-

,
-

, 2011
51:

1
1. .3
2. .3

2
1. .7
1.2. - .8
1.3. .9
1.4. .11
1.5. . 12
1.6. .13

.15

1. - . 19
2. - / . 21
 1
1.

,
,,
.
,
.

,
.
,
.

2.

Bell (1997), ,
.
, ,
, .

, , -
(. , ,
24, 2011 Hill, 2003 Pora, 2011 Nguyet,et al., 2010Pearson, 2011
, 2008) 21 ,

2 21
 (UNESCO, 1994).
,
1 (Alton,Beadman,Black,
Lorenz&McKinnon, 2005 Nova Scotia Department of Education, 2009). -

,
.
, /
,
, (, 2009) .
, (Minondo, Meyer &Xin, 2001
, 2007), (Blatchford, Webster, Bassett, Brown,Martin
&Russell, 2010 Giangreco, 2010 Shaddock, Giorcelli & Smith, 2007 Webster, Blatchford
&Russell 2010).

, , .
(Blatchford, et.al., 2010 Giangreco, 2010).

(Minondo,
et.al., 2001 , 2007),
(Giangreco & Doyle, 2007 Nova Scotia Department of Education,
2009 Pora, 2011). ,
(2009)

.

(Aird,2000 Pora, 2011 Tilley, Werts, Roark & Harris, 2003),

, ,
,

1 ,
, , ( ),

( , 113(1)/1999,.339).

3 21
 e ,
, .

, 1980,
,
1999 ( , 113(1)/1999).
,
(Angelides, Contantinou &Leigh, 2009),
.

,

,
. ,
,
(, 2007), . ,
,

(Angelides, Contantinou &Leigh, 2009).

,
(Pathak, 2008),
,
. ,
,
, .

, , ,
, 2012

2,

2 , ,,
( ,
113(1)/1999,.339).
4 21
 -
,
.

:
1. /

,
;
2.

,
;

3.
;
;

5 21
 2
3.

(Cohen, Manion &Morrison, 2007),
. ,
,
(Kvale, 1996).

, ,
, (Shank, 2002). ,
, (Bogdan& Bilken,
2002Lincoln & Guba, 1985),
(Creswell, 1998 Denzin &Lincoln, 2000 , 1998),
,
. ,

,
(Ospina, 2004).

, ,
. ,
/ (Cohen, et

6 21
al., 2007 The Health Communication Unit, 1999). ,
, , /
,
.

3.1. -

,
2011 (. ,
, 11, 2011), 455
. ,
. ,
(Cohen et.al., 2007).
, , 10
. O
, ,
(Klave, 1996 Livesey, 2010).

,

(Cohen, et. al.,2007 Pathak, 2008),
, (.
, , 11, 2011).
,
(Cohen, et al, 2007), .

,
,

. ,
, , ,

7 21
 (, 2008 Kvale, 1996 Robson, 2010)
.

3.2.

, (Mack,
Woodsong, MacQueen, Guest &Namey, 2005).
, (Cohen et. al., 2007
Mack,et.al, 2005Seidman, 2006)
,
, . , ,
(Livesey, 2010Tuckman, 1972, Cohen, et al 2007).

,
, ,
(Bryman, 2004 , 2008 Pathak, 2008).

,

(Cohen,et. al.,2007 Mack et.al., 2005).
, ,
(Bryman, 2004).

,
,
(, 2009). ,
, ,
, /
,
(, 2008).

8 21
,
(Bogdan & Bilken, 2002 Eisner,1991, ,
2008 Pathak,2008), ,
.
,
(Seidman, 2006),
.

,
,
.

(Wiersma & Jurs, 2005)
(Livesey , 2010 Pathak,2008).

, Heisenberg (Heisenberg effect)3.

,
(Bogdan & Bilken, 2002). , ,

.

,
. ,
.
,
(Bryman, 2004), .
.
.

, ,

3 Werner Karl Heisenberg (1901-

1976),
(Business Dictionary, 2012)
9 21

.
(Oppenheim, 1992) ,

. ,
(, 2008).

3.3.

,
.
.
,
,
.

(, 1986,
, 2008 Bogdan & Bilken, 2002Pathak, 2008).
,
,
(Bogdan & Bilken, 2002Pathak, 2008).

