I --- --C 4 -d- 2005

Sukanya: Hi Sumithra? I saw you at Sell All There are four hundred pupils in the school
Super Market yesterday. Busy school - --- C x--o.
buying things? 2. inside o in o .
(Eo Eo Sell All Super Market _ inside v-- - n
. -?) hC. in E n.
Sumithra: Mom was inside. She was buying Pranav: Where are your friends?
provisions. I was waiting outside. Prabhat: They are in the car. Look inside
By the by, you know we have and you will see them. They were
moved. We now live in Gandhi outside the car till ten minutes ago.
Nagar. (Car o. , x
(tC - . -Eh.C EN- -- x
wait ho. ... od, -o) The plane flew at great speed across the
3. above = j. -u j po -x --E, 'by'
x . p D--- sky
The government has the duty to see that -.
o.) a) O x a? plane - -j *
every person has a roof above their
- x, -Eo shift head. Did you come by car? -j -R}C.
. move - d. vA-Jj p x b) bus -- a-. He came by bus 6. at the back of = --j
x -o vy NC by train, by plane, by ship (back side -, backside n -,

-.. move
We are moving to a new house tomorrow c) - K a E)
(vA--J E Lp--)
class j a-
--p-
He always sits at the back of the class.
Bus ao v -

Shift ~ --o.
The passenger at the back of the bus were
safe.
at the back of the room = C -
behind the room = C
some one at the back of the hall was
Sukanya: My uncle is in Gandhi Nagar too. The goods came shouting
Where exactly is your home by lorry. Hall - -h-o.
there? Top (p)
-x--- 42 There is a tap behind the hall
E
( uncle x D---- - - Hall - C. ( Hall )
. O x correct \?) 'on' hC. Practice the following aloud in English.
Sumithra: At 12-14-16 on Nehru Street. It is The fan is just above you on cycle, on
to the right of make Money Bank a) Stella: O Eo Card B-?
Fan correct - -F j C. scooter, on bike,
Ltd., if you stand in front of it. We Nikhila: Eo - } . j---
'above' h-/ E- j. fan on camel, on ele- M. SURESAN
live on the ground floor. above your head - , fan S phant on horse-
o.
(Nehru Street Door No. 12-14-16 . Stella: O-\--?
E. --Ej - S C 'above'. back.
Make Money Bank - E- E Nikhila: -o---, M- O-C .
--E-j -E , C 4. under, below:
Stella: O - road --L-j
'on'.
-j). - n C.
Sukanya: Hei, your place is just under my Pen, table O C x d a-o -School C-?
uncle's. He lives on the first floor. Nikhila: . E - x.
the pen is on the table. They sat under a tree.
(O-C uncle x . OC Stella: O application O
Table O lamp C ( d t x-j o)
ground floor, xC I floor). There is a lamp above the table. From the helicopter, the minister saw d. Yours faithfully
Sumithra: Happy to know that they are on ( table O light -x lamp table below him the areas under water E-. Application -j.
the 1st floor just above us. Just j C). Helicopter * vA- h Fx-C ANSWERS:
across the road is an ice cream 'On' J* u-i N. - v- -E-. Stella: Didn't you (Did you not) take your
shop. I think it was your uncle's n j, O -- -Eo- 'on' Correct E- - under.
son sitting at the back of the shop ration card yesterday?
--. , n 'in' -. -E -\-- below. Nikhila: I was out of town yesterday
and enjoying an ice cream. English - , --E From the window of the II Floor, he saw
(Out of station ).
(x-\ j -{-- - - -sx 'on' hC. below a man or the road.
C. ice cream I was in Hyderabad.
eg: Road E-o Correct
shop C. O uncle J s - Stella: Where do you live?
a) d-- Eo train ---o - . - \ level h Nikhila: In Governorpeta; in / on Alibaig
, ice cream shop aE ice I first met him on a train. (In a train ) .
cream A-o) Street
b) G- - C :
\ prepositions -E-: (Road , Street in, on j)
His name is not on the list. The ground floor is under the first floor.
Eox preposition , Stella: Isn't there a School across the
c) team o? Is he on the team? (ground floor h - C)
. Eg: at the back of. 5. Across = --L-. road from your place?
d) x x C The house is on fire.
-- conversation prepositions: e) Plane 50 C v---o My home is across the road from the bank Nikhila: Yes. My home is just opposite
at, inside, outside, in, to the right of, on, There are fifty passengers on the plane. Bank * road --L- -x. the school.
under, above, across, at the back of. f) d = C- --L -j = across the river. Stella: Please sign on this application,
-O--E position (-- h/ E His name is not on the row. - -j * -j = below the 'yours faithfully' line. on
) ---E ----E --C-- -- N spoken English vh -LqN. across the sky. the right side.
-o. -p- J-Eo N-:
at: -d . in =
1. I saw you at the Super Market -v-o: Have
ing form C . Has ing -v-o: 'Over', 'above'
u N? -s C L?
Super Market _ form
?
----:
-.-.- -v-, -l-, -Pa----J ->-x
-d Super Market _- (). Prepositions Over, above - F j n -a.
----: Has C He, She, It
d -J --%g, j--
In the Super Market = Super Market 1) Our class room is above / over your class room.
I was at the Super Market from 5 p.m. to (L-T--, A, b) My father wants to have two roomed portion above / over the first floor.
6 p.m. n). Have C Verb form.
The goods in the Super Market are
-x above, over j -a.
E v ing hC. Has ii) He is over 35 years of age but looks younger.
expensive. . - He, She, It
j ux at , in -E-. Speak verb speaks - ( q 35 }- \--, *o -Eh.)
5 * 6 Super Market C. p ing form speak \ over v . Above .
o, h- . v . Speaks iii) -L j o-p Over .
Goods in the Super Market speaking . Have He jumped over the wall. ( OC . \ above )
Super Market E h-. He, She, It has . iv) u, s, time -o \ E p--E over .
x School o Speaks ing a-d has
The children are at school. The book costs over Rs. 300 = h K . 300o \.
ing a. talk. Talk- He,
x x Class o She, It talks -C. ing form He waited over three hours = --o \ wait .
The children are in class. talk hF talks a . There are over 30 students = 30 students o \ o.
I --- -- 6 -d- 2005
Rama Rao: What are your College hours?
College
(O E-- ?) v-- E/ h- o-x L-
Prakash: Our College works from 9 to 3.30.
N .
We go for lunch between 12.30
J-Eo prepositions of time l.
Naresh: what is the last date for the sub-
and 1.30
mission of application?
College 9
( * 3.30 (Application submit -Lq *-J-
E--hC. 12.30, 1.30 u C C?)
h) Narayana: On or before the 15th of next
Rama Rao: When do you usually start for
month. we issue applications
college?
upto the 28th of this month.
college
(O * Applications will be available
p ----?) even after that date till the 30th Pranav: My friend will join me there in July.
Prakash: Because our Classes begin at (E-. last week exam first

AM, PM -p-?..
of this month, but we charge a Together we will return in August.
9.00 in the morning, I usually start mark *aC. ---C o-\
late fee of Rs 5 per day. We friend
( July
\- h.
about 8.30, as it takes around half August \ --J)
have been selling applications l AJ-T-h)
an hour for me to reach college. I
am at college by 8.55. But why
are you asking me all the these
questions?
(Classes 9 v -
d, - 8.30
v ----. College
--E _ _ - -
C. -i 8.55 xcol-
lege . vo-Fo
since the 5th. Our Office is open uC h-u-- n IN
---o?) from 10 AM to 5 PM, and appli-
Rama Rao: I am from the RTC. We are .
cations are issued during that Kumar: (Over to phone) Where are you
gathering information to plan
our bus services to suit stu-
time.
---E Prepositions of time -x--- 43 Krishna? I am waiting for you
Krishna: Sorry, I'll be with you in five min-
dents needs. When does the
before (the 15th), upto (the 28th of this
college usually reopen after utes.
month), till (the 30th), Since (the 5th), during There are 30/ 31
summer vacation? (sorry, EN,
(that time). days in a month.
RTC
( * h-o. Prepositions of time
p - ( 30/ 31 EN- y F _-)
Nu-n --- -- l? He came back in ten minutes.
Bus services ---E V)
1. at: Our classes begin at 9 There are only 28/ 29 10 EN-- (C EN--
- -J-ho. N classes
(9 v-) days in February. ) AJT a.
yCollege *a- j E --o-p (February
28/ 29 It'll be ready in a week's time.
p -h? time at hC. V .) M. SURESAN C -E ( V -
Prabhakar: Usually in June, on the 3rd
Our College closes for the day at 4 C) j C.
Monday
(-T- college --C.) My sister was born in 1999. (1999 Important: every, next, last, that, this
June
(- , )
\ -E-. l, v The Government came to power in 2004. in on
F, F .
-)
Rama Rao: For howmany days does the
time E *---E spoken English, (2004 ) Shops are closed every Sunday
college work in a year?
Conversation AM, PM . There are 12 months in a year
(on every Sunday )
College
( -q-, Eo conversation in the morn- (-q- 12 --) He comes here next Monday
ing, in the evening etc., . Purely offi- (on next Monday )
V E--hC?)
cial spoken/ written form v AM, uC(Period of time) *---E 'in'
He was here last Saturday
Paul: For about 180 days, without counting
exam days PM. . (on last Saturday )
At 4 PM, at 9.30, at half past ten (10.30), etc. The police were able to catch the killer in a
(exams V I'll begin it this Monday
2. on: On days day
(On this Monday
180 V) p, ( x, )
j ---E Prepositions -E-. V) , dates (D) (-h-E M- \--V d---L-.) He didn't see her that day (on that day )
from, to, between, about, around, by, at . The teacher finished the whole chapter in in
.
after, in, on, for. Suseela: When are you leaving for just a week The tournaments will begin next June
Prepositions Hyderabad? (Teacher h chapter
O -E j (in next June )
Fo Time (--E) -C-* Suguna: On Sunday, that is, on the 4th.
Jh) She met him last December
Prepositions Time
E. jFo , Suseela: When is the interview?
Suguna: On Monday. I will be back here
u-C N, - (in last December )
V, , -q, uC L J -- \ -sx They go to Kashmir every May
h-o ! on the 6th, that is, on Tuesday
3. in: Months years Manoj: Why are you so happy, Mohan? (in every May
at (9.00 in the morning), about (8.30), (), (-q-), )
around (half an hour), after (summer vaca- uC(duration) IN
hC. (, - o C Vocabulary .
tion), in (June), on (the 3rd Monday), in (a Pranav: I will be in Kashmir in June. ?) Fo - L-N. (Pronunciation)
year), for (howmany days) - brackets
\ (June Kashmir
) Mohan: Why not? I got the first mark in last 1) Charming = N = -{---i
oN time expressions ! -E O- Paul: For how long? week's exam. The first time I C - a; v-h a;
Eo-E prepositions of place and position - (-, Eo--V?) scored so high in a year. E-, h- -a.
a) She is very Charming in that dress.

