1
2.Either she or they ________to take the things to your house afterwards.
3.Too much salt _______ bad for you for it will give you high blood pressure.
4.The town council ________ proposing a law to make every house owner pay extra tax. I
6.Every man and every woman __________ to help to make this scheme a success.
7.He can never give up politics because politics _________ in his blood.
8.The policemen ________ setting up road blocks everywhere to catch the robbers.
9.There ________ a number of chairs in the canteen. You can take one of them.
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EXERCISE 2
2. Every boy and every girl in the school __________ asked to help in the concert last
month.
3. Neither he nor I __________ wrong in this matter. So, do not blame either of us.
4. Not only his friends but also his enemies __________ praising him for his honesty at a
5. There __________ very little variety in the food they served in the canteen.
6. The crew and passengers ____________ treated to dinner when they landed on the
island.
7. His family ___________ always eating durians when they visited their grandparents in
the village.
8. The class ___________ quietly doing their work when the teacher went to the office.
9. The Beautiful Garden ____________ written by a Malaysian author three years ago.
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UNIT 13 : SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The Simple Present Tense is used to show a truth or a fact
Study the examples below:
The Simple Present Tense is also used for actions which are done habitually or which
happens regularly.
Adverbs like every morning, once a month, usually, always, never , often can be
used with the Simple Present Tense.
REMEMBER:
Singular nouns take the singular form of the verb in the simple present tense.
Plural nouns take the plural form of the verb in the simple present tense.
We use the Simple Present when we talk about something which happens repeatedly.
Eg: Every morning, Ali wakes up, brushes his teeth and takes a bath.
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Study the table below carefully. It will help you.
SINGULAR PLURAL
EXERCISE 1
Underline the correct forms of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
3. Anna and Ben [ practises / practise ] playing the piano an hour everyday.
8. Sometimes the children [ walk / walks ] to school but usually their father [ drive /
drives] them.
9. Sheila and her cousins often [ participate / participates] in essay writing competitions.
10. My friend [ speak / speaks ] Chinese fluently but he [ do not know / does not know
EXERCISE 2
Sarah ( 1) ( is / are ) a policewoman. Her day (2) ( begin / begins ) early. She
(3) (leave / leaves ) for work at 6 a.m. each day. She ( arrives / arrive ) at the police station
at 7.45 a.m. At 8 a.m. she and the other officers (5) (attend / attends) a meeting. Their
police chief Captain Costa (6) ( talk / talks) to them about their duties for the day.
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Sarah and her partner Bill usually (7) (patrols / patrol ) a certain part of the city
each day. They ( 8 ) (make / makes ) sure that the streets and back alley ( 9 ) (is / are)
safe for the public. They visit shopping and video arcades to look for students who
(10) (play / plays) truant. Sarahs day often ( 11 ) ( end / ends ) at 6.30 p.m.
EXERCISE 3
Complete the sentences with the simple present tense of the verbs in the box.
4. My little brother ____________ home from school every afternoon to watch cartoons.
EXERCISE 4
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UNIT 14 : THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
The Simple Past Tense is used to talk about actions, states, and situations in the past.
We use the Simple Past when we talk about something which started and finished in the
past.
Eg: Yesterday, Ali woke up, brushed his teeth and took a bath.
We can use the Simple Past together with the Past Continuous .
Example:
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You can use the simple past tense with time expressions that refer to the past.
i. last
Examples:
ii. ago
Examples:
iii) yesterday
Examples:
Joe was at the cinema when their parents came back from Tokyo yesterday.
Ali and Zai were doing their assignments yesterday afternoon.
REGULAR VERBS
You will notice that the word look does not change when we add the suffix -ed and the
main verb look is the same. Therefore LOOK is a regular verb.
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EXERCISE 1
1. walk ____________________
2. play ____________________
3. boil ____________________
4. wash ____________________
5. kick ____________________
6. lock ____________________
7. watch ____________________
8. clean ____________________
9. sew ____________________
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EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks by changing the verb in the brackets into past tense form. The first
sentence has been done for you.