(Babbie, 1990 Bogdan&Bilken, 2002 Cohen,et.al, 2008 Kvale, 1996).
,

(Cohen & Crabtree, 2006) (Bryman, 2004),
(Bogdan &Bilken, 2002 Pathak, 2008)
. ,
,
(Bogdan&Bilken, 2002 Pathak, 2008).

10 21
 ,
/
. ,
.

, .
,
(Bryman, 2004).

,
(Kvale, 1996),

.

3.4.

.
, .
,
(Babbie, 1990 Robson, 2010).

,

. ,
,
(, 2008)
. ,
,
(Robson, 2010),
,
.

,
(Robson, 2010). ,

11 21
 ,
.
, (triangulation)
,
,
(Livesey, 2010). ,
, ,
.

3.5.

, ,
.

. ,
, .

,
/
, . ,

.
(Cohen, et al., 2007),
.

, ,
,
(,
2009).
/
. ,
. ,

12 21
 (Pathak, 2008)
,
. , ,
(, 2008), ,
.

, . ,

.
,
(Bell, 1997). ,
, ,
(, 2008).

13 21

Aird, R. (2000). The case for specialist training for learning support assistants employed in
schools for children with severe, profound and multiple learning difficulties. Support
for Learning, 15(3), 106-110.
Alborz A., Pearson D., Farrell P., Howes A. (2009). The impact of adult support staff on
pupils and mainstream schools. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit,
Institute of Education, University of London
Alton, S., Beadman, J.,Black, B., Lorenz, S., McKinnon, C. (2005). Education support pack -
mainstream schools. London, UK : Downs Syndrome Association.
Angelides, P., Constantinou, C., Leigh, J.(2009). The role of paraprofessionals in developing
inclusive education in Cyprus. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 24 (1),
75-89
Babbie, E. (1990). Survey Research Methods. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing
Company.
, . (1991), , :
.
Balshaw M., Farrell, P. (2002). Teaching Assistants: Practical Strategies for Effective
Classroom Support. London: Fulton.
Barbee, S.L. (2009). Funding for Special Education Assistants in Inclusion Classroom.
Testimony on Montgomery County Maryland Board of Education.
6, 2011, http://bit.ly/vQKtbm
Bell, J. (1997). :
.(, .). : .., Gutenberg
Bird, M., Hammersky, M., Gomm, R., Woods, P. (1999). ,
. (., .). : .
Blatchford, P., Webster, R., Bassett, P., Brown, P., Martin, C. and Russell, A. (2010, April).
The deployment of teacher aides/assistants and their impact on students' academic
progress. Paper presented at the International Conference on Interpersonal
Relationships in Education. Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.
Bogdan,R.C.,Bilken, S.K.(2002). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to
Theories and Methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon
Bryman,A. (2004). Social Research Methods 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
, . (2008). H (European
Social Survey). 4, 2012 http://bit.ly/ykWAMQ
14 21
Business Dictionary (2012). 6, 2012 http://bit.ly/yNUe65
Butler, D.D.; J.F. Laumer Jr. & M. Moore (1993). A content analysis of pedagogical and
policy information used in training graduate teaching assistants. Journal for Higher
Education Management, 9(1), 2737.
Cohen D, Crabtree B. (2006).Qualitative Research Guidelines Project..
6, 2012 http://www.qualres.org/HomeSemi-3629.html
Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2008). .(.
, ., . ). : .
Cremin, H., Thomas, G., & Vincett, K. (2003). Learning zones: An evaluation of the three
models for improving learning through teacher/teaching assistant teamwork. Support
for Learning, 18(4), 154-161.
Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Denzin N. and Lincoln Y. (Eds.) (2000). Handbook of Qualitative Research. London: Sage
Publication Inc.
Department of Education Nova Scotia (2009). Teacher Assistant Guidelines. Nova Scotia :
Province of Nova Scotia. 24, 2011,
http://studentservices.ednet.ns.ca/sites/default/files/ta-full.pdf
Eisner, W. E. (1991). The enlightened eye, qualitative inquiry and the enhancement of
educational practice. New York: Macmillan.
, .(2007). & . :
, .(2008). . :
