Kidney Book in Telugu

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Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

www.KidneyEducation.com
SURAKSHA KIDNEY KI
Publisher:
Samarpan Kidney foundation
Samarpan Hospital Near Lodhawad Police Station,
Bhutkhana Chowk, Rojkot 360002 (Gujarat, INDIA)
E-mail : saveyourkidney@yahoo.co.in
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All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any
form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information
storage and retrieval system without written permission of publisher. This
book is for sale in India and can not be exported without the prior
permission in writing from the publisher. In case of dispute all legal matter
to be settled under Rajkot jurisdiction only.
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FOR MOOTRAPINDALA RAKSHANA
Publisher:
Samarpan Kidney foundation
Samarpan Hospital Near Lodhawad Police Station,
Bhutkhana Chowk, Rojkot 360002 (Gujarat, INDIA)
E-mail : saveyourkidney@yahoo.co.in
(C) =~} H_ O_+<

All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any
form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information
storage and retrieval system without written permission of publisher. This
book is for sale in India and can not be exported without the prior
permission in writing from the publisher. In case of dispute all legal matter
to be settled under Rajkot jurisdiction only.
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sH nx= H_ H PH~=, x~}=, H_ H #=,
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J`=~" # q+ `~. =Y=Q HxH H_ ~ ~
~Q <Q ~ O_ H_ Oz`" =_=Q Hx~.
H_ H ZH~ UU sH =YOQ H_ ~ LK~=
H~ K |_Òk.
WO\g# Q :
D sH ~yH XH =Y"# J_< Hey# =O^ (~_
H< ^~= ) W<H < ^~ W~ . W<H < Wz# Hk ==
`~ "` H_ H ZH~ u|_#. H_ D =O^ H_
H_ H <Q sH H_ ~Q "^ =_= H#

O\k.
11
^~ "` =` =~= ^~ =` =H " _=
Hx O k.
S.q.. H_ xK H QiOz, =` =~= H
x~}= QiOz =Y q+ `Òk. D sH =YOQ
H_ ~, =`=~= J=~^, QO\ (gxOQ) O\
"^ zH` L Q_ Òk. H_ J\H _~~
` =Q x K O ^# O^~ = D sH L Q_ ^ .
~ _ H< WO*H< _~~# H_ H =iO`
xHQ=K. JO^K` H_ ~ ~ ~Q D sH = x
HQ=K.
=iHx ~_lH sH :
HO` =Ok ~Q zH` H~ H_ _~ , qH ~ \OQ, <Q",
~ _ #H ~ _ , ~ < OlQ \ <, O\Q _
=i ~ \Q_ Q =O\ q+" # sH K |_Ò\~.
4. =iHx q+ sH :
H_ H |, >e (^ ~"x)` =`=~= H
sH =i
~_# qH =O\ q+" # sH H_ ~Q zH` ZO`
J=~=.
=` sH J<k =` O_ ~Q x~#} JÒ`

=~= O`" # sHQ =O@Ok.
12
H_ H|
H_ | ~yH =` W=O_< XH k O` <
O_ [i XH q^" # sH.
H_ | JO> Uq\ ?
H_ H J<H ~H" # ~Q =H~} `H=\xH
k O` H_ #Oz XH #\ ^~= O\ =Hx f ^x
H q+" # `lH sH [~`~. D sH< H_
| JO\~.
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=O\ H_ ~Q qye# sH Jh [i#\H zH` iQ
^~# _ J@O\ ~Q H_ | K =# J=~=
HQÒk.
H_ | sH = = Uq\ ?
sH ^~ H_ ~Q ~QxH x"# H~} `x "iH
~ # LK~= K QQ`=. sH = Z@=O\ zH`
K =<, J@=O\ zH` U =`= L Q_ Òk,
q +` H_ _=_xH ZO` =~ P~= L#k, WO\
q+" # =^< a~.
H_ | U q^"# sH ?
H_ | sH K _xH ~yx Pu J_\ K e.
D sH ~H` = Q K _xH ~H @ =#=Q LO_
KH"e.
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i sH J=~O .
13
~Hx K|iK < =O\ =O^ | sH ~ O_
"~ =O^Q< fH=_= P" e.
D sH ~yH =` W=O_< K QQ`~. Hh z#
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| sH K # _ ~yx ~ _ H\ @ HO^
`Q_ LOK`~.
| K _xH <Q =` @ (g) XH
xt` #=# H OnHi~ . @ HO^ QO _ HO^
Z=H ^Q~ | H~ J#"# = LO@Ok.
W ZOK# ^ = # =O^` = K =` WO*H<
Wz P s~ Qx < O_ K~ .
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sHH `l ^Q~ O`~.
| K# =@ ~y =OK= g^ qOu fH=#.
=#=Q ~yx ~ O_= ~A WO\H " \xH J#=u
W=|_Òk.
H_ | K# =@ ~yH 2,4 "~ @ =` _#
# Ug K \xH ^~^ . =Y=Q |~"# ==
Z`\ xH J#=u W=|_^ .
Qix ZH~ =i S.q.. sH K _^ .

14
5. H_ ~Q=
H_ ~Q=# =Y=Q ~O_ QQ qlOK=K# :
"_H ~Q= (=O^` #= K ~Q=)
: W@=O\ ~Q= zH` <l =O^ (B+^= )
^~ K < ~. H_ ~ ~` ^ _ ` QOc~" #
J= L# ~Q _ =i H_ \<<+ <
(H_ =i_) _ J=~= =Òk.
iH ~Q= (P~+< ^~ #=K) : W@=O\
~Q= zH` ~l K~ . =#"# P~ +#,
>e` ZO_ H [~` H_ ~# Q Q@@
=O\ LK~#, e`\ =O\ zH` LO\~.
<l =i ~l =^ ^= Uq\ ?
H_ xf~ QiOz q+ *#= Hey# r + <#
<l Jx JO\~. <l =O^ ^~, _
^~ ~Hx ~ ~ . H_ x~}= QiOz *#=#
~ < x ~l Jx JO\~. ~l P~ +< ^~
>e L yOz P~ +< K H_ ~Q= zH` K~ .
Z\ H_ ~ ~ ~Q= ~ O_ H_ ~`Q
_~`~. Hh zH` `~ "` iQ #==`~.
15
H_ ~ ~
H_ ~ ~ JO> ~ O_ H_ x K H `Q ^ # =
HxOK_= . ~H= H \< =i i ~Q_ = H_
~ ~ H OH `=.
H_ ~~ ~O_ ~HQ LO@Ok.
1. Z\ H_ ~~ 2. HxH H_ ~~
Z\ H_ ~~
Z\ H_ ~ ~ H=|^= Q x K # H_ ~`Q
` = == _~`~. Z\ H_ ~ ~
Oq OK_xH =Y H~} "# J=@=, =i,
~H @ JH`Q ` = J~=_= O\ i` . ~ #
=O^ W=_= ^~, J=~= J~` _ K _=
^~ uiy ~ O_ H_ "^\ = x K _= [~QÒk.
HxH H_ ~~
HxH H_ ~ ~ (HxH H_ _ - H _) ~ O_ H_ "
"Q n~H = Hx O \~. Jq uiy i H=. s~=
" ~=_=, PHe ` =Q LO__= , "O` J=Ò_@=,
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~H @ Z=Q LO_@= W@=O\q D ~QxH =Y H} .
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i}== Z= J=Òk.
D ~Q= H ^q H zH` =O^ ^~, P~=
HxH H_ ~ ~ ~ O_ H_ "" Q uiy
#==\xH g O_ Jq _~`~.
16
q+ = fH=# *Q` ^~# P^~_ =O@Ok. D
zH` H =Y L^ = H_ Z= _=O_ =O^ ^~
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P~Q=O`=Q LOK@=.
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10 qbQ= =~ iy#_, =O^ f#\H, P~
x== \Oz#\H ~y H iu "~Q HxOK^ .
W@=O\ iu ~ O_ =~ LO\~. _ (~H=
H _ H @ H _ ) =i H_ =i_
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Z=Q L#_, W@=O\ J#=~ H$u= ~= |@
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D û _ "_ J< q+< =`
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s~x P~Q=O`=Q LOK_xH ~yH "~xH ~ O_ H =_
~ "_ K~OK< J=~= LO@Ok
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H_ Z= _~~# g^@ H_ xx H$u==Q
K q^<x _ Jx JO\~.
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LO@Ok. 4 QO@ ==k D H~= i J=Òk.
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H _ K~OK< ~Q OY HO> Z=Q L#k.
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D _ û ~y J`x Q$=< q+<
L yOK O_ _ K H QQ`_. Z_ XH
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(H`@~) =#"# P~ +< ^~ @ LOK`~. D
Q@= ^~ XH ` H ^"x (_ W _) O~ .
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Y~, H_ W<H < OHqOK J=HO LO@Ok. Z_ D
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H =Y H} .
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D H_ "k W`~ = "i HO> < Z=Q
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#@=O\) =^= LOk.
i#s W<H < H JOi sH , JOi zH`