9. The headmaster _______ his teachers about the new programme. (inform)
10. The plumber _____ the broken pipe in just ten minutes. (fix)
EXERCISE 3
3. Siti ______________ after he sisters when her mother was away. (look, looked)
5. Sarimah and Karina ______________ the clothes and dried them outside. (washing,
washed)
6. Kamal ______________ to school yesterday because his bicycle broke down. (walked,
walk)
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7. David was bored, so he ______________ a movie last night. (watch, watched)
8. Lim and Shini ___________________ the desks and chairs just now. (arrange,
arranged)
9. Jokun __________________ a few books from the library just now. (borrowing,
borrowed)
10. She ___________________ with the headmaster an hour ago. (talk, talked)
11. The boys __________________ in the river yesterday evening.( playing, played)
12. When they _________________ the zoo, they bought the tickets at the counter. ( reach,
reached)
13. My grandmother ________________ some chilli seeds in the garden. (plants, planted)
14. My father and my uncle _____________________ the house last Sunday.( paint,
painted)
15. Puan Minah __________________ a hammer to hit the nail into the wall. (using, used)
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IRREGULAR VERBS
Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern. Their past tense is different.
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grow grew sink sunk
hang hung sit sat
hear heard slide slid
hide hid sleep slept
hold held smell smelt
keep kept smelled
know knew speak spoke
lay laid speed sped
lead led spend spent
learn learnt spin spun
learned spoil spoilt
leave left spoiled
lend lent stand stood
lie lay steal stole
light lit sweep swept
lighted swim swam
lose lost swing swung
make made take took
mean meant teach taught
meet met tear tore
pay paid tell told
read read think thought
ride rode throw threw
ring rang wake woke
rise rose wear wore
run ran win won
say said write wrote
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EXERCISE 1
2 The boys (swim) ________________in the swimming pool the whole morning.
9 The Prime Minister (shake) ____________hands with the teachers at the parade.
EXERCISE 2
2 The boys (swim) ________________in the swimming pool the whole morning.
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8 Cik Zarina Bi (pay) ____________the shopkeeper for the goods.
9 The Prime Minister (shake) ____________hands with the teachers at the parade.
EXERCISE 3
1. go ___________________
2. eat __________________-
3. sit __________________
4. see __________________
5. run ___________________
6. give ___________________
7. find ___________________
8. dig ___________________
9. sell ___________________
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EXERCISE 4
Irregular Verbs
6. Those boys _________ at the canteen during the recess. ( are, were )
8. Ali ________ the second prize for his story last week. ( win, won )
10. They __________ the wooden table in the hall. ( put, puts )
11. The boys ________ back late after the football match. ( come, came )
12. Linda _________ the song sweetly, so everyone clapped loudly. ( sings, sang )
13. The woman __________ bitterly when she heard the sad news. ( cries, cried )
15. Sharmila ________ a lot of water because the food was very spicy.
( drinks, drank )
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UNIT 15 : SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
We use the future tense to show future action.
REMEMBER!
Examples:
The following are examples of
some words that may be used with
I will go to your place on Monday. verbs in the future tense
9 pm tomorrow
Now Monday
Examples:
We can also use the going to form for future action that is planned earlier or
events that we think are likely to happen in the future. We form the simple future
tense using going to in this way:
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Examples:
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UNIT 16 : PROGRESSIVE TENSE- PAST AND PRESENT
The past continuous tense is formed by the past tense of the verb to be+ the present
participle.
It is used for past actions whose exact limits are not known.
The past continuous is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but
whose exact limits are not known and are not important.
Example:
PROGRESSIVE TENSE
By By By
adding ing omitting the e and adding doubling the last consonant
ing and adding ing
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EXERCISE 1
bring, hope, end, rejoice, raise, sweep, keep, bear, deserve, continue
1. _________________ 6. _________________
2. _________________ 7. _________________
3. _________________ 8. _________________
4. _________________ 9. _________________
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UNIT 17 : PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Notes: There must be an agreement between the subject and Past Progressive Tense
(verbs to- be and verb+ing) when using it in the past tense.
singular
singular verb-to-be
subject
The students were writing essays when the dismissal bell rang.
shows past
plural+ past base word + ing
tense
tense verb to
be ( omit e)
plural subject
was
Sentence structure : Singular subject
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EXERCISE 1
Study the subjects in the following sentences and write the correct Past Progressive Tense.
2. The teachers _____ _________ ( teach ) when they heard the announcement
5. The students _____ ______ (run) across the road when the accident happened.
6. A boy ________ ______________ (read) a book under the tree a moment ago.
8. My mother ______ __________________ (bake) some cookies in the kitchen when she
came.
9. The girls _________ ______________ (run) around the field when it started pouring.
10. The man and the woman ______ ______________ (watch) television in the living room
when they heard someone on the door.