vo: what does he think of himself? E a. what does he think iv) Join a college/ a group/ a course - join
- -sx y ( dress -{-- C)
b) He was Charming towards us
about himself --? preposition J* -N--J-- preposition .
v) attend = attend college/ class/ marriage etc.
-- ( x--- o)
:
N.--- - V, j-- 2) Chase
attend to = j u- . () = - -.
My Father is attending to the repairs of our house. a) The tiger chased the deer.
i) -sx of, about -E (L > --C)
( E ---o)
-a. Think of, think about correct. attend on = -, A-- -u b) The police were chasing the thief.
ii) Prepositions J* N-Jh-o. a) Please attend on the guests (--M- -- f)
iii) agree with = uh --N-. (Gusets -) 3) Drag (v \ 'v,
agree to = E-j p-- b) When I was ill my sister attend on me. Bank ba -L)=
He agreed to stay for another day sister i) He dragged the boy into the room
vo:
( ---p -C)
V---E p--o. Letter writing
* "Thanking you" . C j, (C- )
She agreed to the proposal Thank you N-J---. ii) She dragged him into the quarrel

: j correspondence , letter * thanking you/ Thank you

vA-- p-C. N.%-g-Jh, N-- -E x TC.
I agree with you that he is the best player iii) The movie dragged on
--. E C h-- C -
best player E U--J-h-o/ F --N-h-o. JC. British correspondence Thanking you .
E -D-
I --- 8 -d- 2005
Ravi: Hi Rahul, going somewhere? a) We have classes in the morning everyday
( - - , -\-j- - except on the morning of Sunday.
-o-?) b) The accident took place in the evening, it
Rahul: I am on my way to class. was on the evening of last Saturday, the
(Class --o) 29th.
Ravi: So early? Kumar: How do I go to Learnwell College
( l-o?) from here?
Rahul: Yes. Our Classes are in the morning Learnwell College
(\--*
from 7. }L?
(Classes -) Kamala: You have been here for the past 15
Ravi: But I saw you at the temple on the days. Strange that you don't know c) During this period he has changed a lot Kushal: When did the meeting begin?
morning of the 15th. the way yet. ( -x- J--) (Meeting p begin C?)
(15 K l Eo 15
(y V- \-o ? Officer: When did you take your degree? Koushik: (At) about 6.30 in the evening

-V- -- in.. on
J) J L---- N*-v) (O vU p B--o?) (v 6.30, v)
Kushal: When did it end?
(p T-C?)
Koushik: Around 8. (8, v)
About, Around, prepositions of
time, , n time L --
.
a) \ - o
Rahul: Yes. The 15th was a Saturday. We I was there for about half an hour.
Candidate: In April 2000 (April 2000 )
did not have classes on the morning b) 2002 x teacher
Officer: What have you been doing
of Saturday. E--C.
since then?
(15
classes
D E-. --V l -x--- 44 (p * Since then - She worked as a teacher for about/
)
O h-o?) around two years till 2002.
Ravi: You were planning to go home,
Candidate: I was a teacher for two years c) We reached home (at) about 1.30
when are you leaving? Kumar: No, not 15
upto 2002. 1.30 .
( }----o , p days. I have
--o?) been here only
Since then I have been a j expression- 6 O' Clock, 5.30, 2.00
Software Programmer. (AM/ PM)- O- time E
Rahul: Yes, on the evening of the 25th since last
(, 25 v) Sunday. Only (2002 -x- teacher p--E at about . at C-
Ravi: How do you spend your evenings? 5 days. o. p--* Software about -.
(F -v h?) (. Programmer o (p- period of time 'over' h j
Rahul: Usually I go for a long walk in the \ M. SURESAN --/ ) E n.
evening C- Officer: During your period as Software Bhaskar: How long were you there yester-
(v u - - oC. 5 V) Programmer what computer day?
-) Kamala: And what have you been doing skills have you used? (Eo y \ ---o?)
\ Prepositions -E. in (the during the 5 days? (Software Programmer o , Bhavan: For over an hour (= for more than
morning), on (the morning of saturday), in (J --Vx y N?) computer skills O ?) an hour = --j).
(the evening), on the (the evening of the Kumar: During these five days I have been for, since, during prepositions of Bhaskar: When did he come?
25th) etc. busy buying books, clothes etc. time -. u since --p
prepositions of time: for,
( p--a?)
lesson C -- p verb, have been/ has Bhavan: It was over five when he came.
Prepositions of time. -- --- since, during. been; have + past participle/ has + Past par-
for the past 15 days - 15 ( a--J 5 C.)
oC.. 1) at, time
*a E L V- ticiple form
. -
Since last Sunday - last sunday
* Corrections:
; 2) on, days and dates , j * p-----F, EF n
During these 5 days -
Vx Spoken English 43 :
3) in, months and years E. 4) in, d. (6.9.2005 -*)
'for'
period of time
hC. for an
Column line
uC (a period of time) L hour, for a day, for 10 days .
a) Delhi has been the capital of India since
*, *J ''O-Eo-
(C V-) prepositions of place and position-
F
. the time of the Pandavas
since
* E. v-- E/ h- o x
'In' (Parts of the day)
since 1999 (1999 *) (- * - Mx --E L-N E *aC.
. since he last saw me C E .) ''O-Eo-E Prepositions of time E
In the morning, in the evening, in the b) India was under the British rule during the ---L.
( o --p*).
after noon, in the night or at night. a) India has been independent for the past 18th, 19th and part of the 20th Centuries
Last Column 5 j Kumar: (Over to
Krishna: When do you get up? 58 years. (18, 19 -l, 20 l -- Phone) (Over Phone) E L.

C Vocabulary o Line
(F p Ev h?) b) India has been independent since 1947 British - C.
Kesav: At 5 in the morning a) b) u- n . - about, around, prepositions of ''Fo - L-N ''O
a) No. 1) Eo, No. 2) and 3) - L-
( C-) o-x yv-- o time - o.
Krishna: When do you usually have lunch? -C. N E ---L.
(Lunch p h?)
Kesav: In the afternoon between 1.00 and
b) p--* y-v o
vo: Active Voice, Passive -C* doubt C. I shall do my
-C . home work passive
C. E I shall go to market..
1.30 Period of time 'for', Passive voice
u- . N? N-J-.
(uo 1, 1.30 u) point of time ( */ V */ N.-N, -Lx, K-- >x
-E-. (Parts of the day)
in - , morning, evening
-q *) o-p since L.
Since the vedic times ( *)
: I shall go to market- verbs (go - \ shall go) passive
. verb -JE, EE E vo - - a
etc., 'the' p hC. (In the morn- for the past last five thousand years -s- v passive C.
ing, in the evening etc.) (5000 x) Shall go- \ go } -JE }, EE } E vo
lesson conversation
-E-. I met him last in 2000 Jan - - . d passive .
a) In the morning; On the morning of ( -E 2000
*- ----J- 'do' EE - C d E passive
Saturday
vo: Tx- j p--p O' clock E . d Clock v --a-!
---o.) C.
b) In the evening; on the evening of the 25th. a) I have not met him for the past/ the last
, morning, evening
parts of the four years and ten months .x, Cl-
day in
hC. V --x C- -E ---. : O' Clock of the clock. Of the clock E C* p, - O' clock. \
morning,
D evening
op - b) I have not met him since January 2000 apostrophe (') C- lEo *-hC. d clock n . h- -
on
hC. January 2000 * --E ---. v O' clock . 7.25 O' clock .
I ---
Subhash: Hi pranav, How are you getting
along?
Pranav: O fine. How is it with you?
Subhash: Fine too, thanks. Where in the
work have you been? Ages since
we met.
(- \--o. --
E ----xC).
-Fo vo. . spoken English to, till
Pranav: I was in Bangalore for a month
from Aug. 1st to/ till Aug 31st, and
then in Chennai from Sept. 1st to/
till Sept 6 th, and since then here.
(Bangalore -, Chennai
Sept. 6 th . p--* \)
Subhash: Happy you are back, and in a
good shape too. You remember
my cousin Harsha? He is here
now. He has been here since the
--C 11 -d- 2005
Pratibha: When is he here everyday?
Prabha: He is here from morning 9 till
evening 5.
Pratibha: Is he here upto 5?
(5 ?)
Prabha: He is here until 5 everyday.
(vA-W 5 --\)
' n to, upto, till, until Fo
\.
Sriram: Raghu, for how long has your sister
ANSWERS:
been here? p--- prepositions of place,
Raghu: for the past five days, since the 4th of position and time --o. a) Our office is on the 2nd floor. It is just
this month. Now practice the following sentences/ above the fancy shop on the first floor.
from , since : 'from' -u conversation aloud in English. b) Sunil: Where is the book?
* , a) Office -h C. C Anil: In the shelf.
expressions . since -h-E fancy shop j C. Sunil: I thought it was in the box. I