= H_ iQ _ J=H= LOk, Jq uiy
#==_xH _ P~= LO_^ .
19
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D "k H_ , =`"x =i =` = LO_ ~Q=.
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O \ < JO\~.
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sH. z# z# ~ Z=Q h~ `Q_= = ^~}OQ
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20
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K = =O k.
^ = Q ~+ =`q~# O|OkOz#
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21
6. H_ ~Q= QiOz J,
"\ H x*
J : Jx H_ ~Q= Ju =^H~ " # "^ .
x[= : H^. Jx H_ ~Q= =^H~ = H=.
i J~# zH` , LK~=` K =~ H_
~Q= #==`~.
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_=Òk.
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Z=~< ~yH XH H_ iQ _~~#\H
P ~yH Z@=O\ H+= HQ^ . ~H=
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x^~ }x è* O k.
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s~= " =O k. L^~}H <\H
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J : H_ ~QOî# s~= " H#_ Òk.
22
x[= : H^. HO` =Ok ~Q H_ Y~| J=_=`
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fH=# J=~= ^ .
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23
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K O k.
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JQ HxH H_ ~ ~ JOu= ^ ~yx
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24
Zx~ _ K =# J=~=
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LO@Ok.
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XHiHH~ H_ W=~ .
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J : H_ W=_= = P~Q= g^, ~uH (H
H_) # == LO@Ok.
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Z=Q LO@Ok.
J : H_ XH ~+ =`" LO@Ok. ~ O_ H
=^ Oz =O@Ok.
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PH~= XH Q LO@Ok. Wq @ "#H
Q= "< =H H Q ~ O_ " LO\~.
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JOQx #= (> ) Jx JO\~. Wk
O`<ùH XH =` ~ JOQ=.
J : < ~H _# O =#=Q LOk, JO^K` =O^
25
fH=# J=~= ^ . < U q^" # H+=
^ , =O^ fH=# J=~= Uq\ ?
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^ LO>, HO` =Ok ~Q ~H _< xH
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26
7. H_ x ~HO K< L=
K =~ H_ ~Q K =^H~ " # q "\x ~ #
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JOu= K~# = K LK~=, _ , H_ \<< K
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LO__= .
27
2. @O|= _\ H JkH ~H _#= =O\ "^
LO> "\ QiOz `H=# =K~=.
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~O~ OQ =K "^ . D "^ @O|= LO>,
@O|=x 20 O=`~ = | _#
f =HH u O=`~= sH K~OKHx D ~Q=
"iH LO^ ^ `H"e.
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H_ ~QxH Q~#_ fH=# *Q`
1. H_ ~Q= QiOz LO_=# *#=, ~OaH zH`.
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~OaH ^ zH` , ~Qx JiH@_ = , ~Qx P_= ,
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28
2. _\ ~Q fH=# =Y"# *Q`.
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LO@Ok. J@=O\ ~yH H_ sH x=|Ô Q K~OK=#
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H_ L# "~, "i rq`x =#OQ Q_ `~. "iH XH H_
L# OQu JkH Ò J~^# sH K Hh è^.
XH H_ LO_\xH Q H~} UO\ ?
XH H_ LO_\xH D q^"# H~} :
1. HOîH @H` XH H_ LO__O .
2. P~ +< H~}OQ HOîH XH H_ f|_Òk, H_
f_xH Q =Y H~} H_ ~ LO_@O, p=
LO_@O ^ K HOQ =Ò _ =~ J_O
L# H_ x K _O P" ~ ^ H_ H<~ H
H} H#_# _.
3 H_ =i_ K# =H H_ XH x K O k.
@H` XH H_ LO_ "i Ò ZO` LO@Ok ?
@H` > XH H_ L# "i OM H< ~+
JkHO Q LO@Ok. D J=HO ^^Q 750 = XHiH
LO@Ok ,
XH H_ L# =H J#k# r=#q^#O Hh =#
rqÒ Q_ @ ZO\ H+O LO_^
107
XH H_ L# =Hx ZO^ Hx@Hx LO_e ?
=#OQ XH H_ L# =HH ZO\ H+O HQ^ Hh D
=H x # x ( ~ ) O\ "#O ` ~ . ~yH
XH H_ LO_@= =# Jk H K_ ` s~O =Ò _
H x PyÒk. XH " D H_ =xH xK H `
s~O nx =O qsÒQ LO@Ok. XHi }x H
#+O HQK, WO\ =HH _ J=~O HQ=K#.
XH H_ L# =H H Jk K_ iu Z_ =Ok ?
1 XH H_ H =`=~= ~ ^~ P@OHO HQ_O
2 XH " H_ Q= P~ +< K@_ H_ #Oz
=`= ^~= XH î (=`"x) x
=iz~ =" ~.
3 , HOQ, H~> , \ , H, O\ P@ J_`#_
H_ QO H=K# .
XH H_ L# = ZO\ *Q` fH"e ?
1. =Oz h\x K Z=Q `Qe
2. H_ H QO J H_ #=^
3. =`= @_ ZO\ W|Ok L# "O@< i #
"^ xK zH` K~OKe .
4. _H~ H x^ U =` "_=^
5. O=`~xH XHi J~# _H~ =^ "o `= H
~H @# sH K~OKe, WOH _H~ "~ ~H sH,
=`s H WOH H_ <Q K~OKe.
ZO\ ~H" # zH` Hh ^ P~ +< Hh K = =
g XH H_ L# q+ O _H~ H è.
@H` < K =Ok =#+
XH H_ =`" LO@Ok.
108
18. H_ =i JkH ~H @
^~}OQ ~H @ 130/80 Q LO@Ok. Z_` ~H @ 140/
90 H< Z= J=Ò^ ^xx JkH ~H @ ( |_ +~ )Jx
JO\~
JkH ~H@ Q H~} =i zH` P=H` :
JkH ~H @ ( |_ +~ ) 35O=`~ |_# = Q
"i Z=Q H#|_Òk WO\ JkH ~H @ Z= Ò
=O~~ O Q ~=K# ,
nxx ^q H (Primary) ^ Zx ~H @ (essential hyper-
tension) Jx _ JO\~ .
JkH ~H @ i# _# ~Q #O_ 10 Ò =Ok Z<
~Q k` LO\~ , nxx HO_s ~ >#< (sec-
ondary hypertension) JO\~
JkH ~H @ i# _# "iH ~ # =xH z H`
K# @~`, QO_, "^_ , H_ O\ x`" #
J=" ZO\ #+O HQ O^ H_=K#.
ZO\ "^ H~}OQ ~H@ JkHO J=Òk? ^xHQ
H~} Uq\ ?
JkH ~H @ i# _# "~ 10 Ò =OkH U^ XH "k
H~}O J=Òk, "\ QiOz# =K~O HO^ W=|_#k. g\
H~} JxO\ HO> 90 Ò =Ok ~Q H_ "k
JkHO .
1 H_ H "k
z# = JkH ~H @ LO__= H_ "k =K

K# H=K#
109
2. H_ xH ~H#x K~" =Y "# ^= x H OH~`
(~< J~i < )
3. H_ L# J_e< J# QOk (Pheochromocytoma)
4. s~= HO^ Q= ~Hx ~"} K =Y <_
H ^~O kOK =@ (Shrinking) =# (Coractation
of Aorta)
5. ~ ~_ O\ =O^ H ^+==.
ZO\ H_ "^ JkH ~H@ ~=_xH P~O H^ ?
JkH ~H @ ~=_xH Z\ Q" ~ <~ \
(Glomerullo Nepritis), HxH Q" ~ <~ \ , =i @H
#O_ =`=~ "H ~ @iH H iH (vesico ureteric )
"^Q "^ H~}.
= L# "iH H_ "k JkH ~H @
~=_xH Q H~} _ \ . nx =# H_ _ \ H
<u, =i HxH Q" ~ <~ \ eH H_ _ ,
H_ xH ~Hx ~"} K =Y <_ H ^~O `Q @ WOH
"^Q H~}.
ZO\ iu JkH ~H @ H_ H~}O J=` Ok?
JkH ~H @ H_ H~}O J=_xH D HO^q H~} :
30 O=`~ "iH JkH ~H @ ~=_=
JkH ~H @ x~~}
== ~HO H @ Z=Q
LO__O JO> 200 /120 .
~H @ JkH= Q LO__= =i =O^ "_<
xO`} HH =@O.
~H @ H~}OQ HO\ ~ # =O =# HO\
K W|Ok HQ_O .
110
~H @` @ L^ # =Y= "
HQ_= ,|#OQ J#OK_O , [< ~z iQ
èH =_O "^Q H_ "k H H}

