Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 DESIGNINFORMATION 2

3.0 LOADSANDLOADEFFECTS 3

3.1 VERTICALLOADS 3

3.1.1 LIVELOADS 4

3.1.2 DEADLOADS 4

3.2 HORIZONTALLOADS 5

3.2.1 TRACTIONORBRAKINGFORCE 5

3.2.2 EARTHPRESSURES 6

3.2.3 HYDROSTATICPRESSURES 6

3.2.4 WINDFORCES 6

3.3 LOADCOMBINATIONS 6

3.4 SERVICIBILITYLIMITESTATEDESIGN 7

3.4.1 BEARINGPRESSURE 7
3.5 CRITICLEBENDINGMOMENTANDSHEARFORCEATULS&SLS 8

4.0 DESIGN 9

4.1 DESIGNOFTOPSLAB 9

4.1.1 DESIGNABOUTTRANSVERSEAXISATSUPPORT 9

4.1.2 DESIGNABOUTLONGITUDINALAXISATMIDSPAN 12

4.1.3 DESIGNFORSHEAR 13

4.2 DESIGNOFBASEBLAB 14

4.2.1 DESIGNABOUTTRANSVERSEAXISATSUPPORT 14

4.2.2 DESIGNABOUTTRANSVERSEAXISATMIDSPAN 16
 4.2.3 DESIGNABOUTLONGITUDINALAXIS 17

4.2.4 DESIGNFORSHEAR 18

4.2.5 DESIGNFORSECONDARYREINFORCMENT 18

4.2.6 DESIGNTOCONTROLTHERMALCRACKING 19

4.2.7 SESIGNFORCRACKWIDTHATSERVICEABILITYSTATE 21

4.3 DESIGNOFSIDEWALLS 25

4.3.1 DESIGNABOUTHORIZPNTALAXIS 25

4.3.2 DESIGNABOUTVERTICALAXIS 26

4.3.3 DESIGNFORSHEAR 27