1 GV: Nguyn Tng V

Hng dn gii

Bi 1.
5
a) Phng trnh c nghim x = 1 nn ta c: m.12 5 8m .1 m 0 m
6
5 2 5 5
x x 5 x 1
2
5 6 3 6
Khi m ta c phng trnh: 0 0 x 1
6 x 1 x 6 x 1 x
mx 2 5 8m x m
b) 0 1
x 1 x
iu kin: x 0 , vi iu kin ny ta c:
1 mx 2 5 8m x m 0 (2)
(1) c 2 nghim phn bit khi v ch khi (2) c 2 nghim phn bit dng, iu ny
tng ng
m 0 1
m
2 2
2
5 8m 4m 0
5 10m 5 6m 0 m 5 m 0

S 5 8 m
0 8m 5 6 5
0 m 0 m
m m 6
m
P 1 0 5
m m 8

5
Vy phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim phn bit khi v ch khi m 0 hoc m
6
Bi 2.
a) Ta c:
x2 x 1 1
A
x x 1 x x 1 x 1
x2 x 1 1


x 1 x x 1 x x 1 x 1

x 2 x 1 x 1 x
x 1

x 1 x x 1
x x x


x 1 x x 1 x x 1

2 GV: Nguyn Tng V

 2
1
A
x 1


x 2 x 1 x 1
3 x x 1 3 x x 1 x x 1
2
1 x 1
Do x 0, x 1 nn A 0 A
1
3 x x 1 3
b) Gi a, b a b l di hai cnh gc vung v c l di cnh huyn. Da vo
bi ta c h phng trnh:
a b c 12 1

12
ab c 2
5
a b 2 c 2
2
3
T (1) ta c: a b 12 c .
24 2 24
T (2) v (3) ta c a 2 b 2 2ab c 2 c a b c2 c
5 5
2 24
Do 12 c c 2 cc5
5
a b 7 a 4
Vi c = 5 ta c (do a a b )
ab 12 b 3
Vy di cc cnh ca tam gic vung ln lt l 3, 4, 5.

Bi 3.
a) x 2 4 x 2 4 x 1 2 x 1 x 2 3x 2 1
iu kin x 2 3x 2 0
2 2 2
1 x 2 2 x 1 2 x 1 x 1 x 2
2
2 x 1 x 2 x 2 x 1 0
x 2
1
x
2
1
Th li ta c x , x 2 u l nghim.
2
1
Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim x 2 v x
2
x x y y 1
b)
2 2
x y 2 2 x 2 y 6 2

3 GV: Nguyn Tng V

 1 x y x y 0 x y x y x y 0
x y
x y 1 0 x y 0 do x y 1 0
x y
Th vo (2) ta c phng trnh: 2 x 2 2 4 x 6 x 2 2 x 3 0
t t x , t 0 ta c: t 4 2t 3 0 t 1 t 3 t 2 t 3 0 t 1
Vi t 1 ta c x y 1
Vy h phng trnh c mt nghim x, y l 1,1
Bi 4.

BC 3R
a) Gi M l trung im ca BC ta c OM BC v CM
2 2
MC 3
Suy ra sin MOC MOC 600
OC 2
1
Khi ta c BAC BOC COM 600
2
b) Ta c t gic BFEC c BFC = BEC = 900 nn l t gic ni tip, suy ra AFE =
ACB.
Mt khc ACB = APB.
Do AFE = ABP.
4 GV: Nguyn Tng V
T ta c AFI APB(g.g), suy ra AI.AP = AF.AB
M AF.AB = AH.AD
Suy ra AH.AD = AI.AP
Suy ra AHI APD (c.g.c), suy ra AHI = APD, t ta c HDIP ni tip.
c) Ta c BHC = EHF = 1800 - BAC = 1200 v BOC = 1200, suy ra BHC =
BOC, do t gic BHOC ni tip. T trung trc HO i qua tm ng trn
ngoi tip t gic BHOC.
Gi K l im chnh gia cung nh BC ta c tam gic OCK u, suy ra KC = KO =
KB. Do K l tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic BOC hay cng l tm ng trn
ngoi tip t gic BHOC.
Vy trung trc ca on OH i qua im K c nh.
Bi 5.
Gi x l s bi kh (c 1 bn lm c), y l s bi trung bnh (c 2 bn lm c) v z
l s bi d (c 3 bn lm c).
Ta c: x + y + z = 100 (1) v x + 2y + 3z = 180 (2).
Ly (2) tr (1) ta c y + 2z = 80 (3)
Ly (1) tr (3) ta c: x z =20.
Vy s bi kh nhiu hn s bi d 20 bi.

5 GV: Nguyn Tng V