till.. until..
last Saturday. He will be here
upto the end of this month.
(y u AJT *a--
. - ->- { h-o-?
---Ep- -\- --o- -- --E-
--*. - --- -
---) searched inside the box.
Pranav: What does he do here until then? b) Sunil: h \- (search for = -)
(-- \ h?) C? I looked for it inside the box.
Subhash: He is attending coaching classes -x--- 45 Anil: shelf
Sunil: d
Anil: It is on the notebook in the shelf.
Sunil: I have searched for it since yester-
for ICET.
(\ ICET Coaching B- --o. day.
--o) -. / K/ / - c) Prabhat: Where did the match take
Conversation E prepositions: of, / -q * p- - - , n - -A. M. SURESAN place?
from, to, since, till, until, upto. . * - Anil: shelf F (take place = --)
--J from '* , note book O C. Prakash: On our college playgrounds.
* F, to * present (v h- ) - - , Sunil: Eo--* E- -A. Prabhat: When?
E. * future c) Prabhat: match \ J-TC? Prakash: It began at 7 in the morning
'from-to' h--- - j , future * Prakash: college play grounds yesterday and was over by 9
n: / V/ / / - - j from v to . Prabhat: p J-TC? Prabhat: Was there a match on Sunday
a) 2003* 2004 \ teacher Prakash: Eo l - j Nt-
q * (from) / V/ / morning too?
/ -q (to) E. o. C- --C. Prakash: All matches were in the morn-
He was teacher here from 2003 to 2004
Sukanya: What are your college hours? Prabhat: Sunday morning Match ing. But the match on Sunday
( past)
(O College --N-?) ? morning was very interesting.
b) \ -Lq period 2004 * 2006
Ramakanth: Our College works from 9 am Prakash: Matches Fo mornings J-. d) Suseela: I have been here since 2003
to 4 pm.
. Sunday morning J-T match
Her period/ tenure here is from 2004 to but I have been up the
( College 9 * 4 2006.
interesting C. Charminar only once. While
d) Suseela: E-\ 2003 * o. \-
coming down I almost fell.
E--hC) (from the past to the future)
Sukanya: Do you have classes upto? J v Charminar j
c) Cricket matches 2005 December * (almost = )
(-O Classes x. CT a-p
2006 January . Sucharita: Was there none before you
?) The Cricket matches are from Dec 2005 to
--. and behind you to stop you?
Ramakanth: Except on Saturdays when the Sucharita: F , F
January 2006. (Both future) Suseela: Supriya was far above me,
College works until 2 pm.
Since: Past time * (from some time Eo---E? and sulekha far below me. I
(\ E-p V 2) in the past) p Suseela: v \ j C.
- - - --E - controlled myself somehow.
--: from time/ day/ LqC Since v . from - . Sulekha C.
(far = (\) )
week/ years etc., --* --E. To My sister has been here since 2004 February. control -o. Sucharita: When did this happen?
time/ day/ week/ years etc., - E. (2004 February * sister \ C) Sucharita: -p J-TC?
Suseela: On a January evening, on a
p--p to , till - She has been here from 2004 Suseela: January v.
Sunday.
-, n. . C-.

-v-o: 1. O A, An J* *a N- Jh . ---: 1. A, An J* -N--J-*- -s- \ an' -,The rose (all flowers of the rose species)
- -Eo -s-x capital letters *a--p- Capital letters a/ an ---E-F, is beautiful j L.'Rose' is beautiful d
a -. : A Union, A European, A EF . Rose --C -t j p. (. Oxford/
One-way traffic etc., 2. countable, singular \ o E a/ anF, longman's/ Collins Dictionary/ any standard gram-
2. Mother loves her child wrong o. E -sEo d 'The' F ---. Mother loves her mar book.
widest sense article
. : Rose is Child p. 'mother' countable singular . 3. Waters plural form n C-/ -v-E
beautiful All Roses
o-p E n. A rose A/ an ' n , 'any' E, 'all' F Fx E. (Eg: The waters of the Krishna (river).
rose -C ! -p- Eo Roses no . Generalise --p A mother Water
F} -J-* x---p .
-i-N E n-. DE J* Jh N- loves her child . E n every mother E, - Water dissolves salt. Waters
-p- .
--y-. - 'any mother' E. -F mother E . C p uncountable.
3. Water uncountable plural - s 'A dog is a faithful animal' o-p A dog = all ani- 4. I get up at 6 AM every day
o-p -\--. d.
o. E hC. Deep waters, Troubled mals of the species ( A n hC). O-ox, F - p .
waters E ! N-J-. Countable singular, Widest sence A/ an EC \ 'How often do you go there?' o vo vA-W
4. I get up at 6 a.m. o-p Everyday E - 'Man' N-- . eg: Man is mortal: Man proposes, h E -.
\--. C habitual everyday E - God disposes. Nx *a article I go there every day. \ everyday p .
-. N--J--. -Lq . 'Rose' is beautiful - p. A rose I go to bed at 10 every night. \ every night
-N.-N.-..-, -N---o (any rose/ every rose) is beautiful - correct. 'A/ ---E, p.
I --- ---- 13 -d- 2005
Janaki: Jamuna, Who are you looking at?
C- =Jumping into the river
(, -JE/ -J-j h-o?) Walk into my place at midnight and I shall be
Jamuna: The man walking across the road happy to invite you with a cup of coffee or tea
and turning towards the bank y l--v- -. p --
building. He is going into the bank F -F F y -!
now. -J-j %---y- ''F
(Road bank building j --- Eq-- a -E
-ho -E. -E-p bank .
h-o) Into - j E---Eo *-
Janaki: He is turning to the left in the bank hC. C u -- hC.
He is into business
now. Is that the man? Why are you
interested in him?
u h-o b) As the train went through the tunnel, it
software (computers) E--hC \ past, off prepositions -. became suddenly dark
(p-- u --j A--- She is into software. past uh-E-E, v-EoE
o. -? J* - Train /* x-p,
-q u v-G- }, \*/ -j * \--J <-j--C.
h?) }.
. p ho L- c) Chandan: Did you get your favourite
Jamuna: Don't you remember? The other He was into dairy last year. No idea what he post office x hero's autograph yesterday?
day he jumped into the river to is now. He is now past the post office.
(--E-o O G- auto-
save my drowning cousin, that five 4. Out of: C into opposite. p \-*/ o x graph B-o?)
year old Ramesh He has just walked past me.
E - . Chandra: No, It was impossible to push
my way through the crowd to
get to him

take off your... (* -E _-

x- u )
d) Please pass the thread through the eye
of the needle.
( C- \-.
Eye of the needle= C- )
e) Bhagavan: When am I getting the
(h-? V cousin, x (' -* n money?
v E-T-- C- C) ( s-p- --hC?)
By the time he joined us,
~-) Brahman: Tomorrow. I will send it
Janaki: Yes, I remember. Really brave
( h-*aC. E ju-h)
-x--- 46 we were past our school
L---p-
through Vishnu.
( Ng y -h)
Jamuna: I wish to go to him and thank him school R}- Bhagwan: Why through Vishnu? You
( _--R} thanks p--C) Ramesh: Have you seen Manyam? . yourself give if to me.
Janaki: He is out of the bank now and walk- (u o E-- F?) 6. Off: preposition M. SURESAN (Ng y/ - ?y
ing away very fast. Naresh: I saw him coming out of the home n - * y)
( bank --*a, y and getting into an auto. Perhaps CL R}--. Now practice the following in English:
h-o) he has gone to the doctor. ( Sankar: (On the bus = bus) Hi Sanjeev, Prabhakar: \-o* h-o?
Janaki: He is already past the 'tiffin centre'. * *a Auto where are you going? Pramod: p train C. Chennai *
We shall not be able to reach him. It x . doctor _- Sanjeev: To Nampalli station, where are you h-o.
is too late. And walking through this x-? going? Prabhakar: v C?
crowd will delay us. Ramesh: Why doctor? Sankar: I am getting off the bus at Abids. I Pramod: v - v. v-
(p- centre Rx-- (Doctor _ ?) am going my aunt's, half a kilome- Ev----. Ev -
. -E -- d . Naresh: Don't you know? He isn't (is not) yet tre off Tilak Road. -J train L C.
p- u C. -* out of his fever. Add to that his boss ( G-q CT--o. \-- Answers:
- u -C) is troubling him a lot. * Tilak Road -O- Prabhakar: Where are you coming from?
---E prepositions: at, across, (O L-? - y * o Aunt Pramod: I have got off the train just now;
towards, into, to, outof, past, through ----. E (Add to ho.) from Chennai.
prepositions Eo-F prepositions of that) x boss -E sC (off \ away from E). Prabhakar: How was the journey?
direction . OE directions --o) Sanjeev: Your top shirt button has come off Pramod: The Journey the whole night was
(C\) -- . Ramesh: Why doesn't he get out of the job? your shirt. through rain. I slept through the
1. across: ( job * -----/ C- (F shirt button, shirt * journey. The train was past Tenali
-- lessons across the road L--d--?) a-C) When I got up.
-sx 'across' -, --L- N 'out of' n, ---. Off uses .
j E --o. \ across 5. Past - }. a) Take off your feet from on the table
(walking across o-p) f E. Anwar: I saw you hurrying past our shop Table O-* F (x) B.
f , -E K C this morning. Where were you b) Police driving license B-o
While he was walking across the road, a going? The police have taken off his driving
license.
-v-o: Says
lorry knocked him down (--y l -N-
(while crossing the road E -a) * /shop } c) -\ p team Rakhi, designer, "since I was
Sailing across the sea in a rudderless boat is . \- h-o?) Tendulkar is off the team. walking on footpath the offender could
Aswin: My uncle was coming by the 7 AM d) E-x villain v , not get too close to me. So he caught
foolish
(\E E -vEo N-) train- I was rushing to the station to *- hold of my duppatta and almost choked
receive him. Though he acts the roles of villain on the me. The incident left an ugly scar on my
(rudder = \E)
( uncle 7 AM train h-o. screen, he is a fine gentleman off the neck.
2. Towards/ to:
o receive ---E station screen eve teasers English daily
police j h-o, h J*
-N- }) e) - *a-C. since n, -
C
Anwar: Is he here now? Off the screen she is not so glamourous, I p. example sentence y.
The policeman is coming towards to me. I'm
mean off her make up (Make up )
---:
(I am) afraid ( p\-o?) -.--, ----T-J, --_- ->-x
\ to = towards = J/ v j Aswin: No, he got off the train, and drove to - x off = away from ( -
i) \ since because (-x). since
Walk across the sands towards the shore, the college. He is delivering a lecture * ) E.
7. Through: n ' I was walking on the foot path - foot
you will find the blue water of the sea there.
a) Bhaskar: Where is the manager's path O -ho--x E. (Since it is
B-j R F -vE FL-Fx ( train CT \ college R}-
room, please? raining, I want an umbrella- {- -h-o--
E--h. -. -\-- lecture h-
The arrow points to the north o) Receptionist: Please pass through x L.)
the door on the left and ii) Road -j- N foot path, platform
h h C\ -hC. Anwar: You are still on your bike. Get off it
3. Into: Into - E. and have some tea with me. then turn left
. C j English . Road
Bank h-o (--y bike O o. CT (-- y
-j- N Pavements. American
English sidewalk.
He is walking into the bank. h tea ) Rx Sx left A-) iii) Eve teasers - English .
I --- 15 -d- 2005
Murali: Hi! Manoj, what brings you to this
Doesn't he (does he not) appear to be
office again?
above 40?
(- --- , Sx office c) 35 x l-x Government jobs
--a?) |--
Manoj: I've (I have) come for my service cer-
Those above 35 years of age are not
tificate.
qualified for govt. jobs
( service certificate a.) -x above over
Murali: How long did you work here?
-a.
(y E---N-\?) Those above 35 = Those over 35
Manoj: I joined here at the age of 20 and
3. - \ = below
left at the age of 23. That means 3 (Sorry, , Nt-x - b) Jagdeesh: F
i) x \ -- -o x- _ | ?
years. To be exact it is a little over q, I Class * V Class C (| = eligible,
v h
three years. _- = participate/ take part,
We give this medicine only to children x v)
(E-\ 20 . 23 -R}- below the age two. ! Prepositions of age: = competition/ contest)
-. x. correct a) at the age of/ at a young age/ at an old Suma: 20, 30 x u x v C.
ii) - q 20 x- \
Jagadeesh: F | C ?
x Cl j) He is below 20 age/ at the proper age
Murali: Murthy has also left us. isn't he (is he
not) the same age as you?

