1.

Mt s khi nim c bn
-T bn hay vn trong kinh t hc l khi nim ch nhng vt th c gi tr, c kh nng o
lng c s giu c ca ngi s hu chng. Tuy nhin t bn c nhiu nh ngha khc
nhau di kha cnh kinh t, x hi, hay trit hc.
-Gi tr thng d c Marx xem l phn chnh lch gia gi tr hng ha v s tin nh t bn
b ra.
-Sn xut t bn ch ngha l s thng nht bin chng gia qu trnh sn xut v qu trnh lu
thng.
-Lu thng ca t bn l s vn ng ca t bn, nh m t bn ln ln v thu c gi tr
thng d, cng tc l s tun hon v chu chuyn ca t bn.
2. Tun hon t bn
a, Cc giai on ca qu trnh tun hon t bn
* Giai on th nht :(giai on lu thng)
- S

- u tin t bn tn ti di hnh thi t bn tin t vi cc chc nng l mua cc yu t sn

xut nn chc nng giai on ny l bin t bn tin t thnh hng ha di dng t liu sn
xut v sc lao ng a vo sn xut, gi l t bn sn xut .
* Giai on th hai: (giai on sn xut)
-S :

- Nh t bn tiu dng nhng hng ha mua, tc l tin hnh sn xut. Trong qu trnh sn
xut, cng nhn hao ph sc lao ng, to ra gi tr mi, cn nguyn liu c ch bin, my
mc hao mn th gi tr ca chng c bo tn v chuyn dch vo sn phm mi
- Qu trnh sn xut kt thc, lao ng ca cng nhn lm thu to ra nhng hng ha mi
m gi tr ca n ln hn gi tr cc yu t sn xut m nh t bn mua lc ban u, v trong
c gi tr thng d do cng nhn to ra..
Vy chc nng giai on th hai: t bn sn xut chuyn ha thnh t bn hng ha
*Giai on th ba: (giai on lu thng)
S :

- Nh t bn tr li th trng vi t cch l ngi bn hng. Hng ha ca nh t bn c

chuyn ha thnh tin.

- Chc nng giai on ba, t bn hng ha chuyn ha thnh t bn tin t. n y mc ch

ca nh t bn c thc hin, t bn quay tr li hnh thi ban u trong tay ch ca n,
nhng vi s lng ln hn trc.

- S tin bn hng ha , nh t bn li em dng vo vic mua t liu sn xut v sc lao

ng cn thit tip tc sn xut v ton b qu trnh trn c lp li.

S ton b qu trnh:
Bng so snh:
c im Hnh thi t bn bt Hnh thi t bn kt
Cc giai on u thc
1 T bn tin t T bn sn xut

2 T bn sn xut T bn hng ha

3 T bn hng ha T bn tin t
Tun hon ca t bn l s vn ng ca t bn tri qua cc giai on, ln lt mang nhng
hnh thi khc nhau, thc hin cc chc nng ri tr v hnh thi ban u vi gi tr khng nhng
c bo tn m cn tng ln

b, iu kin tun hon t bn tin hnh bnh thng

- Tun hon ca t bn ch c th tin hnh bnh thng trong iu kin cc giai on khc nhau
ca n khng ngng c chuyn tip
- T bn phi nm li mi giai on tun hon trong mt thi gian nht nh.
- Ton b t bn, trong cng mt lc, phi tn ti c ba hnh thi : t bn tin t, t bn sn
xut, t bn hng ha
- T bn mi hnh thi u phi vn ng khng ngng qua ba giai on
3. Chu chuyn t bn
a, Khi nim
- S tun hon ca t bn l mt qu trnh nh k i mi v lp i lp li, ch khng phi l
mt qu trnh c lp, ring l th gi l chu chuyn ca TB. Nhng t bn khc nhau chu chuyn
vi vn tc khc nhau ty theo thi gian sn xut v lu thng ca hng ha.
- T bn sn xut l thi gian t bn nm trong lnh vc sn xut.
- Thi gian lu thng l thi gian t bn nm trong lnh vc lu thng.
b, Thi gian chu chuyn ca t bn
- Thi gian chu chuyn ca t bn l khong thi gian k t khi t bn ng ra di mt hnh
thc nht nh (tin t, sn xut, hng ha) cho n khi n tr v tay nh t bn cng di hnh
thc nh th, nhng c thm gi tr thng d.
TGcc = TGsx + TGlt
-Trong : TGsx = TGl + TGg + TGdt
-Thi gian lao ng: l thi gian m ngi lao ng tc ng vo i tng lao ng to ra
sn phm.
-Thi gian gin on: l thi gian m i tng lao ng chu s tc ng ca t nhin. Thi
gian d tr: l thi gian m cc yu t sn xut sn sng tham gia vo sn xut, nhng cha phi
l yu t hnh thnh SP.
- Thi gian lu thng : TGlt= TGm + TGb
- Thi gian lu thng ph thuc nhiu yu t:
+ Tnh hnh th trng.
+ Quan h cung cu, gi c.
+ Khong cch th trng.
+ Trnh pht trin ca giao thng vn ti
-Vai tr ca lu thng:
S tn ti ca n l tt yu v c vai tr quan trng:
+ Thc hin sn phm do SX to ra.
+ Cung cp cc iu kin cho SX.
+ m bo u vo, u ra ca SX.
c, Tc chu chuyn ca t bn
- Tnh tc chu chuyn ca t bn bng s vng chu chuyn c thc hin trong mt nm.

Trong :
n - tc chu chuyn ca t bn;
CH - thi gian 1 nm (12 thng);
ch - thi hn chu chuyn ca 1 loi t bn.
Nn mun tng tc chu chuyn ca t bn phi gim thi gian sn xut v thi gian lu thng
ca n.