JkH ~H @ L# =H H_ "kx Z x~~} Ke ?
^~}OQ =` sH ^~, ~H= H \x< H
sH ^~ WOH L^~O (Abdomen) H ZH =i H_
<Q ^~ H_ "^ x~~}
H=K#. D sH `~ "`
WO\"# Q, H~ _~ H _ =i i<
OlXQ WOH =Y"# sH ^~ x~~} K |_Òk
=i ~HO JkHO Q Xu_ LO__xH Q H~} D H
sH ^~ H#H=_O [~QÒk `~" ` nxH `Q zH`
K |_Òk.
JkH ~H@ L#" H_ "k H x~~} ZO^
J=~#O?.
JkH ~H @ H_ "kH H~}O J=Òk. JO^H "k
x~~}
K =Y "# k =i ^x H = HO^
zOK|_#q :
1. H_ "k x~~} =i zH` ^~ #O H=K#.
2. H_ "k H iu x ^$+ LOKHx zH` Q
H~O Q =i qÒQ K K#.
3. =K H_ " H~}OQ (acute glomerulonephri-
tis) K `~Q =i ` = =xH ~HO Xu_ U~_
"^_ qs`" # == U~_ \ (Convulsion)
~=K =i ~y $ H=K. JO^K`< ~H @
^ ~HO Xu_ ~QQ < J=~" # x~~}
K zH`
K# K D = #Oz ~HO K=K.
4. JkH ~H @ HxH H_ ~ ~ O\ QOc~ "# "k
H H} "_\ XH LO_K#. HxH H_
111
~ ~ JkH ~H @ ` O_ xO`} \
WOH W`~ zH` ^~ H_ H [iQ #+O x"iOK=K.
WOH HxH H_ ~ ~ H u _ H
J=~= LO@Ok. ^xx n~H O H~ ~^ K K#.
zH`:
H_ "k H~}OQ =K ~H @ H zH` ~y H
H_ ~HO P^~_ LOk. =Y =Q: =< H_ Z\
Q"~ <~\ (Glomerullo Nepritis) "k L#_ [#
== ^=^~ =i L ` =Q LO_e =i
=`= OK =O^, ~HO Xu_ `yO K =O^
fH=_= ^~ ~HO Xu_ " "Q `y =# u H
=O k WOH ^x `~ =` zH` K J=~O LO_^ .
Z _ LO_ JkH ~H @ H zH`
HxH H_ "O
D "k H~}O K` HeQ JkH ~H @#
xOuOK_xH [# ^~ L g# O` ` =Q
fH"e. s~ "# ^$+ @Hx `Qh~ _H~ K
zOK|_# "~ ` = "`^ fH"e =i
~H @# `yO K _H~ K zOK|_# =O^# fH"e. D
~HO Q ~y JkH ~H @# xOuOK_= ` @ H_ H J
#x x"iOK=K .
i# P~s < (Renal Artery Stenosis)
H_ xH ~HO K~ ^=x kOK~ #_ ~HO Xu_
JkH= Q L#_ "O@< zH` ^~ D Xu_x `=Q
^~} ~H f~=K#. D XH zH` q^#= HO^ "
|_#k.
112
1. s# Ol (Renal AngioPlasty):
D zH` q^#O P~ +< K O_ H^ @~ ( #\
) ^~ ^=x # |_# Q= H^ @~ L# |_Q
=` "HzOK@@ K |_#. JkH Ò ~Q ^=x
#_ Q= H^ @~ "HzOK@@ K `~ "` =~ Jk
#|_ O_ LO_O^ ^=x O \ J=~|_#.
HxH H_ " O JkH ~H @# iQ xOuOK_O
H_ ~H} J=~O
2. P~+< ^~ zH` (Auto transplant):
D zH` ^=x #_ Q=# =i"~ ^
~y H H_ x "~ ~H< _` H`~.
H_ "k H~}OQ =K ~H @# ~Q ~ # zH`

^~ iQ #O K H=K#
113
19. =`= ~O H JO@ "k
(Urinary Tract Infection)
H_ , =`"x, =` O, =i =`<oH
H H~H =`=~= Q U~_`~ g\ H; r=
=# HeQ JO@ "kx (Urinary Tract Infection-UTI ) JO\~
=`= ~= JO@ "k H} Z LO\~ ?
=`=~ "~ "~ Q OH=} H == H
H}
qq^= Q LO\~. D H H} OH=} H
i=}=# |\ ` = ^ Z= i=}= H#|_=K#.
~Q JkH Ò H#|_ H} :
=Ò == zH ^ < HQ_O .
=`= J<H ~ ~=_= =i KH KHQ
~=_=.
[~= ~=_=.
=` JO@ "k H H} :
H_ HO^\ Q= (e) < LO_@ .
Z~ ~OQ =`= =K@ .
H_ H JO@ "k H}:
Ke` _# [~= =K@
#_= < ~=_= |#OQ JxOK_=
=Ò == zH ^ `~K Q ~=_=

=`=~= JO@ "k H}
114
XH " i # zH` K O> WO\ OH=}
}O`H= _ H=K.
=`=~= `~KQ JO@ "k ~=_xH Q H~}
Uq\ ?
=`=~= `~K Q OH=} ~=_= =i i # zH`
K# `~ "` _ ~H= =_xH J<H H~} HO^
"|_#q :
1 = =`<oH z#kQ LO_@= =#
=` = OH=} `~Q [~Q=K#.
2 _ \ ~H= =i =`= QH * H
i=}O Z=Q LO_@= =#
3 ^ = L# ~+ \ QOk ~Q_ = ^~
=i ^ = L# J<H =Ok =
=`<oH z#kQ J~#_ =` q~# ==
W|OkH~O Q LO@Ok =i =` = sQ Mm
J=^.
4 =`=~= ~ U~_@.
5 =`=~= P@OH=: =`<oH z#kQ
J~#_ (Stricture Urethra) ^ H_ =i
=`"x H =^ Q= z#kQ J~#C_ (Pelvi
Ureteric Junction)
6 W`~ H~}: =` = =#OQ x K
`` = = =# (Neurogenic Bladder) @H `<
=`=~= #+O HQ_= ^~ =`=
=` = #O_ =`"x "#H =_=
=`=~= J_O H =# =`= J<H ~ JO@
"k ~=_xH =Y H~}=
115
(Vesico Uretric Reflux), =`=~= H (T.B)
"k == =# Hx W`~ "^ == Qx
H~} H=K.
=`=~= `~KQ OH=} =# H_H ZO\ #+O
HQÒk ?
^~}OQ: z#<\ `~" ` =`=~= `~K Q HeQ JO@
"k =# H_ H ZO\ #+O HQ^ . Hh =`=~= ~,
J_O ^ H
"k WOH W`~ LxH =# =`=~=
JO@ "k` H_ H #+= HeQ J=H= H^ .
=K =`=~= H W<H < ~ #
=xH zH` K H` H_ H uiy HHx su #+O
HQK#,. JO^K`< =`=~= H W<H < = W`~
= HO> JkHO Q LO@Ok .
=`=~= W<H< H x~~} :
=`= # " H ` K |_ sH p= H} (Pus
Cells) Hey LO> =`=~= W<H < H K#Q
x~iOK=K#..
=`= H H~ =i x\q\ (Urine Culture &
Sensitivity) H sH :
=`= H H~ =i x\q\ (Urine Culture &

Sensitivity) sH ^~ W<H < H~}"# Hi ~HO
=i ^x zH` =~= O`" # =O^ Qi# =K~=
è* |_#
=`=~= JO@ "k H~ =~= O`" # zH`

K _xH =`= H H~ sH K =Y"# k
116
W`~ sH :
~HO H sH H#Q# ` H} H JkH "`^# |\
JO@ "k H =O H#H=K#.
=`=~= `~KQ HQ JO@ "k H~} H x~~} U
H~=Q J=Òk
=`= `~K Q p= HQ_= =i OH=} H zH`
== H =_= =O\ H~} D HO^ qÔ Q sH
K |_Òk.
1. H_ Q= H ZH =i <Q
2. WO\ g# Q (IVP)
3. "~\OQ ~ `~QO (MCU)
4. =`= \.a. H Hi x~~} (Urinary AFB)
5. ~l (Urologist) ^~ ` H" # "# î< O\
iH~= ` =`<oH =i =` O
Q= sH K @ ^~ (Cystoscopy)
6. OO kOz# "^ ~ (Gynaecologist) ^~ sH
q^#=
=`=~=x W<H< H zH` :
1. h~ JkH=Q fH"e :
JO@ "k LO> ~Q h~ JkH "`^ fH=x
_H~ W~ .
H_ OH=} H~}OQ HOîH JkH= Q "O`
J=`~. JO\"ix PuK~ Hx QH * ZHOK J=~=
=O@Ok.
=`=~= W<H < LO> h~ JkH= Q fH"e
117
2. =O^ ^~ zH`
=` = W<H < J= L# ~yH =#OQ
H>" H *,i< ^ H<< Q KOk# =O^
^~ zH` K |_Òk. D =O^ =#OQ U_ ~A
zOK|_Òk .
H_ H W<H < Kf=OQ L# ~y J\
<\ (Acute Phylonephritis) LO@Ok . WO\ ~yH
"^\ WO[H< ^~ O\|\H W=|_Òk. ^~}OQ
i<, H<<, Zq< Q H _ , =O H WO[H<
W~ . =`= H x\q\ H x"kH =` JkH
== Q =O^ ^ WO[H# Hh x~~ ~ . P~Q=
iQ L# _ 14 ~A D zH` H#y~ .
zH` K# `~ "` =`s H ^~ zH` O`
[#H~O Q L#k J# q+ x `H=K#. zH`
H =O^ "_# `~ "` =`= p= H ` W<H <
xO`} H#_ Òk
=`=~= W<H < H Q_xH Q H~} =i
"\ H zH` J=~" # sH =` XH "
=`=~= W<H < `~K Q =O > D iu U H~}O K`
=O ^ `H=_xH =i zH` H e Ò H `
J=~" # sH =` =i sH H x"kH# ^$+
LOKHx =O^ J=~" # =~ K ^ HO^~ ~QH
P~ +< K |_Òk.
=`=~= H"k (T.B )
=`=~ x H "k (T.B ) s~O < qq^ JOQ #
== KÒk =i H_ # == 4 #O_ 8 Ò
=`=~= H W<H < zH` = H"O> `~K Q
W<H < ~=_xH Q H~} `H=_O J=~=
118
LO@Ok. =`=~= J<H ~ W<H < HQ_xH
=`=~= H
"k XH H~}=. .
=`=~= H H H} :
D "k =#OQ 25 #O_ 40 O=`~ =
=i = e ~+ JkH= Q H#|_Òk
20 #O_ 30 Ò ~Q D H "k H} H#|_=.
Hh "~ = sH K # _ JH`Q D H "k
H}
H#|_`~.
=`=~= H W<H < zH` = H"O>
`~K Q W<H < ~=_xH Q H~} `H=_O
J=~=
=`= =O@Q LO_@= `~K Q =`= ~=_=
=i =#"# zH` ^~ #OHH =_=
=`= Z~Q ~=_=
10 #O_ 20 Ò ~Q OH= [~= ~=_=,
J@ JxOK_O , |~= `Q_ O , PHe HQH =_= WOH
`k`~ H~} H H H} H#|_`~
=`=~= H H f="# == K`
JkH= Q OH=} HQ_O , ~ LO_@=, ~HO Xu_
~Q_ = =i =`=~= J_O H H~} =Q H_
" ~=_=` H_ K_ =_= O\ =
HQ=K#..
=`=~= `~K Q W<H <