He left school at..

(Jh office CL
Rx. F
?)
Manoj: No, I am 23 now, and he is above 24.
He is atleast a year older than I.
What about you?
(. -j-x. - -j Suma:
iii) ---q business -v-G-*--p 30 x -E p--E
---x \. F -N-?) ---o?
Murali: I am under twenty one. I am slight-
20 x-
Jagadeesh: Sorry, F 30 x- -
ly, that is, just a few months over 20.
He was below twenty (years of age)
when he started his business.
-x--- 47 o.
(-j--\-x- \. 20 x c) Naresh: Hi, Ajitha, -?
iv) 15 x x- D E
Eo \) -q-/ , Ajitha: - .
\ prepositions : at (the age of), This movie is not for those below 15
*o/ --l/ --j Naresh: u! -q?
above (24), under (20), over (20) ---E- \ below under -a. Ajitha: l---- E--.
-.
. prepositions Fo- -q (below = under \) b) above/ over a certain E . - 78
v) 14 x- \ -- x- - x- x. d--p- - 55
-C-* -sx . d OE age
prepositions of Age . -d---. -- --q j xj. t-t 50 .
1. at (the age of) Nobody shall appoint for any work Naresh: --
(-x more M. SURESAN
boys or girls under 14 -- o !
- -q-/ --- --p/ o--/- than so many years
-o-x-p O- C p-o 4. - u = between ANSWERS
-a).
- at . Parent: Will you let my daughter partici- a) Pavan: Who were you talking to?
c) below/ under - .
a) 16 x school C-L--d. pate in the competition Ravikanth: To my uncle.
(Less than/ lower than )
He left school at 16/ at the age of 16/ ( tE -_E-h?) d) between = -q- u. Pavan: Your uncle? He appears to be
at 16 years of age. Teacher: How old is she? which class is below 25 years. Is he older than
NOW PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING:
b) 22 -}-C. she in? you by two or three years only?
a) Pavan: y -J x---o Ravikanth: Don't be silly. I am 20 years
she got married at 22/ at the age of 22 (-? class C?)
c) *o/ l/- -j Parent: She is ten plus. she is in VI
() Old. He is above 35.
Ravikanth: -u Pavan: He doesn't (does not) look his
at a young age/ at an old age/ at the class.
Pavan: O u? 25 x- --- age
proper age (-x-o \. - --A -Eh-o-. F x Ravikanth: He went abroad at a very
2. - j = above ----C) l? young age. He returned only
a) 60 x j--- ---x senior citizens (above ten/ over ten/ ten plus) Ravikanth: *a--*a x-. last week.
people above 60 years of age are Teacher: I'm sorry. This competition is j. 35 - \. b) Jagadeesh: Are you eligible to partici-
senior citizens. for children between five and Pavan: ----ox --. pate in the competition?
b) - 40 x- l-- -E-- nine years of age, that is, for Ravikanth: *o---- foreign Suma: It is only for those between 20 and
--? pupils of I class to V class. x. Last week AJ--a. 30 (years of age)
Jagadeesh: Then you are eligible
-v-o: 1) I' asked him not to N?Sentence * not to -v-o: I Know her (A.V.) Suma: Do you want to make me say that
-s ? She is Known by me (P.V.) or I am above 30
2) What the postman must do is provide the address- She is known to me (P.V.) Jagadeesh: Sorry, I thought you were
- n-N-? A.V. P.V.
j u-- E --Jh u Correct? under thirty.
do - is -s hC? -?-N--J--. c) Naresh: Hi Ajitha, how is every body?
Ajitha: My grandfather died a week ago
---: 1) 'I asked him not to' -j j h-E
-G.--, -Nu--, --_- ->-x N
The Water fills the tank (A.V.) (Week back )
, l E n. The tank is filled by the water (P.V.) Naresh: Sorry to hear that. What was his
A: He said he would complain to the police. (or) age? / How old was he?
B: I asked him/ told him not to. The tank is filled with the water (P.V.) Ajitha: He died at an old age. We do
( Police complaint y--lE p, E) P.V. uCorrect? miss him, of course. He was 78.
2) What the postman must do is Postman - - -t -- --p-, When I was born he was above/
E n. What the Postman must do is provide the over 55. Grand mother was
---: Passive , know -N----, fill -N----
---, -N---o ->-x
address = Postman -Lq-- address y-. D below/ under 50.
Dn. C -s do is hC. by -. is known to, is filled with E hC. Naresh: Even at such an age he was
What you must do (now) is, study well and get good marks 'fill' N- fill E p--E by hC. healthy.
Ny-p- -Lq-x CN marks a---. The tank is filled with water by Ram.
I --- --C 18 -d- 2005
Kranthi: Hi Karuna, How are you?
2. Between: u
Karuna: Fine. Thank you. How are you?
a) MRO Collector u Sub-collector
Kranthi: Fine too. How is your new job?
(F h job C?)
.
The Sub collector is between the MRO
Karuna: Absolutely no complaints. None
and the collector in rank and power.
above me. I am the boss.
( . Jh C. j prepositions -J-* v-:
a) above/ over= j/ \--/ N*
. boss .) / u
absolute = Jh
b) below/ under = / \-- / T_
Kranthi: How many are there in all?
(O office h C?) / u
c) between = u (/ u)
(in all = h) Dharani: Some Officers were also there, I Dharmendra: It is on the riverside. Far off
Karuna: There are five under me. My posi- NOW PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING:
think. from the town. A lonely spot.
tion is below that of the Area 1) Bharani: Hi Dharani, o?
Bharani: They are all my dad's col- It is an ideal spot for a picnic.
Manager. Dharani: -, o F birthday
leagues. Two or three of them (C f J .
party --C a?
are above the rank of marketing -i . Picnic -
( --- -E-ho.
Area Manager -y- n- Bharani: -d \--d-. 35, 40
Managers. j ).
o) u --*a--d-o. Dharani: Are they above your dad? --- a, an, the - J-Q-Ll. --C-
Kranthi: How many branches has your Dharani: C Officers *a-- Bharani: Most of them are below/ under - a/ an - --o .
Company? d-o? 1) Countable singulars (\-d -- -
Eo v p--p-) A/ An

The pen is mine

hC. ( l, , , , , , ,
, , , v u English
An, N A E
.)
2) Uncountables (\--dE A/ An
. p 'The' l.
A) 'The' pronunciation:
Karuna: Between 12 and 14. Bharani: x o
(12, 14 u. branches u) Colleagues l ', , , , , , ., , ,
Kranthi: Is the work heavy? (-u- v u English
-x--- 48
(- -) ). - , 'C ----.
The order (C ), The egg (C ),
heavy \- (\) x l
The industry (C )Z , The Owl (C
Karuna: No. Not above 15 files a day. On _
Marketing my dad. one or two of them are ), The honour (C ) etc. a
Saturday it is even below 7 or 8.
Manager above my dad. bank, ant L---p 'C
(V 15 files
j M. SURESAN
. 2) Chandra: Hi, Surya, come in. Where . The ant (C ant), the (C) hour,
Saturday 7, 8 o \)
were you yesterday. etc. N l- , ' --.
Kranthi: How Hours at office? x.
Dharani: O oJ jx? Surya : My classmates and I went for a The () book, the () tree, the ()
(V Eo ?)
Bharani: -C oJ- C- picnic. We were about ten. University etc.
Karuna: Not so rigid. We are there between
Chandra: Did you enjoy yourselves?/ Did B) Countables, uncountables, singulars,
10 AM and 6 PM for above six to x. -J-l o- \
you enjoy the day (Picnic)? / plurals- OE - J-* -- E
six and a half hours. o-x.
2) Chandra: Hi Surya, come in. Eo \-- Had a good time? vu- p--p 'The' .
( *a--i - . C-
o? Surya: Yesterday was very pleasant. A book is there. (\ h C).
J- u 6, 6 1/2
) Surya: , Classmates Picnic The temperature was below 20 The book is my borther's
---E prepositions -E- : x. -- CC-N. degrees. cool and pleasant. We (C brotherC).
above, below, under, between. Chandra: ? were there for over six hours. \ A, the a. /
1. 'Above' -o Eo -- -- Surya: , Eo x--- C. one of us brought a Cake. It was n 'A' . sentence
lesson --o. \ g-v 25 vU o \. above 2 Kgs. ( ) n 'The' . d
'above' - -l. x C. -\ - Chandra: How much did each spend? countables (singular &
Karuna: None above me. I am the boss. j -. Surya: Between Rs 250 and 300 each. plural), uncountables (singular and plural)
office j . Cake a. -