Giangreco, M.F. (2010). Utilization of teacher assistants in inclusive schools: is it the kind of
help that helping is all about?, European Journal of Special Needs Education, 25(4),
341-345.
Giangreco, M.F., Doyle, M.B. (2007). Teacher assistants in inclusive schools. In L. Florian
(Ed.), The SAGE handbook of special education.(pp. 429-439). London: Sage
- , .. (2008).
.The Journal for Open and Distance Education and
Educational Technology, 4(1). 31, 2012
http://bit.ly/AkHSKc
(1999).
. (1999, 28). , . 113()/99, .
338-350. : .
15 21
Kvale, S. (1996). InterViews. California: Sage Publications.
Lacey, P. (2001). The role of learning support assistants in the inclusive learning of pupils
with severe and profound learning difficulties. Educational Review, 53, 157-167.
Livesey,C.(2010). Sociology Central (www.sociology.org.uk) 1995-2010.
2, 2012, http://bit.ly/AzDDQl.
Mack, N., Woodsong, C.,MacQueen, K.M., Guest, G., Namey, E. (2005). Qualitative
Research Methods: A Data Collectors Field Guide. North Carolina: Family health
International.
Minondo, S., Meyer, L., Xin, J. (2001). The roles and responsibilities of teaching assistants in
inclusive education: What's appropriate?. Journal of the Association for Persons with
Severe Handicaps, 26, 114-119.
Nguyet, D.T. & Ha, L.T., (2010). Preparing Teachers for Inclusive Education. Vietnam:
Catholic Relief Services
Oppenheim, A. (1992). Questionnaire Design, Interviewing and Attitude Measurement.
London : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
, K. (1996). . .
, ..(1993). , :
.
Pathak, R.P (2008). Methodology of Educational Research. New Delhi: Atlantic
Pearson Schools and Fe College (2011).TDA 2.4 Equality,diversity & inclusionin work with
children & young people. 6, 2011, http://pear.sn/vTLqOV
Pora, L. (2011). Supporting Students With Disabilities: Perceptions of Educational
Assistants Experiences in the School System. 30, 2011
http://bit.ly/tUCe6J
Robson, C. (2010) :
, Gutenberg, A.
Seidman,I. (2006).Interviwing as qualitative research a guide for researchers in education
and the social sciences. New York : Teachers College Press
Shaddock, A., Giorcelli,L., Smith,S. (2007). Students with disabilities in mainstream
classrooms. Australia: Commonwealth of Australia.
Shank, G. (2002). Qualitative Research. A Personal Skills Aproach. New Jersey: Merril
Prentice Hall.
Tilley, C. Y., Werts, M. G., Roark, R., Harris, S. (2003). Perception of paraeducators on job
retention. Teacher Education and Special Education, 26 (2), 118-127.
16 21
UNESCO (1994). The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action On Special Needs
Education. Adopted by the World Conference On Special Needs Education: Access and
Quality. 6, 2011, http://bit.ly/7VsoTs
Webster, R., Blatchford, P., Russell, A. (2010, September). Should teaching assistants have a
pedagogical role? Lessons following the DISS project. Paper presented at BERA
Annual Conference, University of Warwick, UK.
Wiersma, W., Jurs, S.G. (2005). Reasearch Methods in Education: An Introduction. Boston:
Pearson/Allyn and Bacon
. (2005).
/ . (.. 7.16.21,7.16.22,
. 22/12/2005).
. (2009).
/ . (.. 7.16.22, .
8/12/2009). .

1. -

17 21
 (, , )
( )
(
)
(, , )

(





)
.
1.
;
2. ;
3. /;
4. ;(
.. )
5. ;
6. ; ;
;
7.

1 :

8. , ,
.
8.1. ;
8.2. ;
(
3 . ,
)
9. ;
9.1, , ;
9.2. / ;

10. ;
;
( ......)
11. ;
;

2 :

12. ;
12.1. ;
12.2. ;
12.3. ;
12.4. , ;
12.5. , ; ;

13. ;

18 21
( )
14. ....;
( 3-4 )

3 :

15. /,
;
15.1. ; ( )
16. ;
17. -;;
18. ;
18.1. ;
19.
/ ;
20. /
;
20.1. ;
20.2. ;

2. -

/
.

, ,
, , /
.

( /
/ ).

1. , , .

19 21
2. / /

.
3. ,
/ / .
4. ,
/ / , , /
()
/ .
5. ( , , ,
, .).
6. ( ,
.) , .
7.
.
8. (-).
9. /, / / /
.
10. /, ,
.
11.
.
12. , , ,
/
/ .
13. / /
, .
14.
.
15. .
16. / /
/ /
.
17. , /,
/ / /
, / /
,
.
18. , ,

/.

20 21
 21 21