HQ_= H
H H~}O J=Òk
119
=`= ~= H x~~}
1. =` sH :
Wk K =Y"# sH J=Òk. =`= p= ^
~H H} D ~ O_ H#|_@ =i =`= _H Q
LO_@ .
xi+ q^#= Yz`" # =` sH (Urinary AFB)
K _= ^~ =`= H H Hi P#"
`H=K# .
=` H~ sH ZO\ Hi H#|_H =_=
(Negative Urine Culture)
2.<Q :
~OO D H sH Z@=O\ x~~} K =. XH"
`~K Q H JkH ==` H_ " L# H ^x
i=}O `y# @Q H#|_Òk.
3. S .q . (I.V.P)
D sH K L QH~ = ZO^HO> H H~}OQ
=`"x i=}= `y LO_ H_ PH~= =~ Hey
(" ^ i=}= HQ@) =i =` = H
i=}= `y LO__= O\ W|O^ Q=xOK=K .
4. W`~ sH
K=Ok ~Q =`<oH =i =` =# î<
(Cystoscopy) ^ | O\ iH~=
^~ sH K
H~" # x~~}
Q LO@Ok.
120
=`= ~= H
H zH` :
1.=O^
=`=~= x Tiu` H
L yOK =O^
"_`~. ~ ^~}OQ "^@ <Q ~H =O^ =i
^x `~ "` =_ ~H =O^ W=|_`~.
2. W`~ zH` q^<

=`=~ H H~}OQ =`=~= J_O H H#_` nx
zH` î< ^ P~ +< ^~ K |_Òk. XH" ~y H_
O~O Q K_ ` JO\ H_ x P~ +< K `y~ .
=O^ f# `~` _ ~H @ Z=Q =#K

H_ sH K = =O@Ok.
121
20 < "k
< "k J<H =Ok ~Q H#|_ XH =Y"# H_
"k. H# H~}OQ Wk i OKx "k. =`= W<H <
=# H_ H #+O HQK. H=# < "k QiOz =i ^xx
x"iOK_= K J=~= .
< JO> Uq\ ?
=`= He+O PH\ (Calicium Oxylate) .^
W`~ \H(Crystals) XH ^x` XH\ H~H` HO`
== `~" ` <=kQ =`=~= Hi# "# ~~Q
` ~=_= "^=Òk nxx< < Jx JO\~.
< ZO` ^kQ LO@Ok? K__xH Z LO@Ok? Wk
=`=~= ZH_ K_=K?
=`=~= LO_ < q_q_Q _=Q =i
qa# PH~ LO@Ok. Wk WH \H= z#kQ ^ |Ou
= ^k Q LO_K. Hx < Q_OQ ^ Q_ PH~=
|@#Oz ##Q LO\~. WO\ < #O_ < ` =Q
LO@Ok =i Jq ^~}OQ, [OQ ~O =`=
^~ |\H =K~ .
Hx < ~ LO\~. g\ ^~ K < HQÒk
=i ^~}OQ Wq =`= ^~ |@H ~= . <
=Y =Q =`"x, =i =` = H#|_Òk .
H_ |iOKx < H =Y H~}=

=`=~= ~
122
HO^~ = < qq^ ~= ZO^ H#_`~?
< HQ_xH Q =Y H~}= Uq\ ?
K =Ok =`= LO_ Hx ` H ~xH ^~= H~
H} W`~ H~H# HQ O_ K~ WO^ ==Q <
` ~==.
Hh K =Ok HO^ "# H~} H~= <
` ~H=_xH J=H= H^
1. h~ ` =Q f< J"@ L#"iH
2. =O~O~O Q < Hey L# Ki`
3. =`=~= W<H < J<H ~ HQ_O
4 =`=~= J_O H HQ_= .
5. q@q< ^ He+O =O^ JkHO Q qOK_O
6. K== =~ J` Q LO__=
7. ~ ~ ` ~ _ O H ^ L#"~
< H H}
=#OQ < "k 30 #O_ 40 O=`~ = L#
"iH =i =` e ~+ 3 #Oz 4 ~ @
JkH= Q H#|_Òk
K~ < H x~~} PH HOQ Hx O k, D
~Q H# L#@ ZO\ H} H#|_=. nxx O \
< Jx JO\~
H_ =i g x~O`~O Q < HQÒk
"O` qH~O ~=_=
=`= =O@ HQ_=
123
=`= `~K Q W<H < ~=_=
~`Q =`= Py=_=
H# < H H}
< =# HQ <, < H #=, PH~=, ~H=
WOH _= "_ P^~_ LO@Ok.
H_ < =i =`= Z~Q H#|__xH =Y
H~}= <
< = < JH`Q "^=Òk D < =#
k#= qsÒQ JO> i OK# O`Q Jx J~=
H_ < < g #O_ "^ H\ ( e) " Q =O k.
=` = H < < H\ ( e) =i =`
=~= LO@Ok
WO\ < uiQ@_ H< Z` `Q î
"#=# xOK@_ [@ `ye#_
JkH= =Òk
D < ^~}OQ QO@ `~| _ LO@Ok `~ "` "
"Q ^xO`@ J^ `y Òk
D < JkH= Q LO_@= =# `~K Q ~y _H~
=^ " = =O k =i < `yO K_xH =O^
^ WO[H< f< J=~= HQ=K.
< H~}OQ H_ K_ `?
J=#. K=Ok ~Q < QO_OQ Q_ PH~=
##Q LO\~. WO\ < Hey L# ~Q ZO\
< x < H~}OQ H_ K_ =^=
JkH= Q LO@Ok.
124
H}
H#|_=. J~` WO\ < =`=~=
P@OH= HyOK=K. Z JO> H_ ` ~
=`= H ~ ` # |\ =`=~= "t OK^ .
D H~}OQ H_ "# Qi J=Òk.
XH" D ~# =xH ~ # zH` K H` K
H= =~ "z L# H_ " "Q |#OQ J=Òk
=i iQ xK _= PyÒk. WO\
== H_ K_ ~#, XH" < f" # _ H_
xK K# K ` = .
=`=~= ~ H x~~} :
< x~~} =Y =Q =`=~= H <Q
=i H_ ZH ^~ [~QÒk
S.q..(WO\ "# Q) ^~ x~~}
: ^~}OQ D
sH P~ +< ^ î# ^~ KH` =O^
K |_Òk.
D sH ^~ < H _= "_ , ^x #O O\
q=~ =i H_ x`` = Z LOk, H_ " ZO`
LOk =O\ D q=~ _ HiOK|_Òk
=`= =i ~H sH ^~ =`= L# W<H <
^x f=` =i H_
x`#=# O|Okz# q=~ JO^`~.
=`~ = ~= x < zH`
< QiOz ZO\ zH` K _= J=~" Jk < H
"_ . _=,#= =i ^x =# HeQ = =i
=Ô# ^$+ LOKHx x~~ OK|_Òk.
< x~~} H~ <Q =i
ZH ~ =Y "# sH
125
D zH` q^<x ~O_ QQ qlOK=K .
=O^ ^~ zH` (Conservative Medical Treatment)
=`=~= < f" ^~} zH` (P~ +<, î<,
e`\ )
=O^ ^~zH`
^^ 50 Ò ~Q < PH~= z#kQ LO@Ok
^x H H$ u~" # ~= =_ #Oz P~ Ò LO@Ok
` Q =`= ` "oÒk D XH H == ~yH
< #O_ L= #O H~ =i < `~Q ~=_xH
=H =O^ W=|_#.
1.=O^ =i WO[H<
< =# i OKx < `yO K_xH "O@< q`" # ~<
H~ =O^ ^ WO[H< W=|_Òk
2.h~ JkH=Q
< `y# ~yH JkH "Ò h~ ` H=x W~ . JkH
"`^ h~ qOK_O ^~ =`= ^~ < |\H
=_xH _ Òk. XH" "O` H~}OQ ~y h~
fH=_= ^ = HH` WO[H< ^~ QH *
ZHOK|_Òk.
3.=` W<H< H zH`
< L# ~Q =`= W<H < Hx O k. Wk
O\|\H ^~ zH` K |_Òk.
JkH= Q h~ fH=_= ^~z# < [