the , L.
C--JE. o \ -C. (u-i : Eox p -sEo,
C--, -J-j - -Eo Chandra: \-\-J -a-C? Dharmendra: We are all going on a Picnic. nFod English A F, An F, the F
Surya: Wont you join us? nouns Eo -Lq)
'above' . 'there are five under
250, 300 - u.
me' \ under C--, ANSWERS ( Picnic ho. Sx h--: / n
A/ An . - 'The' .
. 1) Bharani: Hi Dharani, how are you? y -?)
Home Minister Chief Minister Dharani: Fine, By the by, how many Damodar: When is the Picnic? a) A pen is for writing (pen -E)
o \ attended your birthday party the (Picnic p?) (- A/ An _d .)
The rank of the Home Minister is below that day before (yesterday)? Dharmendra: On Sunday. It is a nice spot. b) The pen in your pocket is mine.
of the Chief minister. The Home Minister Bharani: I didn't count exactly. There (Sunday ho. o x (F o pen --C).
under the Chief Minister in power and rank. were between 35 and 40 v -C.) \ The --E rule. -C? E vo
(\ -E--Lq . o (The people present were Damodar: Where is the spot? - - -, A/ An .
\-/ --J = below. between 35 and 40) ( \?) --- h 'The' .
J = under . 'Officers
below/ under the rank of the district collector
sentences below, under
-v-o: 1) Where did you go? ---: 1) Where did you go? y-\---x? E.
Where have you went? Where did you went? Correct .
-a) 2) It is time we left Did y go hC; went .
a) VEO j o officers v 2) It is time we left. It is high time we left-
It is high time we left.
jeep ---T- | C. Those / O n p -}--LqC, E.
O---u -- -N--J---.
officers above the rank of the VEO are eli- }-Lq Time ---E.
3) No, ifs and buts, young man, you
gible for jeeps. (eligible= | L-T) 3) - -u-E -n -, T- E ----- -l, F -
must speak out your mind.
b) Collector \ C--- p E. @N- --x JT /--JT -
C- u-E n N?
4) I want to ask him for help - -u E ---. J-T-/- --\-
Those below/ under the rank/ position of ---E ---. -s- 'ifs and buts'
the Collector do not have this power.
-E --E
---o. . If ; but --p-.
c) vA CC-j Supervisor If Gandhi had been alive... -D A ...
Office
-E --E
---o (). but he is not... , ...
There is a supervisor over/ above every no ifs and buts - N ---- E-n E.
ten workers.
-D-E-E English -- ---L?
4) I used to think of asking him for help
-x rank , position, level, -.--, --.--E-, --x-, --E --E ---o.
designation --E -a. '- n. -p---J ->-x. (I used to feel like asking him for help)
I --- -- 20 -d- 2005
Gowtham: Hi Gambhir, I saw a bike in front
3) Robert: Where is Vijayawada?
of the bank by your home.
(N-- \-C)
(O \ bank Guide: About 300 kms to the South East
bike ---)
of Hyderabad. On the banks of
Gambhir: Wasn't it (was it not) yesterday? I
the Krishna.
saw the bike too. Really stunning.
(Hyderabad jA -C-- ,
(Eo ? - bike . 300 kms %g
C. f --C)
Stunning = au L () Robert: I have heard of Rajahmundry.
Gowtham: (Do you) know the owner? Where is it?
(--J ?) (-v -J-* No.
conversations spoken form -\ ---C?) 2) Pranav: Where is Vijayawada?
(Do you) N C- know him? Guide: A little distance from Prakash: About 40 kms off the sea coast.
(C price, rate . Rate p
questions h -C.Practice . unit E v.)
Vijayawada. It is on the (\ about = , off =
Gambhir: Yes. It is the bank manager's PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING:
Godavari. Where are you com- prepositions
(. C bank manager C) Vinai: x O -?
ing from? -E-)
Gowtham: Perhaps you have an account (Do begin )
(N-- --. -J Pranav: Is the Krishna a big river?
with the bank. A big account, Vijai: . o- x - 11
f. O-\---* h-o?) Prakash: Yes. It is a very big river. One of
( bank F account -- Robert: From Goa. The beaches of the the twelve major rivers in India.
~- o.
Vinai: x curtains Fo -o. cur-
. l h--?) Arabian sea are really grand. How





tain f o? Fo f-

rate.. at, price.. for

\?
Vijai: . O .320 v o.
h 4500 C.
Vinai: chairs ?
Vijai: chairs, sofa, table Fo--L
12000 C.
ANSWER:
1) last lesson 'The' E Vinai: Do you own this house ?
-J-* -- far is
-o-C: 'The' Vijai: Yes. My father bought it for Rs.11 lakh
, --l - Vijayawada
two years ago.
from the Bay
-x--- 49
-E ---- '-?/
which? o question --E --E - Vinai: The curtains are really nice. How
of Bengal?
h The --L. ( *. much did you buy the curtain cloth
a) He bought a book yesterday. \ -G for? Are all of them the pieces of the
Eo- h -o-. h which same cloth?
-v -B- Khalid: The mangoes are good. How much
book? (o) question , no -- -- M. SURESAN Vijai: Yes. We bought it at Rs.320 a metre.
did you buy them for?
answer. So 'a book' in the sentence. --o. N-- We bought the whole cloth for about
( N--x -o. o?) Rs.4500 (The whole thing cost us
b) The book there is mine. Bay of Bengal * Kesav: At Rs. 80 a dozen. I bought all these
\-o h --C. ' h/ which about Rs.4500)
?) for Rs. 160/-. There was a better
book?' question , The book there Guide: About 40 kms Vinai: What about these chairs?
variety, but the price I felt was too
\-o h E answer hC d. -- 'The' -- : Vijai: These (the) chairs, that (the) sofa,
high. I was not prepared to buy them
2) l _ x----o- x--J To the Southeast, The Krishna, The that (the) table - we bought all of them
at that price.
L- N The hC. j - Godavari, The Arabia Sea, The Bay of together for Rs.12000/- (All these cost
(Dozen 80 --- -p- -o.-
- . The bank by your home, Bengal. x, --v- x- us Rs.12000/-)
O- 160 ---C. -o p Vocabulary items .
the bike, the owner, the bank manager. - *a- the -Lq. C\- *- C. F K
\ O-Eo 'The' hC. *--E (to the southeast) . 1) E---}- = go to a movie/ film/ picture.
\ -E--*C. - 2) --N f--
-F?--Fo
x---o NOW PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING: l )
Gowtham, Gambhir l-J 1) Ram: \ library \? serve a meal/ food/ lunch/ dinner
d. \ 'at' 'for' prepositions - 3) , --N *a x--y-
Bank, bike, owner, bank manager vh-- Raghu: Cl h -j -R}, ---j l. Rate dozen , ,
A-. library -EhC. offer tea/ coffee/ a drink/ a seat
x L- N- -E. O at .
Pavan: Where are the books? Ram: - library l-? (Is begin 1) Gu 20 . -p- o
(-E -p-)
4) coffee a E B-
( -h---\?) L) I bought this rice at Rs 20 a Kg.
Ravi: Can't you see? They are on the Raghu: GLf *o. h- v - He offered me coffee but I didn't take it.
2) She bought her dress material at Rs. 300
table. 5) --E coffee *a O x
-o. a metre.
(-E-- ? table O-o.) 2) Pranav: N-- \? (-- -v ---J-- O 300 . p B-
Pavan: And where's (where is) the pen? Prakash: vB-E 40 km I offered him coffee, but because he was
-oC) angry with me, he refused it/ to take it.
Ravi: There too. On the table. C. When we say we bought mangoes at Rs.80
(\. table O) Pranav: %-g -l ---? refuse= A- \-J--, p-----
a dozen, ( dozen 80. v o)
Pavan: Where is the paper for me to write Prakash: - l C. -- E 12 l 6) y-J-- = accept
, C Rate. d E- at.
(-E paper C?) x C . N p--p h Eo x o, E-*a B
Ravi: You find a lot of paper in the shelf ANSWERS: He did not accept my gift
h D -L-.
there. 1) Ram: Where is the library here? - - y-J
He bought these mangoes for Rs.200
( shelf ---- paper C) Raghu: Walk a little to the north and turn (B)
(to the) left. You see the library.
-x h .200 d--o. He doesn't (does not) accept gifts.
\ The books, The table, The pen, (C price; rate , d for)
The shelf o. - Ravi, Pavan Ram: Is the library big/ a big one? not accept = reject
Raghu: The building is small, but the
h Gu 1600 ---C He rejected my gift =
vh-N-ho books, table, pen, shelf Rx-l-J I bought this bag of rice for Rs. 1600/-
L---. -E \- 'The' ----o. books are many. He did not accept my gift.

-v-o: 1) O Q&A QJ{- - vo ----Nh... 2) C situation u-Eo present passive future J EE *-hC.
''regular - J actions -T---, perfect passive --T---? 2) Which is provided C correct. - p
present passive h--o. -- --C d? J--..? Mouse, keyboard input
- ''A lecturer is appointed by the commit- Input:- "A computer accepts data which is provided devices data C-h. EE computer
tee" text book
- uEo --. F by means of a input device like mouse, or key board" B-C. OJ-*a sentence
regular -- J actions (Input device -j- f, - u- h--Eo N--d. -C?
present passive simple future passive
"input"
y-J--Eo ). v u-E 1) An input device like a mouse or keyboard pro-
--T-. : "In every business 'data'
n h ' u- O C-* y- vides the data.
enterprise, the accounts will be classified on "A computer accepts
C y-J-C. d -- 2) The computer accepts it. p sentence no.1
the basis of one key factor. That key factor is data which has been provided by means of input passive Ja --E L is provides
debit and credit. - uEo. ' - device like a mouse or key board" E p-a? d E -hC . . data,
Debit, Credit - plural. Computer J-- v
---:
-- K_--J-h . C .--.--, --
p J . accounts are classified 1) \ The accounts are classified singular .
E -? Ba--. -- correct, will be classified C
I [- 22 d 2005

Ganesh: Hi Harish, pleasure seeing you j --- made (make) #a prepo-

here. Welcome. Do come in. sitions -E made of, made from,
(, K! Eo \[ [[/ made out of.
y \- [ - 1) All the furniture is made of teak.
C. -L !) Do come in = - Jo- .
L E d p[. h E -Eo made of
O conversation practise . . `of' \[ p-E-J.
Harish: Pleasure is equally mine/ Pleasure We make tables of wood.
is mine too. So this is your new ( tables (-q) \ h.)
home. Really splendid. The furniture a) Vx Et----- ,
is elegant too. \ j- ] d xd-
( C. ]-o- j- [-o.
O h x. C. O Nowadays we are using pipes made of
pieces.
Jo- W- C.) (pipes of) hard plastic instead of pipes ?
'pleasure' -expressions Fo conversa- curtain
( < \- C.) Suguna:
made of iron and steel for construction pur- [ d v -
tional bits. O conversation [ b) She made a beautiful figure out of the
poses. ? d-[-?
pieces of coloured paper. sweat- y
[. -j h (finished product) E
Splendid = excellent j Eh p[ made of
( T- \- t Suseela: ]. \-- -
Elegant = W-j . C). ?
This Table is made of wood- o-p[ \
D made of, made from, made out of ]u- Answers:
. 1. Raghu: What do you want, sir?