EXERCISE 2
Study the subjects in the sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct verbs to be and
spelling of verb +ing form.
2. My mother _______ ______ (praise) Nana when the announcement of Gegar Vaganza
was made.
3. Kien Keat and Boon Heong __________ ________ (train) at the badminton academy
4. They _________ ________(feel) on top of the world when they won the competition.
54 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 18 : PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
We use the Present Continuous to show an action which is happening at the moment of
speaking.
EXERCISE 1
EXERCISE 2
55 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
8. The children __________________________ in the sea. ( am swimming, are
swimming)
9. The men ______________________ on the bench in the park. ( is sitting, are sitting)
10. A boy ______________________ a book under the tree. (is reading, are reading)
11. The birds _____________________ in the sky. (is flying, are flying)
12. My mother ________________________ some cookies in the kitchen. (is baking, are
baking)
13. The girls _______________________ around the field. (are running, is running)
14. The man and the woman _____________________ television in the living room. (is
watching, are watching)
15. The waiter ________________________ some food to the customers. (is serving,
are serving)
56 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 19 : PREPOSITIONS
A preposition is a word which is used before a noun or pronoun to show its relation
to some other words in the sentence. Preposition used in sentences show how
things, people, and animals relate to each other in space , time and others.
Examples
Preposition of time
ten minutes
for a month after
for two years
four days For + duration of
time
a long time
57 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
The weekend After
Night For + duration of time
At
Midnight
Noon
4 oclock/4 pm
Wednesday after
on Wednesday morning by
21 September 1990 until/till
Twenty-first September before
September 21 since (+point in time)
1998
Winter/summer
May
In
the morning
the afternoon
the evening
58 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
EXERCISE 2
Look at the picture and fill in the blanks with the words provided.
In on under up down
59 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
1. The fox is ______________the rock.
EXERCISE 3
Look at the picture. Read the sentence and number it based on the picture.
a. I am in the water.
b. I am up here in the tree.
c. I am on the leaf.
d. I am under the bridge.
e. I am under the tree.
60 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 4
EXERCISE 5
Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition. The words in the table may help you.
61 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 6
EXERCISE 7
7. Remember to switch off the lights ________ you leave the room.
8. The ball rolled ________ the stairs and fell ________ the drain.
62 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 20 : ADVERBS
There are several types of adverbs such as adverbs of manner, time, frequency, place
and degree.
Adverbs are words that describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
There are many kinds of adverbs.
Adverbs of Manner
Examples:
EXERCISE 1
63 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Adverbs can be formed from adjectives by adding ly or ily.
Example:
ADJECTIVES ADVERBS
1. angry angrily
2. great greatly
3. careful carefully
4. neat neatly
5. strange strangely
EXERCISE 2
brave greedy
bitter happy
brief loud
hopeful low
clear patient
correct quick
cruel sad
easy serious
free sudden
furious willing
64 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Choose and fill in each blank with suitable adverbs given below.
EXERCISE 4
65 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
ADVERBS OF DEGREE
Adverbs of degree describe to what degree. It answers the question on how much or
to what extent.
Examples:
EXERCISE 1
1. He is too shy.
2. Are you quite sure?
3. The walk was rather long.
4. The patient is much better today.
5. Do not walk so fast.
6. Sheila is very good at scrabble.
7. Do you think the food is rather tasteless?
8. This imported book is reasonably cheap.
9. There are more girls than boys in this class.
10. The activities that we had were less tiring.
66 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 21 : ADJECTIVES
An adjective tells us what something or someone is or seems like. It is used to
describe nouns or pronouns.
EXERCISE 1
3. She will not listen to your advice. She is a very stubborn girl.
4. Encik Abu Bakar is a dedicated teacher. All the pupils like him.
6. A brave man jumped into the river to save the drowning child.
67 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Comparison of Adjectives
i. Positive
ii.Comparative
iii. Superlative
2. The comparative degree is used to compare one person or thing with another.
3. The superlative degree is used to compare one person or thing with more than one
68 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
Comparative Superlative
Positive [ + -er ] [ + est ]
1 brave
2 great
3 near
4 fast
5 rich
EXERCISE 2
Comparative Superlative
Positive [ + -ier ] [ + iest ]
1 dirty
2 early
3 easy
4 happy
5 heavy
69 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
1 big
2 fat
3 hot
4 wet
5 sad
EXERCISE 4
1 bad
2 far
3 good
4 little
5 many
70 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 5
EXERCISE 6
Fill in the blanks by using the comparative or superlative forms of the adjectives in brackets.