~HO Q ` Q =`= =KO k.
126
4.=`=~= < `yOz f" zH`
XH " [ ~HO Q < ~H ` <# `yOK
J<H q^< JO^@ L<~. < H PH~=, #=,
~HO ^$+ LOKHx ZO\ û L`= "# ^ ~l ^
~# x~
O fO\~.
`H"# <# `H}" `yOK@O J=~= ?
^ . XH" < ^~ =~ <, =`=
W<H < , =`= ~H= , =`=~= P@OH= ^ H_
K_ O_ LO> WO\ K# HxOKx _ < `H} "
`yOK@O J=~= LO_^ . _H~ WO\ < ^$+
LOKHx Z_ Z, U û zH` q^#O ~yH
^H" W_ .
< H~}OQ =`=~= P@OH=, =`=
`~K Q ~H= ^ p= =< ^ H_ H #+= HQ`< <
`H}
" `yOK@O J=~= .
e`\
H_ =i =`"x Q=# L# < # `yOK
P^ xH" # û Wk, D û e`\~ J< OÒ
=` H= O`" # `~O Q` < # z#z# H}Q
K~ . Jq Hk ~A `~ "` =Ò` |\H =K~.
O:
=#OQ ~yx Pu K~ J=~= LO_^
P~ +< ^ î< Q=, ~yH $ HO_<
~ (<) # `yOK=K#.
e`\ P~ +< O_ < `yOK J^ <`#"#
=i q`" # û
127
x:
Jx~H < =i ^ < D û
[#H~= Q LO_^ .
< x~eOK_xH J<H ~ D H zH` K =e
=O k
< `yOK@_ < ^ J<H ~ =`=
W<H < ~"K
^ < `yOK@_ î< =` H_ =i
=` = =^ q+" # O \ J=~= =O k.
H_ ~ "kH î< ^~ zH` (PCNL - Per Cutaneous
Nephro Lithotripsy)
H_ x ~ XH O. g. H< ^k Q LO> J_ ^xx
`yOK = LO@Ok WO\ == Wk P^ xH=
=i q`" # q^#O
D û g Q= H_ Q= XH z# ~O^=
K, ^x ^~ H_ =~ =~= U~@ K, D =~=
^~ H_ x < L# #= =~ XH Q@= OOK
|_Òk
D Q@= ^~ ~# K z# < # ~ ^~
=i ^ < # H= O`" # `~O Q ^~ z# z#
QQ K `yOK|_Òk.
=:
=#OQ H_ =i g Q= P~ +< K `yOK
û 12 #O_15 O.g _= H|_Òk. Hh D H
î< ^~ K |_ zH` < #
P~ +< O_< `yOK=K
128
P^ xH û ^~ H == XH O.g z# ~O^= K |_Òk
JO^K`< P~ +< `~ "` ~y Hx ~A< `# u k#K~
uiy K H=K.
=` = =i =`"x L# < #
î< ^~ `yOK zH` =` = =i
=`"xx < # `yOK zH` Wk L`="# û .
D û P~ +< ^ ~O^= K O_< =`=~=
(=`<oH) QO_ q+" # î< (Cystoscope &
Ureteroscope) H =` < =~ K~ Hx < #
H "" ~ ^~ z# z#H}Q q_Q@|_Òk.
P~+<:
< ^k Q LO_#_ qq^ zH` ^~ O Q
`yOKH ` JO\ == P~ +< ^~
`yOK|_Òk
< x"~}:
< XH i H$ u û ^ zH` ^~ `yOz#
`~ "` D = #O_ O~O Q q=H a O ^? ^ . XH
i ~y < HeyLO> J`xH =~i < U~_ J=HO 80
Ò LO@Ok. JO^K`< ` H" # ~Q *Q`Q LO>
=Ozk.
< =m #=$Ò HO_ ~yH ZO\ KiH
=i K# \OKe
D ~ "k P~ x== q+ =`~=. <
HQ _^ J#< ~Q Z _ HO^ "|_# #
i UHQ`` \OKe
h~ JkH= Q fO> ~ zH` H~ =i ^xx
=~ ` ~ HO_ x"iOK_xH K J=~=
129
1. h~ JkH "Ò fH"e
3 b@~ ^ 12 #O_ 14 Q H< JkH "Ò h~
=i ^= ^~ u k#= fH"e .
D û ~ U~_ O_ x"~} H~ JxO\ H<
=Y"# L=
~ ` ~ HO_ x"iOK_xH `Q h~ H <}`
H< ~E"i `Q h~ "`^ Ju =Y"# k.
~ ` ~ HO_ x"iOK_xH ZO` h~ fO\~
^xHO> Z= "`^ =`= = Wk K
=Y"# k. u~E ~ O_ b@~ H< Z= =`=
~=_xH i_ h~ fH=_= J=~= .
h~ JkH= Q fO> ~ zH` H~ =i ^xx
=~ ` ~ HO_ x"iOK_xH K J=~= ~[O`
=`= h~Q +O Q = nx J~O h~ ~ # "`^
f#@ XH " =`= Q ^ x[ OQ = h~
` = "`^ f#@ .
h~` @ W`~ h O\q H|ih~, s, =Ô,
#\ q~Q_, Lx _ =< WOH W`~ ^"
qOKe.
k#= U^ XH == =`= ` =Q =i
Q J=Òk. D == =`= H~ JkH= Q
LO_@= =#
H# ` ~ H K `~Q "^ J=Òk nxx
x"iOK_= K J=~= . H## x"iOK_O =~==^
~[O` h~ JkH "`^ fO@#@ JxK\xH

H= =`= _ h~ = LO_@=
130
[#= f#`~ "` =_ QO@ =~ , K H+` ~ " #
x K# `~" `, ^ ~u _ < =O^ ^ =^ ~u
z ~ O_ Q ^ JkH "`^ h~ fH=_=
K =Ozk
D qÔ Q k#= U == H# ` ~=_xH
Z= J=H= L#^ P == JkH= Q h~ ^
^= ^~= fH=_= ^~ #x ,+" # =i
JkH "`^ =` =`= ` ~=Òk. nx ^~
H# ` ~=_x x"iOK=K P~= xO`}
H## ^$+ LOKHx P~= s *Q` =i
xO`} \ H# x"~} = J=Òk.
P~= L "`^ ` =Q fH"e =i L
^~= =_ , J_, K O\ L
JkH= Q L# ^~= fH=^. H# ` ~=_xH
Wk K =Oz K# Jx èO_ K=Ok ~Q D
H K# \OK O_ ` K`~.
~[O` h~ JkH "`^ fO@#@ JxK\xH
H= =`= _ h~ = x=H h~ ,H|i h~
,|`~ ~= ,P<O _ ~= , Q[~, HH~H ,
yO[x @=@, s, "\, ^= WOH ZO\q
qOK_= ^~ H# H x"~} K =K. JO^K`<
g\x JkH= Q fH=x W~ .
H# "k ~Q Lù ^ JkH He O O\
^~ fH=^ Wk K JO J=Òk
u#|O_~ LO_ He O "`^ PH\`
H=_=` H_ JO` ^~ PH\ H
80 Ò =Ok H# =~ ~"K# JO^H ui

*Q`Q LO_e. K< "~ sH K~OK_= ` xi
131
i=}= `y Òk nx ^~H# ` ~=_xH
x"~} = ^~Òk
q@q< =`(4Q= ^ ^xH< JkH= ) fH=^
PH\ H# x"~} HO^ zOK|_# PH\ Hey L#
^~# ` =Q fH"e.
~Q @=@, O_H , =OH, =#QH_,
^H, ~ `k`~ ~Q
O_:
\, Li, JOQ~, s, ~ s, ` = =i HA.
^=^~=
=~`# \, JQ~ ~= , H _i,HH ,KH\,Ô ,
,HHH.
iH _ ~ H x"~}
HO^ zOz# ^~# Z=Q `H=_= ^~
iH _ ~QÒk JO^ K`< Wq ` =Q fH"e
\ _, b\ _
, |\h, H^<, =
~Q: He= ~, =OH, ~ "^Q#q.
: \, ` =, ~H
=O~=: =O=, zH<, K, Q_.
=^=: c~
H# H ^ # ^$+ LOKHx =O^ fH=_=