of... from... out of

made of.
E-h C. d Ram: I am looking for good tables and
Now practise the following aloud in English.
2) The sweet is made from flour and milk. chairs.
1) Raghu: - O?
( y , h (--[-C)). Raghu: How about these tables and
Ram: x, Ka #--o o-
\[ made y from hC ! , chairs, sir?
(from flour and milk) o-p[ \[ ho. Ram: They are made of plastic. I want
Raghu: x, Ka [.
-j h (finished product) -n- tables and chairs made of good
Ram: N xd- teak.
N . Raghu: There they are sir. Of good teak
# and in a variety of designs.
Ram: They're (they are) OK. I need
x 50
N some mattresses and pillows too.
L. mattress =
Your drink is good. How did you make it? Raghu: N \-[-
bed = - o
(raw material - --/ -) o. #
Raghu: Here are they sir. Made from
Ganesh: Thank you. The furniture is all j E-]. d made from. , NN] M. SURESAN
Sponge, rubberized coir- no prob-
made of teak. Dad got the wood Made of , made from -E.
j-x.
Ram: lem in summer as they are not
specially from Bhadrachalam
N o. Eo
-- [, [ h- -- made only of sponge.
forests. How about having this -j--p[ from --T-L. -, C[x L.
Raghu: \-[-o [. -N Ram: That's OK. How much are they?
sweet? It's vilakand. Mom's (Mom a) T-Eo h (#) h. 2) Suguna: Your drink is good. How did you
has) made it. Paper is made from waste material.
sC . h
p sponge, rubber- make it?
(Jo- . Paper `from'.
h E-] d Suseela: From a mix of grape juice,
ized -j-N.
o- v- [ # b) d ] Eo L-- . orange juice, ginger extract,
p-. y B. C N- The doctor made this medicine from some
(= coir)
Ram: C . ] x o? sugar, and a little pepper pow-
. t C.) herbs. der.
2) Suguna: Ny-#a v C.
Harish: (After taking a bite) It's delicious! herbs)
(L-= (ginger = x, extract = B )
What's the stuff it is made of? 3) Our carpenter made it out of the wooden
?
Suseela: v, --, Cl x- Suguna: Really fine. How about this
(( AE) # C. E pieces. dress of yours?
h DEo?) , - -, NJ--
( v[T DEo NT-L-- \--\- Suseela: It is made of pure silk. Is it good?
stuff = n
- L- Nv-.
Suguna: How are you able to wear it in
---[.)
Ganesh: It's a new variety. It is made from a \[ out of [-o. Eo h-- \- (-E: C u . vo
such hot sun? Don't you sweat?
mix of rice and wheat flour, milk, EN p[ `make out of' -.)
Suguna: C. v? Suseela: No. I am most of the time in our
ghee etc. . Suseela: h d C air conditioned office.
(Gu-p, ]--, , u a) She made the curtain out of the sari
L h.)
: N- y - Lp#C vo: An awareness programme will be held at kurnool on saturday. u p[ O sentence DE continuation
v. -] v-Ao--. future tense ]E . u [. d. an amount of
(flour = , pronunciation- x, flour, flower a) An amount of Rs. 104 crores would be paid in Rajampet constituen- Rs. 104 Crore would be paid... C
- pronunciation) cy of Cuddapah district on Saturday. independent sentence \[
Harish: That flower vase stand over there, u Indirect Speech past tense
? refer would be paid d ]. \[ -
that particularly attracts me. Is it very h? x - -- [s J-Tx - Lq verb will be paid. d. O
expensive? x? C--- --x. Future
(\ x d C. b) 'Dr YSR is sure that availability of funds would not be a hindrance'- --C E n.
C K?) u Indirect Speech - YSR was sure E L ! F b) Dr YSR is sure that the availability
flower vase= V/ v ] News paper is sure E ? - is sure E Lq of funds would not be a hindrance-
vase- pronunciation- British - , h will be hindrance E L ! N-J---. p[ main clause verb
d
American - -/--) sub-ordinate clause verb
-J-L.
Ganesh: No. Our carpenter made it out of
N FL, x-
\[ Dr YSR is sure
E report
h-
the wooden pieces left over. will not be
: a) An amount of Rs. 104 d v p-. ]
-p[ L.
(]. NT-L-- \-\- sentence
correct form.
Dr
v[T Eo [.) crores would be paid in Rajampet con- u ]-- The Minister YSR was sure
E report
h (]-
left over = NT-L---C. stituency of Cuddapah district on said that money would be disbursed to
YSR
o nAE p[
eg. She gave the left overs to the beggar. Saturday- u Indirect Speech the deserving (|-j J [s y- report
ho d was) would not
( NT-L-- E Ga-- #aC.) C, ] uEo -[-C.) sentence ] be- correct.
I --- --C 25 -d- 2005
Radhika: Hi Rama, (are you) in a hurry?
British English Quarter past, half past
- o? etc., \- -. N -
Rama: You bet I am. I am on my way to
- p-a.
class. I'm afraid I shall be late. It's
02.10- Ten minutes past two
already 7.50 and the class is at 8
(- Two ten),
(O' clock)
02.50- Ten (minutes) to three
you bet I am -
-*a-. (
- o-E y bet - (- Two fifty)
j expressions past n: ' E.
a. *a- E .)
(Past - pronunciation = d)
class ho. Late --.
p- 7.50 C. x 8 ) lessons , nEo
Radhika: Shall I see you in the evening -}- past. He is past the building. 6) Before 'of' phrases, if 'of' comes after a Prakash: Yes. From the old testament in the
then? - = Past the age. plural (plural form of phrases
y h Bible.
Kapil Dev is past the age of playing cricket. plural form The
Eo v --? --). Bible old testament
E -EC
Rama: I'm afraid it's a bit early. Make it cricket --C. 7) Before the names of famous buildings, of Prabhat: Just as Maya Bazar is an episode
quarter past five. Past that will be historical buildings, of big hotels, of mon- from the Mahabharatam
too late again. Saikiran: Hi Lakshman, where are you uments, etc. ------E - ---Eo -
coming from? Pavithra: Hi, Puneetha, did you see the - E -B--x
Lakshman: (I am) returning from a party. professor?
Prakash: But I Doubt if Maya Bazar is from
Saikiran: Where? v-- ? the Original Mahabharatam
Puneetha: No, she left for the US yesterday.
-x--- 51 Lakshman: At the wine n' dine Hotel.
Saikiran: Where is it?
No idea when she will be back.
-- ---
- -- --E - ----.
On her way back she is going to
Lakshman: Don't you know? It's near the --, p p v, Nv
spend a week in the UK. She will
C . the Krishna Studio. return home by the UAE. v x 'the' p -.
(\ I'm afraid = I am afraid Saikiran: A nice place, isn't it? What about Pavithra: I think she is the first in her This is the Telugu translation of the koran.
-Eo --; j o the Shelton Hotel near the department to be invited to so C -.
u- --. Charminar? many countries. the Grandhsahib etc. --
x y v x 'the' .
Valmiki's Ramayanam, Vyasa's Maha

India.. The US..