71 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 7
3. The little girl has the ( sweet, sweeter, sweetest ) smile I have ever seen.
7. As far as I know, my mother bakes the ( good, better, best ) cheese cake.
10. This is the ( bad, worse, worst) fire in the last siz months.
12. Do you know which is the ( long, longer, longest ) river in the world?
13. Both the sisters are as ( tall, taller, tallest ) as their mother.
14. Can you speak ( loud, louder, loudest) ? I cant hear you from here.
20. There is ( much, more, most ) sugar in the bowl than the cup.
72 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 8
angry
beautiful
cheap
dirty
expensive
fat
cold
delicious
heavy
little
sad
thin
happy
long
short
poor
smart
good
tall
sweet
73 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 22 : QUESTION TAGS
The negative Question-Tag for positive statement
Examples:
- Breast milk is the perfect source of nutrition for infants, isnt it?
Examples:
If the statement contains a main verb, you must use the auxiliary do in the
Question-Tag. The tenses of the auxiliary do are determined by the tenses of the
main verb in the sentence.
Examples:
74 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
EXERCISE 2
75 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
Complete these statements with a question tag.
76 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 23 : WH-QUESTION WORDS
A question that asks for information normally uses one of the following question
words:
WH QUESTION
FUNCTION EXAMPLE
WORD
77 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
To ask about
What Q: What is he doing?
activities
(i) + a form of do A: He is reading a book on psychology.
(ii) + a noun Q: What games do you play?
To ask for specific
A: I play football and badminton.
information
EXERCISE 1
Response Question
She is my mother.
78 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 2
3. In order to make the rubber shoes, the rubber taken from the rubber tree has to be
treated.
4. Wool from the sheep must be cleaned and separated into the different grades of wool.
79 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
UNIT 24 : CONJUNCTIONS
When we produce a piece of writing, we will use certain words to join phrases,
clauses or sentences to show how one idea is related to another idea. These
words are link words and they are called conjunctions. Refer to the sentences
below :
(conjunction)
(The word because links sentence 1 to sentence 2 and is used to signal reason.)
TYPES OF CONJUNCTIONS
Example :
80 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
2. Conjunctions that show contrast.
Example :
Example :
as a result
Example :
81 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
5. Conjunctions that express similarity between two events or ideas.
bothand
neithernor
Example :
b. Neither Mr. Lim nor his wife are going for the show.
or
eitheror
Examples :
7. Conjunctions which link two events that are going on at the same time.
Example :
82 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
8. Conjunctions that show the purpose of an action.
Example :
a. He worked very hard so that he could pass his exams with flying colours.
c. He finished his work quickly so that he could watch the football game.
or else, unless
Example :
10. Conjunctions that refer to actions that have ended or will end at a particular time.
till, until
Example :
83 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 1
3. I will ask (either / neither) Samy or Muthu to give me a lift home today.
4. The children were extremely rude, (and / so) they were punished.
5. (Unless / Although) we stayed back late, we could not complete our project.
6. We will have to postpone the football game (because / if) it rains heavily today.
8. Soo Ching took a part time job (in order / so) to supplement her familys income.
9. (Because / Although) Encik Nordin is already eighty years old, he is still very active.
10. Sharon is absent today (so / because) she is not feeling well.
EXERCISE 2
7. Mr. Wong is rich __________ he refuses to donate any money for charity.
84 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
EXERCISE 3
1. They had to leave early ( because, until ) they had another meeting to attend.
2. You will not be able to solve it ( unless, since ) you understand this question.
3. My brother slept early( so that, because ) he could get up early the next morning.
5.. I like reading story books ( but, and ) I dont like drawing.
6. She had finished cleaning the house (and, although) the cooking before noon.
8. Give me back my book ( after, until ) you have finished reading it.
10. My brother has not come back ( although, since ) this morning.
11. Susan did not hear me ( unless, although ) I called her twice.
12. He could not play football ( because, so ) he had hurt his leg.
13. They stayed her overnight ( so, since ) it was too late to go home.
15. ( Because, Although) she knew the answer, she did not tell her friend.
16. ( Neither, Either ) my mother nor my father was home last night.