^~ H# H x"~} K =K#.
132
3. =O^ ^~ zH`
U ~yH =`= He O "`^ JkH= Q LO@O^
"iH `* ^ =i >\ O\ =O^ W=|_Òk.
iH _ H# J i< =i =`= H~
Pb< ` ~K =O^# fH=x
W=|_Òk.
4. ^~} sH
H# ` Q ~#_ ^ zH` K# `~ "`
~< _ =~ Jk ` ~=Òk, HOîH H# H}
H#|_= JO^ K`< ZO\ ^ HQH ~# _H~ "~
^ ` HOQ O=`~xH XH i <Q sH K~OK_=
J=~= . <Q sH ^~ H# ^x WOH "^\ ^
O\=x x~~} H"K#.
=` =~O H
=#C_ =Ò H

O|OkOz# Hi ~ sH J<k =Y"# k.
133
21. \
= a. . ZK.
\ QOk H == ~+ s~= aO k. D
QOk = iy# Hk PH~= _ ~Q_ = ^~
=`q~# == = Z^~=Òk. WO\ =
^^Q 60 O=`~ ^ P| _# ~+ =O k .
~` ^= =i q "O Q Q@ =
=K =~ H~}OQ a. . ZK = Q"i OY _ =$k
KOk#k.
\ QOk ZH_ H^ =i ^x x Uq\ ?
~+ PH~= \ =` = HO^
(Bladder Neck ) J# Q= LO@Ok Wk =`<oH (Ure-
thra) H ~O Q=x <Q k K@Hx
LO@Ok. JO> =` = #O_ =K =`<oH H
~O Q= \ =^#Oz " Òk .
g~= f <oH \ #O_ }Oz
=`<oHx ~ O_ " `~ KH|_Òk. nx H~}OQ
\ QOk ~+ #~ù == H =Y "# JOQ=
B.P.H a<< \ ~ \ (Benign Prostrate Hypertro-
phy) JO> Uq\?
a<< \ J#Q = iy# Hk =# ~=
LO_ \ , PH~= =$k HQ@. D H a. . ZK
= OH=} H#~ ^ "~ H~} ` \ H =
OO ^= LO_^
a. . ZK. H == ~+ OHqOK "k, nx H~}OQ

= iQ Hk =`= = LO\~
134
a K H H}:
a K =# ~+ HeQ = D HO^
"|_#k :
~u " `~K Q =`= _xH " _=
=`= H ^~ K #Q H=_=
=`q~# ~O == Hk == @_ =
=`q~# Py Py [~Q_ =
=`q~# == `~Q xOK f="# W+O
HQ_= ^x xO`} H =_= J_ _ |@
=` q~# O
=`q~# J~~# `~ "` KH KHQ =`=
~=_=.
=`= q~# iQ [~QH =_= =i =`=
OiQ q~# O`+= HQH =_=
a K H~}OQ Z^~ Hi#"# = :
1. =`= PH HOQ Py=_= =i H^@ ~ =
^~< =`= ~=_=.
2. =`q~# iQ [~QH =_= ^~ =` =
O~# OQ Mm J=^. D H~}= =# =`=
OH=} ~"K =i OH=} zH` K @ H+= Q
=~=K#.
3. =`=~= J_O H ~y# Hk =` = K
"`^ =`= [= J=Òk. D H~}= K` H_
a K =`= H ^~ #Q P=Òk =i
~u == `~K Q =`=# "= =O k.
135
#Oz =` = =`= =OK =~=
P@OH= U~_Òk. =i H_ , =` = H
i=}= " HQÒk. XH" D = " "Q
JkH= J=Ò> HO` == `~" ` H_ ~ ~
O\ QOc~ =Q U~_=K#.
4 =`= Z _ =`= HiO |_@ =#
H# HQ J=H LO\~..
50 #O_ 60 O=`~ = `~" ` f XH ~+xH \
iQ = LO\~?
^ . J [~Q^ \ QOk PH~= iy# Hh ^ =
L# JOî a K H H} H#|_=. U ~+xH` a
K H~}= K` ^~} = HQÒ^ "iH zH`
J=~= ^ =#OQ 60 O=`~ H< JkH = L#
~+ 5 Ò =OkH a K H zH` J=~=
_ Òk
1. a K H x~~}:
~y ^~ èH# = a K H}
LO> \
H x~~}
G zH` ^~K~OKe .
2. " ^~ \ H x~~} :
~< ^ ~l = =~= " \ \ H
x~~} K~ .(DRE - Digital Rectal Examination) a K
\ H PH~= ~QÒk =i " ` K sH
\ "`\ ~|~ = `Q Òk.
^ = L# ~+ =`=# P@OH=
HQ_xH =Y H~}= a K
136
3. <Q ^~x~~} :
a K H x~~} D sH K L Q=
_\ xH Q H~}= \ H PH~= ~Q_ = ^~
=`q~# `~" ` =` = =`= LO_=@,
=` = H# LO_@=, WOH =`"x, H_
" LO_@= O\ i=~# <Q` _ H#H=K.
4. Q () x~~} :
D H sH a K x~~} =^ K _=
gH^ Hh a K Z^~ = H x~~} H nx
^~ = HQ=K. D H sH a K x~~}
=^ K _= gH^ Hh a K Z^~ = H
x~~} H nx ^~ = HQ=K# =`s H, =`=
OH=} H x~~} H~ =i ~H= H \x< H
x~~} , H_ H x`` q+ =K~= WO k. \
H = \ H#~ H~}O J=Ò^ ^ J#
q+ x XH q+" # ~H sH ^~ x~~}
K~ .
5. W`~ x~~} sH
a K O\ H}
L# ` H ~yH a K H
= LO_^ . ~Q x~~} H~ K ~ L~" \,
=i ~QO O\ q+" # sH
K |_Òk.
\ " ` ^ <Q ^~ x~~} K û a

K x~~} H~ K =Y "# x~~} sH
137
a K O\ = L#"iH \ H#~ H =
i# _ g LO^?
J=#. Hh ~` ^= \ O\ = `
^ _ ~QH \ H#~ H = K ` =Q
Z^~=Òk.
1. \ H#~ H x~~}:
D H sH \ H#OQ ~~Q ^ QOk O\
J= O Q Jx Jk H#~ Q QiOK|_Òk.
~H sH ^~ .Z .U H x~~}
~H= .Z .U
H "`^ JkH= Q LO> Jk H#~H K#.
2. \ H |
q+" # \ <Q =` = =~= k
\ \ H | fHx ^r sH \
H#~ =K i =K~= JO^Òk.
a K H zH` =Y =Q ~O_ Q qlOK=K#.
1. =O^ ^~ zH`
2. `H q^#"# zH`
1. =O^ ^~ zH`
Z_` a K H~}= K` =`= = Z=Q
#_ =i WO\ QOc~" # = O> WO\
~Q zH` =O^ ^~ O Q q`=Q
K |_#.
.Z.U J# ~H sH ^~
\ H#~ H x~~} Ò k.
138
WO\ =O^ P H~ (*<, >~* <,
_H*<, >=< `k`~) =i # ~ _ , _~ ~ ^
ZO\ =O^ LO\~
=O^ H zH` ` =`=~= P@OH= `Q `
=O k =i =`= ^~}OQ ZO\ = O_
=O k .
a K L# U ~Q `H"# zH` J=~= _Ò^?
U ~yH` zOK|_# =O^ =# O`$H ~ O Q
LO_^ "iH ` H" # zH` J=~= . HO^ KOK =#
î< P~ +< ^ WOH ` H" # û ^~ zH` K _=
J=~=.
=` q~# `= K< _ =`= ~H=_=
H^ @~ H = ^~ =`= =K@
=`= `~K Q OH=} HQ_= ^ =`=
~H= HxOK_=
=` q~# J~# `~ "` =` = =`= JkH
"`^ HeyLO_@ .
=` = =`= JkH "Ò =`=
HiOK|_@ =# H_ =i =`"x "
HQ_=
=` H~} = OH=} HQ_=
`H"# zH`:
=O^ =# zH` O`$H ~ O Q LO_^ "iH ` H" # zH`
HO^ "|_#k
a K ~y H = ` == JkH= Q
=O^` zH` K =K#.
139
î< ^~ zH`
\..P~. (T.U.R.P - Trans Uretral Resection of Prostrate)
a K zH` H~ Wk K " # , q`" # k,
` == =O^ zH` ` q+" # = HQx
"~ JkH Ò 95 Ò H< Z= =Ok a K
~Q \ H Q@ D û ^~ ^~=
K =K#.
D H û P~ +<, H\ O Q ^ @ O\q J=~=
_^
D H H =#OQ ~yH $ ` =` =O^
W=O_ H == "< =H WO[H< (Spinal Anaesthe-
sia) Wz #_= Q= HO^ z# ~O^= K
K |_Òk
D H =`=~= (=`<oH) î< (Endo-
scope) O \ QOk P@OH= Lù K Qx
`yOK|_Òk.
D H H î< ^ g_ ZO_ ^~
x~O`~O Q Q=x \ QOk P@OHO, Lù K
Q=# g# O` =~ `yOK|_Òk =i D H
H == ~H= =^#OQ xOu
K |_Òk
D P~ +< == ~y ^~}OQ =_ #Oz <Q
~A Pu LO_= =O k
a K =O^ ^~ zH` q O J~`