bharatam etc.
Practise the following aloud in English.
Karuna: Hi Kranthi, -Rd ?
E-u-- u--vA h -Eo
v--.
Kranthi: ?
eg: I'm afraid it is not possible for -C ? The Professor, The US,
j --: Karuna: 22* 32u - \---J
me to give it = C y---- Charminar_ Shelton Hotel The UK, The UAE. -v---, - E-u -%A h
y E u- p-.) 5-15 C? (designations), 'The'
- hC. (Lp C -- ---)
. (Make it -E-. Laxman: Don't know much about it. By the The District Collector, The Prime Minister of Kranthi: ? -J (US) , Britain
by I am leaving for Delhi tonight. I India, etc. (UK) ---
5.15 ad -E) -C --
Sx -u---C. am going to stop for two days at (a) The Prime x C ?
Agra to see my uncle Minister of India, Karuna: . -x -C \
Radhika: That suits me fine.
ok
( E) --E -J-* - --L--. Mr Manmohan u---- UAE, US, UK
C conversation C F, --- vA Mx - Singh Rx -o. -Z -A --l-
lessons
p--- dia-
o. J v-V v (b) Mr Manmohan - -N-- (brain drain)
logues Fo NN -sx uncle x Singh, Prime -J-* o -u- --
Spoken English forms. OE l _ Saikiran: You will sure see the Taj, Won't Minister of India.
- uh--J- .
you? Kranthi: ou Maldives
practise , M. SURESAN
Lecturer Post Apply . h
L h x---
conversation
-- p h ? N h - /
. O -- -d--C
Laxman: And also the Rashtrapathi --N 'The' Rx--. Job h --
time expressions
j ---E -
Bhavan in New Delhi. hC (a) - -. - uh , y \- -o.
E-. 7.50, 8 (O' clock), half past five, Answer:
quarter past 5, past that.
Mx -ZA h. / --Nh E 'The' (b)
Karuna: Did you see/ go through the
j -- 'The' -E-: --. C u. -u , N
-C-- ---o : - j Eenadu Today ? The Chief Minister
The Wine n' Dine Hotel, The Krishna Studio, (designation, office - office \-
E *a- p--L-T--p at . The Charminar, The Taj, The Rashtrapathi
has announced a new scheme for
At 3 pm, at 4.15 etc. u- , N --E n) The
the benefit of the unemployed peo-
Bhavan. h- p vl - -.
English conversation ple.
, p photels , J-v d- Eo Z - pf
AM, PM (AM = Ante Meridian, PM = Post Kranthi: What's (What is) the scheme?
c *o-(monuments/ memorials) 'the' . --: The US (The
Meridian) formal
. --pF, Karuna: All the unemployed persons
The
. Hotel v United states of America - C Eo Z
con-
v- a--pF . between the age of 22 and 32 will
u Hotels The
x At the
), the UK (The United Kingdom -
versation hop -sEod l, get unemployment allowance
Centurian, at the Krishna Oberoi . F England, Scotland, Wales and Northern
Kranthi: Is it so? This has been in force in
u-o C --h C . at the Hotel Sheraton At the Sheraton
. Ireland The UAE (The
L pf u),
*a- ---Lq h p in the US and the UK
Hotel d. United Arab Emirates - -
the morning, in the evening etc . in force -
( x)
p--- ---oC. Gulf countries Dubai
F, Abudabhi,
F,
h- - v O' clock Karuna: Yes. A good number of our people
The -s. Sharja E ). ---
. O' clock = of the clock. f the are leaving for the UAE, the US
1) - E L- - ( ?/ which The India
Z , J .
omit h d O \ apostrophe (') and the UK. All because of there
- questions answer a x) o Eo Z- N->. are no employment opportunities.
. N -Eo L N: 2) x--o x--J L- N- The US, The UK N-x, Z,
10.00 AM/ PM - 10 O' clock - Ten O' Clock The President of India, Mr Abdul
v- p-f. India N- Kalam expressed concern over this
10.40 AM/ PM - Ten forty 3) , -q, -v, -v , Indian Union E u--J-*--p The brain drain in his speech the day
04.20 - four twenty x Indian Union .
before yesterday.
- 15 EN, 30 EN, 45 4) y h (mountain ranges) x Prabhat: What movie did you go to,
Kranthi: My brother too has applied for a
EN N- -. , ( y The ) Yesterday?
lecturers job in the maldives. If he
02.15 - Two fifteen/ Quarter past two 5) Before the names of groups of islands Prakash: The Ten Commandments. An Old
gets it he will go. He says getting a
(Quarter = 1/4 hour) (D - x ) but not one
job will make him as happy as if he
02.30 - Two thirty/ Half past two before the name of a single island ( Prabhat: Isnt it an episode from the Bible?
had climbed up the Himalayas.
02.45 - Two forty five/ Quarter to three The
Dy ) CBible Episode
E
I --- --- 27 -d- 2005
Deepak: Hi Dheeraj, do come in. Pavan: Who was the boy with you yester-
Dheeraj: You had a book with you yester- day?
day. What was it? Ravi: The boy with a bundle of books?
(Eo F _ h C . (h- d o?)
h C?) Pavan: Yes, he had also with him a cell
Deepak: You mean the book with the green phone. (-E (_) Cell phone
cover? C)
(Green cover o book Ravi: That's my cousin Raghu. He has
-J- F--C?) come down with his mother to spend
Dheeraj: Yes, Isn't it a novel? a few days with us.
(C novel ?) (Cl--V ---E ---
Ravali: I am busy with the exams.
Deepak: Yes, it is. (Do) you want it? x-t a) a) v-E v-y-u-Eo--
\ with ' n . Ramya: Are you studying alone, or with
(. F ?) A lC
some one else?
Dheeraj: Yes, I am leaving this afternoon for India is the largest democracy in the
Ravali: Alone.
Mumbai. I want to take it with me, world. (largest - superlative)
Ramya: Your dress is nice. Where did
to read it during the journey. b) AP
~-C Zx A lC
you buy it?
-x---
Andhra Pradesh is the biggest state in the
(---. - --uo -- Ravali: At Wear n' See. A hot pack is free
52 South India.
-- ----o-. B- with it.
c) v- u-o y-P Mt
-}----o-. v- - b) Krishna: How were the police able to
Bhaskar: Here is a mango. Very tempting. Everest. Mt Everest (Mt= mount = y)
---E) catch the thieves so quickly?
(\ N C. -J- is the highest peak (P) in the world.
Deepak: First let's have some hot idlis Karim: With the help of their sniffer
hC) Superlatives p- 'the'
-
( x A .) Here are dogs (sniffer dogs- --d-
Bhanu: Let's eat it. Cut it with this knife. . first, second, third, fourth, etc. -
they and here's the spoon to eat sniff-
\. --d-).
( u) OE ordinals 'the'
, O- .
them with Krishna: Were they able to find the stolen
Bhaskar: Let's have some forks also to eat 1) Class first mark
(N x. E A- -E
spoon). Have some ghee money with the thieves?
it with. His is the first mark in the class.
also. Ghees goes well with idlis,
doesn't it? (h u \, x-

I am with you..
u -C .) (go well
with = suit -)
j -- Preposition- 'with'
-E-. with - ' J--C.
The book with you = F o h F _-
o h; the book with the green cover =
green cover o- -h. with me = ; (Eoforks- x-- v) Karim: No. One of them escaped with 2) He is the fourth Prime Minister of India
a spoon to eat with = A- spoon. goes Bhanu: I bought these mangoes with the the hot stuff. - -- vE
well with = E L . money my uncle had given me. (hot stuff = )
-h (O o--J y o --N?, Dr
d with '- E. uncle






( *a sh o) t--- -E o vE,
'with'
instruments, tools, weapons
. with a knife, with a pen, with Manoj: Hi Mallesh, how goes life?
u--x 'o English
a gun, etc.
j . -C What is the
Mallesh: Getting on, Thanks; What's new?
ordinal of Dr Manmohan Singh as PM?
1) - v d Manoj: (Do you) know this, Chandra's
He beat the snake with a stick expression J----. -
selection as
2) v E Pen o the best
J n-yL ?)
He wrote/ noted down my address with cadet of the
y C .
-v-o: a) If I have money, I wish to buy this car. his pen. country?
Pranav: Who is that friend of yours that
was with you yesterday.
b) If I had money. I would have spent It. 3) The killer killed the girl with a gun
best
(v-
had, have gun Prakash: He was my school mate. He was
-\- n a cadet
4) Post office Naxals bomb a- one of my best friends at school.
o.- O- --u N- N- (NCC)
L-----. They blasted the post office with a bomb. We used to compete with each
.-.y-N, -N--- With : - M. SURESAN other in the exams, and we have
---: have p j- troubles
?)
F F - o- always on top at school.
Mallesh: That's the happiest news I've had
-. I am with you in your troubles. Pranav: Of you two, who was not better
She is competing with her sister in a month.
I have a Car \ better --C comparative degree.
(p) Car C. sister ( No happiest news C.)
-C. -u +er, 'r'* a adjectives F,
had --j -- Practise the following: Manoj: Some thing more for you. Ours is the
more --a adjectivesF comparative
I had a car. -p Car C. a) Ramya: Hi Ravali, -E--- first college in the state to win this
degree . Eg: Taller (tall+er),
If I had money. I would have spent it - ? kind of award.
( ? Z braver (brave+r), more beautiful (more +
sentence correct . Ravali: Exams busy o. h - -\ a-o
a) If I had money, I would spend it ---L, beautiful).
Ramya: y-\--E ---o? - College C)
-- (b) If I had had money, I would have - comparative than
y hC.
-J--- L ---o? \ 'The' -E-. The (best), He is taller than his brother.
spent it L. -- n Ravali: \-o ---o. the (happiest), the (first) etc. superla-
C. Ramya: F dress C. \-- E brother .
tive degree of the adjective - 'the'
a) n, -_ p --s, -o? Comparative than h, comparative
; , first, second, third, etc., the comparative
a -. d a d. (C Ravali: Wear n' See shop . D- -. y
present situation) C -. ordinals - L.
hot pack free. than -,comparative 'the' p
b) n _ s , Superlative degree --: :
b) Krishna: ? -- --M- hC.
Largest, greatest, richest, tallest, most beau-
a) Suman is taller than Suseel
a-d --. p _ -s - d--o?
, a d- -. tiful etc. adjective + est
-- + st
Karim: x x \ Suman
* (Q o -)
c) If he studied well, he would pass. -p- F, adjective most EF h C
d--o b) Of Suman and Suseel, Suman is the
A C. --; --- Krishna: ---, x T-L-* superlative degree. (Adjective - h-/ taller.
J-T --. -E - L ; tall boy -
( present --EN.) s d--o? a) Comparative, taller
y
d) If he had studied well, he would have
Karim: . x s boy question tall answer than Comparative
C. d 'the'

passed p---o. hC d, tall \ adjective). - b)
. , Comparative taller
y
CN - (), ANSWERS: n 'u E. than
y Comparative taller
, d,
pass (--, fail a) Ramya: Hi, Ravali, not to be seen at all Superlative degree of the adjective 'the'hC.
u). (these days)? 'the' .
I --- 29 -d- 2005
Ram: Raghu, how tall are you? Salesperson: The price has gone up by Rs.
(, y ?) 3000/-
Raghu: I am 5'9". ( 5'9") ( -
Ram: Does it mean you are taller than me J-TC. - by Rs.
by an inch? 3000/-)
(Does it mean)
( = y o Practise the following in English:
inch
?) 1.
Raghu: of course, and I weigh less than you Priya: y l--?
by 5 Kgs - Sekhar: . F x (by ).
5 Kg
(*a-. Sx Fo Priya: - Eo L-
\) Interview .
Ram: But the length of my shirt is more Sekhar: -N? 10 EN--. The Indian is not so hardworking as the
Priya: Sreekanth p-- a--\-? Sasikanth: uEo %d --E d- -
than yours by atleast 4 Cms. Japanese.
Sekhar: - . (the Indians) (the
--x N u
( shirt shirt
-F 4 Cms -B- x 2.
Priya: Eo F - late Japanese) d- E--.
--\) Pramod: > J---C ?
L- . The cheetah ( all cheetahs - is the *--L)
2. Prasad: *L (Cheetah) > .
fastest of all animals.
Santosh: x F 50 Pramod: -v%-A- v- -\- E
(*--- Eo ---o N) ---C ( v- =
-. The lotus is a lovely flower
Sunil: Meek creatures). - v-
-x--- 53
x C \ ? y C (Eo
Eo ? E). ~---?
Santosh: lC, *o--E-o 4 Kg - ANSWERS
-J C
Raghu: That's because you are fatter than -\. The camel is the ship of the desert. Sasikanth: Have you finished the assign-
me by 3 Cms Sunil: C E- 50 - \. Kuntala: Your friend Kamala has failed ment?
3 Cms
(y o --d) ANSWERS again friend
(O fail
S} Srikanth: No. I will begin it in the evening.
'by' Sasikanth: The lazy always postpone
j -- -E- . 1. C)
Karuna: She is lazy. The lazy never suc- Srikanth: Do the industrious always suc-
by
- u C C Priya: Are you older than I/ me?
ceed ceed?
y . Sekhar: Yes, atleast by 2 years. ( J. x N
Sasikanth: The industrious with a clear idea
of their goals always succeed.
2.

