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Abstract 2
Abstract 2
1.3. State of knowledge regarding Hertzian contact design for precision equipment
A common source of non-repeatability and inaccuracy of Hertzian contacts is the wear at the
contact areas. The right side of Fig. 1 shows wear marks on a groove surface due to sliding of
a ball into and along the groove during centering of the fixture. The wear changes the surface
geometry by tens of microns, thereby preventing nanometer-level repeatability.The use of
lubricants and ceramic materials for the balls and grooves [03] have been shown to reduced
ball-groove wear. Unfortunately, the high-cost and limited ductility of ceramic materials
prevents them from being ideal for use in precision couplings. Likewise, lubricants do not
provide a general solution as they are not vacuum-compatible and they may not be used in
some contamination sensitive applications. Experiments have shown that hard coated steel
balls and grooves can provide an alternate solution [04] even though the engineering design
of these contacts is not well understood.
In Section 2, we describe how hard coatings may be used to improve the longevity of
Hertzian contacts in precision equipment, the specific problems they solve in exact constraint
fixtures, and metrics which may be used to ascertain when the models contained herein
should be used to design Hertzian contacts. In Section 3 we discuss the failure modes of
coated Hertzian contacts. Section 4 describes the simulations, assumptions and dimensionless
variables used to develop engineering models. In Section 5 we present a summary of
simulation results in graphical form and fit equations to describe the relationship between
stress and design parameters. These equations are used in Section 6 to develop rules of thumb
and equations which directly relate design parameters to stresses within the coating. The
paper closes with a summary of the work in Section 7 and acknowledgements in Section 8.
TRADUCCION
1.3 Estado del conocimiento con respecto al diseo de contactos hertzianos para equipos
de precisin.
En la seccin 2, describimos como las capas duras se pueden utilizar para mejorar la
longevidad de contactos hertzianos en el equipo de precisin, los problemas especficos que
solucionan en accesorios exactos del obstculo, y la mtrica que se puede utilizar para
comprobar cuando los modelos contenidos adjunto se deben utilizar para disear contactos
hertzianos. En la seccin 3 discutimos los modos de fallo de los contactos hertzianos
revestidos. La seccin 4 describe las simulaciones, las suposiciones y las variables sin
dimensiones usadas para desarrollar modelos de la ingeniera. En la seccin 5 presentamos un
resumen de los resultados de la simulacin en forma grfica y del ajuste de ecuaciones para
describir la relacin entre la tensin y los parmetros de diseo. Estas ecuaciones se utilizan
en la seccin 6 para desarrollar las reglas de pulgar y de ecuaciones que se relacionan
directamente los parmetros de diseo con las tensiones dentro de la capa. El papel se cierra
con un resumen del trabajo en la seccin 7 y de los acuses de recibo en la seccin 8.
Vocabulario