Interactions

in
Ecosystems
 Habitat
All of the biotic and abiotic
factors in the area where an
organism lives

Lion habitat
 Ecological Niche
All
All of
of the
the physical,
physical, chemical,
chemical, and
and
biological
biological factors
factors that
that aa species
species needs
needs
to
to survive,
survive, stay
stay healthy,
healthy, and
and reproduce
reproduce
Food
Food
Abiotic
Abiotic conditions
conditions
Behavior
Behavior
 Competitive Exclusion
When
When two
two species
species are
are competing
competing forfor the
the
same
same resources,
resources, one
one species
species will
will be
be
better
better suited
suited to
to the
the niche,
niche, and
and the
the
other
other species
species will
will be
be pushed
pushed into
into another
another
niche
niche or
or become
become extinct
extinct
Invasive
Invasive species
species may
may outcompete
outcompete
organisms
organisms that
that are
are native
native to
to aa particular
particular
region
region
 Predation
The process by which one species
captures and feeds upon another
Heterotrophs can prey on autotrophs and
other heterotrophs
 Predator Prey Cycles

Prey
outnumber
predators
Increasing
numbers of
prey promote
increases in
predator
populations
 Symbiosis
A
A close
close ecological
ecological relationship
relationship
between
between twotwo or
or more
more organisms
organisms ofof
different
different species
species that
that live
live in
in direct
direct
contact
contact with
with one
one another
another
Mutualism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Parasitism
 Mutualism
An
An interspecies
interspecies interaction
interaction in
in which
which
both
both species
species benefit
benefit
Flowers
Flowers and
and pollinating
pollinating insects
insects
Humans
Humans and
and intestinal
intestinal E.
E. coli
coli
Clown
Clown fish
fish and
and anemones
anemones
 Commensalism
A
A relationship
relationship between
between two
two organisms
organisms in
in
which
which one
one receives
receives an an ecological
ecological benefit
benefit
from
from another,
another, while
while the
the other
other neither
neither
benefits
benefits or
or is
is harmed
harmed
Many
Many ecologists
ecologists believe
believe that
that
commensalism
commensalism is is rare,
rare, and
and that
that most
most such
such
relationships
relationships are
are probably
probably subtle
subtle
mutualism
mutualism oror parasitism
parasitism
 Parasitism
A
A relationship
relationship in
in which
which one
one species
species
benefits
benefits while
while the
the other
other is
is harmed.
harmed.
Many
Many parasites
parasites have
have complex
complex lifecycles
lifecycles
involving
involving more
more than
than one
one host
host

Seen Alien ?
The Parasitic Life Cycle of the Tse-
Tse Fly
Tapeworm lifecycle