19. You cannot go for the trip ( until, unless ) you pay up the registration fee.
85 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
Unit 25 : Punctuation
86 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
5. A. The CIMB Bank is ten storeys high.
87 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
10. A. My uncle took me to pulau pisang for fishing.
88 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
15. A. How old are you now shafiee? Asked Jalal.
17. A. Ramli and Nizam like to play hockey, volleyball and golf.
19. A. Wahab visited the crocodile farm and Melaka zoo last sunday.
B. Wahab visited the crocodile Farm and Melaka Zoo last Sunday .
C. Wahab visited the Crocodile Farm and Melaka Zoo last Sunday.
89 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
20. A. Have you read the prisoner of zenda?
22. A The mountain climbers have reached the peak of Mount Kinabalu.
90 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
25. A Eskimos use ice to make Igloos.
91 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
30. A Helena is going to genting highlands this thursday.
92 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
35. A The mechanic uses a spanner, to loosen the nuts.
36. A Hello, Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays? asks Zainah.
B Hello! Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays? asks Zainah.
C Hello! Imran. What are your plans for the school holidays asks Zainah.
D Hello! imran. What are your plans for the school holidays asks Zainah.
37. A The pupils are singing malay, chinese and tamil songs in the competition.
B The pupils are singing Malay, Chinese and Tamil songs in the competition.
C The Pupils are singing Malay Chinese and Tamil songs in the competition.
D The pupils are singing Malay, Chinese and Tamil songs competition!
38. A Wow! you are so lucky! you have visited so many countries.
93 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
40. A they had an enjoyable day at the taman rimba recreational park
94 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
BONUS : 100 GRAMMAR QUESTIONS
Choose the best answer to complete the sentences
A. more
B. most
C. some
A. in
B. to
C. on
D. across
3. Farahana had booked her flight ticket earlier because .. was cheap.
A. they
B. she
C. we
D. it
A. happily
B. smartly
C. sweetly
D. bravely
A. because
B. although
C. by
D. so
95 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
6 The ship sails . the ocean.
A. along
B. across
C. through
A. on
B. in
C. at
A. camp
B. camps
C. camped
A. why
B. what
C. whom
D. whose
A. carefully
B. recklessly
C. carelessly
A. able
B. was able
C. was unable
D. could able
A. neither
B. inside
C. either
D. between
96 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
13. Unless he hurries, he the train.
A. miss
B. misses
C. missed
D. will miss
A. Everything
B. Anybody
C. Nobody
D. Somebody
15. The soldier fought and was given a medal by the king.
A. weakly
B. badly
C. bravely
D. happily
A. over
B. for
C. on
A. will
B. must
C. could
D. would
A. flock
B. herd
C. group
D. swarm
A. Whose
B. Why
C. What
D. How
97 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
20. Mr. Chan, the mechanic , . the green car tomorrow.
A. will repair
B. will be repaired
C. repaired
D. is repairing
21 My elder sister going to the cinema. She usually there with her
friends
A. likes, goes
B. liked, goes
C. like, going
D. will be, going
22. Rosli and his brother the show twice last weekend.
A. watch
B. watches
C. watched
D. watching
A. myself, my
B. herself, her
C. himself, him
D. yourself, your
24. You must . finish the milk put it into the refrigerator.
A. so, if
B. so, and
C. either, or
D. neither, nor
25. The thief ran the road and hid .. some bushes.
A. towards, above
B. across, behind
C. at, under
D. away, to
A. are
B. is
C. was
D. were
98 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
27. There isnt . rice left in the pot.
A. many
B. little
C. a lot of
D. any
28. A day before Teachers Day, the pupils carried chairs to the school hall.
A. our
B. their
C. your
D. his
A. tall
B. taller
C. tallest
D. most tall
A. ourselves
B. themselves
C. himself
D. yourself
A. is
B. an
C. the
D. far
32. The angry girl ____________ the book and threw it into the dustbin.
A. torn
B. tore
C. tear
D. tearing
A. her
B. him
C. his
D. hers
99 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
34. Puan Aneesa waits for the bus______the bus stop every morning.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. to