By nine points..
Pramod: Doesn't (Does not) the deer run
very fast?
Prasad: The cheetah is faster than the
deer.
Pramod: The meek always are harmed/
always suffer in nature. Wonder
why God doesn't protect the
a) you are taller than (I)/ me by an inch Priya: Is that why they called you earlier ). She is rich of course, so meek (Wonder = I wonder - n
for the interview? she does ----E/ -Eo --)
b) I weigh less than you by 5 kgs Sekhar: How much earlier? Just by 10 min- not care. from the ferocious.
Fo 5 Kg \ utes. (x
c) by atleast 4 cms Priya: When did Sreekanth come here? sC, -E: Comparative degree adjective
F 4 Cms \ Sekhar: Half an hour earlier than I/ me -E than y me or I? him or he? her or
d) fatter than I/ me by 3 cms = 3 Cms . (Earlier than I by half an hour) l d- she? them or they? - --C ----
Prakash: Congrats, Lakshman. That was Priya: But they called him later than you -) hC .
a marvellous game you played by just 15 minutes. Kuntala: But not all Suman is taller than me/ taller than I.
2. the rich are --x C correct? Grammatical
yesterday (Lakshman, congrats
like that.
M. SURESAN taller than I correct. modern
Santosh: They differ in their prices by Rs
Eo - ). How
50/- ( - usage v taller/ stronger/ cleverer than
many points did you win the
Sunil: Which of the two is the heavier, - ) me/ him/ her/ them/ us - a-
match by? (Eo x and by how many kgs? Karuna: That's right. Among the hardwork- C. - better. taller than I C
I know you were win-
-L-?). ing, there are many who are rich.
Santosh: The bigger one is heavier than the h vC. p .
ning and left before the end of
smaller by 4 kgs. (C E. d- E- x, C u .
the match (y -h-E L a) My friend likes the mango better than I
Sunil: It costs less than that by Rs 50/- -C E- o)
Rx--). \ : The rich, the lazy, the hard- b) My friend likes the mango better than me.

Lakshman: By nine points (9 points / working. rich (so, E--j), lazy (J \ Correct, y n-.
Anjan: Hi Arun, which is your most favourite
C-u-) -), hardworking (industrious) = d- a) n. mango d. d.
wild animal? mango
Prakash: At the half time itself you were O-Eo-F adjectives - \ d.
leading by 4 points. (Half time
(N %- F-\ d-i--C?) L -o . the b) n. d.
Arun: The tiger, of course (L) mango
p- y 4 points C-u--/ -x n hC. C x o d x E.
Anjan: Doesn't the lion look more majestic plural. Tall = -j, the tall = -x (plu- clear (a) My friend likes
-- -o) That's a C L--
than the tiger? (L-o ral); Fat = j, the fat = -x; the mango better than I do do
good lead. (* C-u) E ---Eo
\ -Eh-C ?) poor = H, the poor = H-x. extra -h.
\ /--C-u C Amar: The elephant is my favourite ( 1) -x d-x -
'by' -h-o .
favourite ). It looks grand and The tall play better than the short.
a) Lx- x lC
is not at all ferocious like the tiger or 2) E- H-x L.
She is her sister's elder/ older than her sis-
the lion. (- grand -Eh-C. The rich should help the poor.
ter by two years.
3)
-v- o:
L, - v-iC ) E- \ E-----o. H-x
b) necklace necklace Did not he play cricket?
\, 'the' . The E \ H--x---o - -u-
---\. countable singulars... lion, tiger, elephant The rich are getting richer, the poor are Interrogative negative not he
- --
This necklace is costlier than that by Rs. . The tiger, the lion, the ele- getting poorer. --*a-C. -E -Eo -s-x -vA-x, -q-
2000/- phant. 4) x j- not he -y- -h-C. -- ---.
Salesperson: What do you want, please? The tiger is my favourite The lazy never prosper --: Did he not speak the truth?
Customer: How much is this wrist the tiger Practise the following in English:
----: (a) Did not he play cricket? o,
\ A C -- -.-v--, ----y
watch? watch( K-?) Fo E. the lion, the elephant = 1.
Salesperson: It's Rs. 2000/- ( , - E. Sasikanth: Assignment Jh---? (b) Did he not play Cricket? o .
-) The dog is a faithful animal Sreekanth: . vA v-Gh. (b) \- - C. , con-
Customer: But it was Rs 1700/- last \ (Eo \) Ny-- () Sasikanth: xp h-. tracted form --p, (a) hC.
week. (- 1700 AE h -J-* p- count- Sreekanth: d- ---x- N - Didn't (Did not he) he play cricket? C
o) able singular the J--C. -? spoken english \- .
I --- 1 -d- 2005
Bhaskar: What are you looking at, Bhanu? d prepositions - ,
(Eo h-o ?) English -, . -
Bhanu: At the little boy there; He is sitting i \ -.
on the arms of the chair. He may
prepositions ---T-- J* Eo
fall down any moment.
general principles ---- -u.
( *o--xo. Ka --O Spoken English Correct - N
aE o. ~-j o --- - --.
a)
1) Pavan: I wrote a letter to my sister yes-
Bhaskar: He is in real trouble. let's go to
terday
him and put him down.
( E s-C o. ( sister Eo letter )
Ravikanth: Did you tell her about the Suneetha: Is your home the one behind the side of it (beside it/ by it/ near
_ Rx C
) book exhibition here? post office? to it) there is a book shop.
(O x Post office -?) What books do you want to

- ---i- ----!
Bhanu: That will save him from trouble. (\ h v-z J*
(E sC * --C.) p?) Supriya: No, it is by the Post office. buy at the shop?
Bhaskar: Surprising, no body to take care
of the child
( Gf v-h - Rx-
\ -- au C)
j -- - -E-. N...
at, on, of, in, to, from. --C
- prepositions .
English prepositions o vu
\. prepositions A, u
N C. preposition Pavan: Yes, I did. I wrote to her to start Karim: I want some Computer books.
- -iN Nh vu-. by the 9 AM train which arrives They are not available in our
Prepositions - -u , here at 5 PM. town.
E -li N- --. (p. NtC train -x--- 41 Kamesh: Then you get the books you
preposition, y preposition -l--Lq-C . \--C 5 want at the book stall behind
L vo - . - -C) the theatre. Near that there is
-- English %- E--x -- to my sister, about the (. \) another book stall too. You get
-p. English C-N- F N - book exhibition, by the 9 AM train, arrives there the books you want.
It is between the
here at 5 PM - expressions to, about, (b) Pranav: Where were you yesterday?
. --- y -- Post office and the
p----a. by, here prepositions Fo- sentence Pratap: At my friend Tarun's
Income Tax office
English prepositions Nh o -Eo ---o . Pranav: Where is his home?
(Post office,
vu----, - y a - sister (to my sister), h Pratap: Very near mine. Only three
Income Tax office
vu---Fo English --h. v-z J* (about the book exhibition), 9 M. SURESAN buildings are there between
Sundar: He has come from Vijayawada.
train (by the 9 AM train), 5 - u) mine and his. There is a big
( N-- * a) (at 5 PM) Fo Nh vu- j p prepositions Eo-, v-- tree in front of it.
, N-- * . h-o . C prepositions o u- *N, positions L--N- Pranav: Isn't there a bank beside his

English from Vijayawada --E i v. Sentence u o ? home?

. Practice the following aloud in English: Pratap: Yes.
C. -J? to my sister; (c) Sravanthi: My book was on the table
a) Karim: _- \-- Book shop
He will be here till 5'o clock.
E J*?: about the book exhibition; ? yesterday. Why / How is it in
(till 5'o clock = 5 ) train ?: by 9 AM train; Kamesh: OC * your bag today?
Sukumar: When will he go back to Eo- : at 5 PM. Swarna: Yes, I took it. I wanted some
C. EE - book
Vijayawada? Fo English Nh %- -, information in it.
shop C. book shop
(N--- = to Vijayawada) N x ----. h- -----o? Sravanthi: Why did you keep your bag
Sundar: He hasn't (has not) yet told me of Prepositions -u \ ? Karim: Eo computer books L. under the table?
it. 2) Ramana: These flowers are nice. Are N x ---. Swarna: Because there was no room
(of it = E J* p-) they from your garden? Kamesh: , F -Lq q cin- on the table.
( -o. O ema hall o book stall (English --E - -

vo:
--?) --. E _ s place/ space j -. Room
-E- from- garden . book stall C. \ L.
1. Discuss y About ---j ' . ' y --. Bus jp C v C.
? aC. b) Pranav: Eo y\o? There is room in the bus only for 30 passen-
Explain -- Rahul: No. They were in the basket on Pratap: friend x gers)
2. F --? the table. I took them from the Pranav: x-\? p--- position L preposition
(Eg: , x) basket. Pratap: _. Rx- Eo-E --o. \? E vo-h
DEE Tx- --- (, Table Oo d u buildings y-Lq ---E prepositions .
3. ' O NE-- o. x* Bo) v o. Rx positions L JEo prepositions:
h DEE Tx- \ -E- ? from, in, on l d C. Sukumar: Why has the train stopped?
L? prepositions -C-* Pranav: \ bank C ? (Train TC)
4. 'Just' usage E p . Pratap: . Suman: There is flood water over the
---. 3) Prathibha: Where are the flowers? c) Sravanthi: h Eo table O bridge
C. F bag (Bridge O F C)
5. ' u o s ---E - ( \ o?)
Prabha: They are in the basket. The ? The whole area on either side
*-h-o DEE Tx- pL?
basket is on the table. I bought Swarna: . B-o. of the track is under water.
>.---yx, o, K-- >x
: the flowers at the flower stall, - Lq (Bridge -j- o v--
beside my uncle's place near *aC. E-T--C= under
1. Discuss, describe, mention, explain, the Post office. Sravanthi: F bag table d-- water =Fx )
state, remark- O y about . (in the basket= d , on the table= ? Sukumar: Thank God, All the passen-
2. What is he to you?/ How is he related to table O; at the flower stall= --d ; Swarna: Table O - d gers in the train are safe
you? beside my uncle's place= --Rx (F train E v---
ANSWERS:
3. I will give you a song/ Let me sing a song \; near the Post office= Post office _) ~ o)
to you. (a) Karim: Is there a book shop anywhere Above, below, inside, outside, beyond -
-Fo- in, on, at, beside, near- v-
4. Just= p, just= only, v Eo L prepositions. - E p-- near here? N positions L prepositions. OE
5. Of late he has been hesitating to ask me E OE ? positions L Eo Kamesh: At the end of the street there O ux .
for money. prepositions l. is a medical shop. Just by the