\..P~. zH` q^#= JxO\H< "# û
140
2. P~+< ^~ zH`:
\ QOk K ^k Q J~` =` =
L# H# H P~ +< K _= _ J=~= . J_
~l `# J#= ~O` D zH` î< =`
=~= OÒQ K ^ . WO\ ~Q P~ +< H û
K |_Òk. D H P~ +< =#OQ H\ Q= =i
=` =# pe \ QOk |@ `yOK|_Òk
3. zH` H J<H ^` :
a K H zH` ` = |"# ^` HO^
"|_#k
î< =` \ z# ~O^= K =`=~=
H P@OH=# ` = K @.(TUIP - Transurethral In-
cision Of Prostate)
[~ ^~zH` (Transurethral Lazer Prostatectomy)
L+O (Thermal Ablation) ^~zH`
=`=~= q+ "# peH (Urethral Stenning) ^~
zH`
\..P~. P~+<, =`=O^ W=O_ î<

K |_Òk =i Pu Hx ~A LO_= =O k.
141
22. =O^ H~}OQ H_H Z^~ =
=O^ "_Ò_Q s~= W`~ JOQ H< H_ H ZO^
#+= HQÒk =O^ qOK@_ H_ H JkHO Q #+O
Oq OK_xH ~ O_ =Y "# H~} H=.
1. H_ JkH Ò =O^# s~= #O_ |@ `yO k
D H H == K =O^ "\ ~O`~
^~= ` H_ H #+= Hey~ .
2 $^ = #O_ ` H" # x=+= =K ~H= H
S^= Q= H_ xH " Òk. |~= =i \` # O
J#~OQ s~= JxO\ H<Z= ~H= H_ xH
" Òk D H~}= K` H_ H #+= HeyOK =O^ H
WOH "~ ^~= ` = == =i JkH
"`^ H_ xH K~ Òk, D H~}= K` H_ H #+O
`~Q "\ J=H= JkH= Q L#k.
1. <x `yOK =O^ (Pain Killers)
s~=x z#, ^ < _H~ O_ ~< H~
=O^ fH=_= ~ ^~} O J~Ok. D `~ O`
"^ = K H#@ =# H_ K_ _xH ~< H~ =O^
JkH ^ ` =O k.
~< H~ =O^ J#Q Uq\ ? g\ L# =O^ Uq\ ?
< `yO K_xH =i [~= `yO K_xH "_ =O^x
~< H~ Jx JO\~. D H~=Q "_ =O^ S|$< ,
H\< , _H < H, _ O, x"_ , WOH W`~ =O^
=O^ H~}OQ H_ H #+= HQK

=Y H~} = ~< H~
142
=O^ H~}OQ H_H Z^~ =
~< H~ =# =#"# ~y H H_ K_ = ^=
LO^?
^ . _H~ H H~= =# =HH zOz# "`^
=i == =~ fO> ~< H~ "_@ ~H` = .
~< H~ "_@ =# H_ K_ =^= Z_
LO@Ok?
_H~ H O_ K H= =~ JkH
"`^ =O^ L yOK "i H_ K_
=Ô JkH= Q LO@Ok.
^ =, H_ " O, =^ " ~y, =i s~=
h~ ` = "`^ L# WO\ ~Q ~< H~
"_@ =# =^= HQ=K.
H_"O L# ~yH ZO\ ~< H~ "_@ ~H`= ?
H_ " O L# ~yH ~@=O\ ~< H~
"_@ JkH ~H` = .
K =Ok ~QH QO_ H = K =~ Pi<
zOK|_Òk. J` nx =# H_ #+= HQÒ^?
QO_ H = K =~ Ji<
zOK|_Òk J~` ` = "`^ f<
W=|_Òk JO^K`< H_ H #+= HQ^ .
W#~" # û fH|_# ~< H~ =O^

H_ xH~= H=K.
143
~< H~ "_@ =# K_ ~# H_ =o =OzQ J=Ò^?
Z_` ~< H~ =O^ Hk == =~
L yOz#_ PH HOQ H_ K_ O> P_ Lz` "#
zH` =i ~< H~ "_@ =x" H_ =~ #=
J=Òk.
^ = L#"~ K =Ok ~Q H < H~
xqOz# qÔ Q KH= =~ ~< H~ "_=
=O k WO\ HO` =Ok ~Q H_ " "Q K_ Òk.
Z JO> =o uiy #= H#O`Q. WO\ ~Q H_
H H = = H~ ~< H~ =O^ _H~ H "~
fH=_= =Ozk.
K HOQ ~< H~ "_@ =# H_ K ==#
~O ^ x~~} Z K=K?
=`s H XH" \# `#@~` Wk H_ K
== H ^= Q~ H=K. H_ Z=Q K_ ` ~H
sH H \x< H "`^ JkH= Q H#|_Òk.
2. J"<QH _
[O@" < J# WO[H< Z_` KH= =~ Z=
"`^ fO\~ ^ ^ = Hey |#"# H_
L#, =i s~= h\ "`^ ` = L# WO\ ~y D
WO[H< fH=_= ^~ H_ K_ P~= Z=Q
LO\~. D H WO[H< PH HOQ P" # Z_ JkH Ò
~Q H_ HO` =xH iQ x K O k
^ = , =^ " =i s~= h~ ` =
"`^ L#_ =O^` H_ qs`" # ==
_
= JkH= Q LO@Ok
144
3. ~_ HO\ WO[H<
Z= = ,H_ " O, =^ "O, s~= h~
"`^ ` =Q L#"~ ^ H_ H #+O HeyOK =O^
f<"~ WO\ ~Q J_< _# ^~= WO[H<
Wz ZH ~ sH K# `~" ` H_ K_ iu x
Ò\~. JkH Ò ~Q H_ Hey# #+= =~ "
"Q HO@Ok
4.P~kH =O^:
P~ kH =O^ ^~ Z_ ZO\ ^+== HQ^
J<k ` _ Ja=
P~ kH =O^ ` iH L yOK JkH ^` (O ,
^~ O , "^Q)` H_ H #+= HQ=K
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~H= =#=Q ZO` \+O LO@Ok ? D H
"`^ ZO` JkH"` zOuOK q+= J=Òk ?
=#OQ s~= \+ O H "`^ 3.5 #O_ 5.0
mEq/L LO@Ok. Z_` D H "`^ 5 #O_ 6 mEq/L
J=Ò^ J_ P~= *Q` K J=~= J=Òk.
XH" Wk 6.5 mEq/L H< JkH= Q LO> Jk _= #
K#. =i \+ O H "`^ 7 mEq/L H<
JkH" ` U == << } #+= Oq OK=K.
182
\+O H "`^ H~= =# ^~=
=iH~}=?
\+ O H "`^ # ^$+ @Hx ` H" #
^~= # =_ Q q|lOK|_#k. JkH, =^ =i
` = \+ O Q ` H ^~= .
=#=Q JkH \+ O Q ^~= #
x+^= H^ =^ \+ O Q ^~= # ` =
"`^ fH=x W~ ..
1. JkH \+ O 200 qb QO H< JkH= .
2. =^ \+ O 100 ? 200 qb QO =^ .
3. ` = \+ O 0100 qb QO.
=O1 :JkH \+O Q P~=