35. Mujahid jumped ________ the bench and fell into the drain.
A. into
B. on
C. from over
A. All
B. Both
C. Either
D. Neither
37. Did Nazrin _______________ English well at the seminar last night?
A. speak
B. spoke
C. speaks
D. spoken
38. That was _____________ most challenging task and we only have ___________
A. a , an
B. a , the
C. the , a
D. the , an
39. The weather is so hot that there is only _____________ water in the well.
A. much
B. a little
C. any
D. a few
100 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
40. Her children are very polite and everybody ____________ them.
A. love
B. loves
C. loved
D. loving
A. were
B. is
C. was
D. are
A. impolite
B. friendly
C. rude
D. stingy
A. clever
B. cleverest
C. cleverer
A. counts
B. is counting
C. was counting
D. were counting
45. Mr. Lims dog ______________ his neighbours son last week.
A. bites
B. bite
C. bit
D. bitten
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. was
101 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
47. You went to the library, ______________ ?
A. isnt it
B. dont you
C. didnt you
D. wasnt you
48. The workers walked ___________ into the factory because they were late for work.
A. politely
B. smartly
C. hurriedly
D. slowly
A. under
B. down
C. below
D. against
A. through
B. between
C. along
D. beside
A. walk
B. walks
C. walked
D. walking
A. return
B. returns
C. returned
D. returning
102 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
53 Have ______ finished your homework?
A. I
B. he
C. she
D. you
A. Besides
B. Although
C. Therefore
D. Furthermore
A. a
B. an
C. the
A. big
B. loud
C. bright
D. strong
A. climb
B. climbed
C. climbs
D. climbing
103 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
58 Toms dog, Pluto was barking ___________ at the stranger.
A. fiercely
B. greedily
C. politely
D. shyly
A. high
B. higher
C. highest
60 Hana woke up very late, _________ she had to rush for work.
A. or
B. but
C. therefore
D. and
A. Might
B. Should
C. Would
D. Ought
A. Where
B. Which
C. Why
D. Who
104 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
63 ________ must listen carefully when in class.
A. It
B. My
C. You
D. Theirs
A. silently
B. sweetly
C. soundly
D. gracefully
A. to
B. on
C. with
D. from
A. always
B. seldom
C. sadly
D. now
A. or
B. nor
C. and
D. while
105 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
68. My father lives ____________ Kelantan.
A. at
B. in
C. from
D. to
A. young
B. younger
C. youngest
D. more young
A. after
B. before
C. on
D. by
A. for
B. because
C. since
D. although
A. along
B. over
C. by
D. through
106 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
73. There __________ some kittens in this box a few minutes ago.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
A. or
B. so
C. but
D. and
A. Can
B. Might
C. May
D. Should
76. Arif and I went to the zoo. _______________ went there by bus.
A. We
B. I
C. She
D. They
77. You are getting too fat. You _______________ exercise more.
A. ought
B. would
C. should
D. might
107 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
78. ________________ did the players feel after winning the game ?
A. Why
B. How
C. When
D. Where
A. is walking
B. was walking
C. are walking
D. were walking
A. kinder
B. kindest
C. kind
A. live
B. lives
C. lived
D. living
A. is helping
B. am helping
C. are helping
D. were helping
108 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
83. Kamil ___________ to school everyday.
A. cycle
B. cycles
C. cycled
D. cycling
A. cooks
B. cook
C. cooked
D. cooking
A. draws
B. drew
C. draw
D. drawing
A. is
B. to
C. are
D. of
A. bravely
B. strongly
C. carelessly
D. immediately
109 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
88. My fathers sister ______ my aunt.
A. is
B. am
C. was
D. were
89. There is _______________ mangosteen tree in Nadias garden. Nadia likes to sit and
read under _______________ tree.
A. a, an
B. a, the
C. an, the
D. the, the
A. is
B. are
C. was
A. myself
B. himself
C. herself
D. themselves
92. The games Ranjit enjoys are football, hockey _________ badminton.
A. as
B. but
C. since
D. and
110 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
93. Malaysia is famous ____________ its beautiful beaches.
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. to
A. eat
B. eats
C. ate
D. eating
95. Muthu gave Sarah _____ silk blouse for her birthday.
A. a
B. an
C. the
A. neatly
B. loudly
C. silently
D. quickly
A. itself
B. herself
C. himself
D. themselves
111 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a
98. They like to swim ___________ play hockey during the weekends.
A. so
B. but
C. and
D. because
A. plant
B. plants
C. planted
D. planting
100. The tigress licked _____ paws after eating a hearty meal.
A. its
B. his
C. our
D. their
END OF MODULE
112 | M o d u l T r i u m p h R e d o n g V o l . 1 M i a A n t a s h a