تجفيف الغاز الطبيعي PDF

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Natural Gas Dehydration
H2S CO2

.
) ( Separators .

6-8
LPG plant
Hydrates
.
/ .

.
:
- .
:
- .
- .
-
.
- .
- .
:
- )( (Ib/MMscf).
- Dew Point.
- Volume Concentration ppmv.
- Volume Concentration ppmm.

:
- ) (.
- )(.
.
: Dew Point Depression

- .
- Lean Glycol.
- Trays Contactor
- .
Inlet Gas Temperature
.
) (-

.
:
.
.

,
.
)-
( ) - (.

:
. .
. Molecular Seals
.
..
. .
. .
:
. : weight percent.
. .
. .
. Temperature Range
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. .
DEG TEG
. :
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:

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:
:
- .
- . .
- .
- .
- .
(89-99,95) %
:
- ) (EG C2H6O2

.
- ) (DEG C4H10O3

)(157,2 - 171,1.
- TEG C6H14O4
206
(
) (190,6 204,4.
- )(TREG C8H18O5

.
) ( 207,2 221,1.
Tri Ethylene Glycol )(TEG
Dew Point : - -
- Number of Trays .

. 57 .
. 21
.

TEG DEG
C6H14O4 C4H10O3 Formula
150 106 Molecular Weight
1,1254 1,1184 kg/lt C20/20
1,1220 1,1160 kg/lt C25/25
287 245 C Boiling Point
206 164 C Decomposition Point
-6 -9 C Freezing Point
155 127 Centipoise Specific Viscosity 0 C
34 29 Centipoise Specific Viscosity 25 C
0.540 0,550 Kcal/kg.C Specific Heat 25 C
0,615 0,610 Kcal/kg.C Specific Heat 100 C
0,695 0,680 Kcal/kg.C Specific Heat 180 C
99,5 83,3 Kcal/kg.C Evaporation Heat
154 135 C Flash Point
45 44 dine/cm2 Surface Tension
DEG 164 C
96% TEG 204C
. 98.9%

: TEG DEG
:
DEG:
. H2O CO2 .
. .
. TEG.
DEG:
. .
. 95% .
TEG:
. H2O CO2 .
. .
. 97% .
TEG:
. DEG .
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. .
. .

: - Contactor Glycol
Regeneration Unit

99% .

Contactor Trays Bubble
Caps

Downcomer .
Mist Extractor
. Packing
.

) 5 ( . fin fan air cooler
.
Bubble Cap

Controller Level Rich Glycol Flash Separator
Flash Tank H2S
: Wet Glycol Filter
Carbon Filter .
Reboiler
(195-200)
204 ) )
Vent Stack
Coil Vent Stack.
Glycol Tank Surge Tank .

Positive Displacement Pump PDP
.. . .


:
. inlet gas flow
. .
. glycol flow
lean glycol Rich glycol

7.0-8.6 7.0-8.6 PH
>600 >600 mg/L
> 0.3 > 0.3 %
>1.5 3.5-7.5 wt%

.
)(0.6 - 2 %
:
. -
Dew Point . -
. -
: Stripping Gas
: .
:
Reciprocating Pumps
High disch. Pressure relatively low flowrate
Glycol Surge Tank
Stand-By .

Contactor
.
Mass Transfer
Internals:
- Vane Inlet Device VID .
- liquid collection tray.
- Trays Packing .
- .
feed momentum )
( . .
liquid collection tray

level controller .
Bubble Cap Trays

. ) (4-12 24 .
0.6-0.8 m 0.2 - 0.3/ .
() : ) ( ) ( .

Bubble Caps .
.
Gas Outlet .
. Carry over

Structured Packing

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:
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.

foam flash separator
.

:

- Lean Glycol
- .
.
.
- .
- High Inlet Gas temperature. .
- . Absorber Pressure
Foaming
- ) ( .
- ) ( Corrosion Inhibitor
. ) Activated
( Carbon filter Foaming materials.
Hydrocarbon Losses
.
.
Glycol Surge Tank

. .
Heat Exchanger
-.
- .
Glycol Pump
- Pitting Strainer
Pump Suction.

Reducing Dehydration Emissions

Hydrates . TEG
.
CH4 Volatile
Organic Compounds VOCs Hazardous Air Pollutants HAPs

.
EPA 38
18.6
. 17% VOC
HAP 85% 81% .
EPA MACT
HAP . 95%
MACT
. HAP
Vent Stack
.

Vent Stack Reboiler .
Three-Phase Separator
Vent Stack HAPs
Vacuum.
HAP 99.74% .
BTEX (Benzene - Toluene - Ethyl benzene - Xylene).


Vent Stack
Vent Stack : - -
- BTEX HAPs .


HAPs destruction
efficiency HAPs HAPs

HAPs .
) Leaks ( Reboiler
burner stack
.

. Chromatographic 15
0.0016 Ib/hr 7
Ib/MMscf 7
26.8 - 29.3 .

. gpm 3.0 - 3.77
NOx HAPs
: 0.0817 - 0.0005 - 111 - 0.0003 /
HAPs destruction efficincy
99.74%.
Benzene Emissions Reduction
Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

.
Benzene

5 Freezing Point
80 Boiling Point
0.8 g/mL @ 20 Density
10 KPa @ 25 Vapour Pressure

Vent Stack .

Stripping Gas .
:
- : ) (

.
- Glycol Circulation Rate:
.
- Absorber Temperature :

.
- Absorber Pressure
.
- Gas flow rate
.
:

:
- .
- .
- .

:
. :
.
.
. :

.
)
(
) :
(.
. Absorber Trays :
) .(Packing Absorbers
. Reboiler Temperarture : .

) (
.

.
. : Stripping Gas

. .
. : Flash Tank
.
. : Trays
Dew Point Lubricants
oil well chemicals .

Filters .
Benzene Solubility

.
:
:
. : Condensers Vent Stack
-
-
Still Column

flares Incinerators .
. flares system Incinerators

.

LP flare Flame
Arrestor BTEX
.
Incinerators
99% .

.
:
: Glycol Filters : Activated
carbon filters wet filter

.
:
61C
.
: Condensates ) (
) - -( . .

.

1. Gas Dehydration Using Glycol, Manning & Thompson, LSU.

2. Gas Plants part.1 / ENI Corporate University.
3. Oil & Gas Processing.
4 . NATCO Glycol Dehydration Systems.
5. Oil & Gas Journal .
6. Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers and Canadian Gas Association, A Management Strategy for Air Emissions from
Glycol Dehydrators..

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Natural Gas Dehydration

- Volume Concentration ppmv.

- Volume Concentration ppmm.

: Dew Point Depression

Glycol Tank Surge Tank .

lean glycol Rich glycol

liquid collection tray

Bubble Cap Trays

( Carbon filter Foaming materials.

Glycol Surge Tank

Reducing Dehydration Emissions

Organic Compounds VOCs Hazardous Air Pollutants HAPs

efficiency HAPs HAPs

Benzene Emissions Reduction

Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers

carbon filters wet filter

1. Gas Dehydration Using Glycol, Manning & Thompson, LSU.

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