1.O_ :
J~\ O _, \, O_# =q_ O_, \ " (==Oa ),
^H , H~ *, J<O _, Li, Ks, [~, K , PQ _ ,
^=.
2.Kx P ~Q :
J~c ` , \ |OQÔ, =#QH, K ^x, ~#,
~, Q=i e , @Q_Q.
3.ZO_# ""
YA~O , H q, MA , Ô , JOr~, JH\,
4. :
HOk , q# , K#Q , ~ .
183
5.= :
ZO_ q~H , ^x, r~, "O` .
6.^= ^~=:
H|i h ,`* O_ ~ , zH\ (Condensed milk ),
, H, ~ g\, c~, _OHOQ KH\ , =^= (Wine).
7. W`~ ^~=
KH\ , H_i KH\ , H , KH\ S HO, `k`~.
=O2 : =^ \+O Q P~=
1.O_
Y~[, ^x= O_, ez
2.Kx P ~
=OH ,Hr, H~\, LeQ_ , =Ow, HH~H , O_H,
Hb = ~, @"@.
3.^<
"^ ,*#, " ,"H*#, Q^=, =.
4. ^= ^~= (Drinks):
P= ,~Q .
1. W`~ ^~=:
Z~ q~H , =OQ, H, ^x ,Q~O =
W`~q .
184
=O3 : `= \+O Q P~=
1.O_
P, ~, *=H, J=$^, O` ,~ .
2.Kx P ~Q
^H , Jq(\H~), c~H, c@\, ~= , K x |\h,
"O` ~, "e.
3. ^<
"^ , *#, , "H*#
Kx P ~Qx \+O# U ~H=Q `=
K=K ?
P ~Q# #Q ìy# `~ "` "\x z# z#
=H K# `~ "` (PQ_ O\q "\ H @
fe)
XH "~ h\ H_y P ~Q# "_ h\ XH
QO@ =~ LOKe. h\ H "`^ P ~ H< 5
#O_ 10 Q} JkH= Q LO_e.
~ O_ QO@ `~" ` =~ XH "~ h\ 2 #O_ 3 ~
~Q# H_y ~Q# JkH "`^ h~
L_H \e .
U h\ ~Q# L_H \~ P h\x ~" e
=i ~Q# zOK|_# qÔ Q ~zQ =O_e ..
D qÔ Q ~Q L# \+ O H "`^#
`yO K=K. Hh \+ O# iQ ^~= K =
JO^K`< JkH \+ O Q ~Q# ` =Q ^
185
J fH_^ .
D ~HO Q ` ~ K# P~= \+ O` @Q
q@q# _ #+= HQÒk. JO^ K`< _H~ H
fHx q@q< H Qe fH=_= K J=~=
4. ~ `= "`^ fH"e:
H_ " O L# ~y ~ Hey# P~= ZO^ ` =
"`^ fH"e ?
s~=x ~ =i He O ~ O_ =#"#
"`^ Z=H qH=O`=, P~QH~= =i
|O H~ J=~= . =#OQ P~= LO_ ~
# H_ =`= ^~ |@ f J=~" # "`^
^x ~H= ~ O Q LOKÒk.
=#OQ ~H= ~ 4.5 5.5 qb /.Q H
"`^ ` HO Q LO@Ok.
H_ " = ~y JkH "`^ ~ =`= ^~
|@ ^ H|\ ~H= ^x "`^ JkH=
J=Òk. ~H= ~ O Q L# ~ JkH "`^
Z=H #O_ He O# fO@Ok. `^~ Z=H
|#==`~.
s~= ~ JkH= =_= H~}OQ Z^~ =Y
"# = ^~^ HQ_= , HO_~ |#OQ H=_=
,Z=H < ~=_= ,Z=H |#=Q H=_=,
=i Q\ Q H=_= H~}OQ Z=H Q (Frac-
tures) H=_xH P~ JkH= Q LO\~.
186
ZO\ P~= JkH"# ~ LO__xH P~= LOk.
"\x `= fH" ^ J fH=^?
JkH ~ Hey# P~= H q=~ D H~=Q
L<~ :
` ` ~ # == h~ ,S H" , q +H, KH\
HA ,^=, ,JH\, ZO_ ~# H|iH .
j` h, HH H, O\, =*, \ .
q#Q ^#,Q[~,J~c `,c@\,"H *#,K
|@h.
5. J#k# P~= H (~K# ) ~H#:
H_ " = Hey# ~y u k#= =i ZO` "`^
P~=, h~ fH" K~ <l K# H~=
_\ +
< ^~ `~ K |_Òk .Hh P~= H~
=#"# K# D H~=Q LO@Ok.
1. h~ =i ^= ^~= :
_H~ ^~ W=|_# K# J#~OQ JO` ^= ^~=
fH"e. ~E |~= KHx K~ @H"e, XH"
|~=iy#@ Jx JkH= Q h~ f<~x J~=
K H"e .
2. H~_@ (O_^~):
s~= `y#O` "`^ Hs aOK_xH =i ^#O
LO_ `x (XH " =^"O H `) KH ~ ^ QH
H JkH "`^ P~= L yOK=#.
187
3. \# :
\# =Y=Q: , k#, ^<, Q_ (H_
=OO JkH "`^ LO\~. Z_` _ H
J=~` LO_^ P == H_ " O Hey# ~yH HOK=
` = \< ( 0.8 Q/HQ s~= H |~= =#OQ)
fH=x W=|_Òk. J^ XH " "_ .U .
._. (C.A.P.D)xqOz# ~yH JkH \# fH=_=
KJ=~= LO@Ok .ZO^HO> . .U . ._. H ^==
Z_` H_ #Oz |@ f~ J_ J ^== ` \#
"o `~. nx H~}=Q P~= JkH \< W=H `
s~= \# `y Òk. Wk K xH~= Q =~Òk.
4. H= ^~=:
H= ^~= ` =Q fH"e .<~, "#, W`~q
P~= ` =Q fH"e. XH" g\x XHiQ =x"
xH~= H"K.
#< ^~= =#OQ : #Q #< ^ c<
#< ~ O_ s~= H~ H ~ = J~< g\x ` =
"`^ fH=#x W~ .
5. L:
JkH `= ~Q L ` =Q fH=x
W~ . P~= # O_ L K_ = K =^. =O@ _ _~
Hey# == x ` =Q fH"e ^ fH=^. L
#= ` = _ O L fH"e ^ fH=^.
6. ^< (Cereals):
^< a= ^ "\` `~ K |_ ^~
LyOKe.
188
u ~E XH ^< fH=_= |^ Q^ =, a=,
"^ , `* "H*#, H~ H , W`~q ^~# fH=K
Hh *#, =H, q@ ` =Q fH"e.
7. :
~H ~H ~ # "`^ fH"e .nx ^~
P~= "q ^ O HQÒk. h~ LO@Ok H|\ h~
H "`^ ` =Q fH"e, g# O` =~ zHQ
fH"e. H "`^ _H~ H H~"
fH"e.
\+ O H "`^`yO K_xH ^xx Z=
h\` H_y # `~ "` "_ h\ <#\ P h\x ~" e. =~
JkH "`^ h\ # L_H \ # `~" ` P h~# _
~" ` H" # ^$+ iOz *Q`Q ` ~K e.
a=` ` ~K |_ Hz_ =i ^ `k`~ =O@H
_ fH=K#.
8. Kx P ~Q :
=O^Q zOz# qÔ Q ` = \+ O Hey# P
~Q ZO\ = O_ L yOK=K. JkH
\+ O Hey# P~ ~Q =O^ è# qÔ Q
\+ O `yO z fH"e =i ~z H~ =i
~Q x=H O_H=K#.
9. = (O_)
` = "`^ \+ O Hey# O_ , ~,
*=, ~ `y`~ k#= XHiQ JkH= Q u#=^ .
_ HH =O^ U^< XH = u#=K# H|i h~
^ = ~= fH=^ .
189
10. =i ^x` `~# ^~=.
u k#= 300 #O_ 350 qe b@~ ^ ` ` ~ #
^~= # Z JO> =, S HO, ~Q, =\, W`~
^~= Q fH=K. Hh h~ ` =Q fH"e J# q+ x
^+ @ O@ f ^~= # ` = "`^ fH"e .
11. j` h= :
, O@, \, O\ j` h fH_^ . =
H ~= =i H|i h~ _ fH_^ .
12. ZO_# "" :
ZO_# "= ,#Q H ^# ,#= ,z ^ ZO_# H|i
fH_^
190
28 ."^
^ q=~}`H q=~}
Zhq (~H#`):
~H= "Qa< H "`^ `y =_=. nx H~}OQ
|#OQ =~_= .Hk x K Q< J@ HQ_= ,
Ti H+O J=@O W`~ = HQ`~ .
Ui`~\< (erythropoietin):
Ui`W\< ~H H} Lù H~ J=~" # XH ^~= .D
^~= H_ ` ~=Òk . H_ " O Hey# ~y
Ui`~\<
H Lù `Q_ = =# Z=H =[ (=Q) (Bone
Marrow) ~H H} Lù `Q_ = [~QÒk. `^~
Zhq (~H #`)HQ=K.
P~s g# (Arterio Venous Fistula):
P~ +< ^~ H$u= ~= Q ^=x =i ~` H_= .

^=x H JkH Xu_` ~H= ~=_= H~}OQ Hx "~
`~" ` ~ " HQÒk =i ^x ^~ }OK
~H= H "`^ JkH= =Òk .D H " Hey#
#~= ` H" # =\ k ^~ ~H= f|_Òk .
~H@ (Blood Pressure) :
~H= H Xu_ (~H @)
c. . K . B.P.F - (Benign Prostatic Hypertropathy):
= iy# ~+ \ H PH~= ~Q_=
=# =`q~# == = Z^~=Òk.
191
H _=~ H_ =i_ (Cadevar Kidney Transplantation) :
~< __ (Brain Dead)Hey# =H, =HH KOk# XH
P~Q=O`" # H_ f HxH H_ " =(Chronic Kidney
Failure) ~yH P~ +< ^~ H_ =i_ K _= .
HeO:
s~=x Z=H, HO_~ `k`~ P~Q= H~ Q
"# H~= K @Q# J=~" # Yx[ `` =. =i
` `~K |_# == aOK#.
H
\x< =i i:
H \x< =i i ~ O_ s~= < \[< r=#
H ` ~K |_ L Q= x K` ^~= . nxx H_
^~ |@ OOK |_Òk.
=#OQ ~H= H \x< H "`^ 1 #O_ 1.5 g.
Q i=}O =i i H "`^ 20 #O_ 40 g
.Q. i=}O LO@Ok .H_ " O Hey` nx "`^
JkH= Q ~QÒk. H_ " O H x~~} =i
x"iOK_xH Wk K =Y"# sH.
(Cystoscopy)
` H "# î< H = ` =` = Q=
x sH .
_~ (Dialyser):
"_ H H ~H= # = K H$u= H_ .

_ :
Z_` H_ xK ^ J@=O\ iu H_ H xx
`= ~HO Q s~= J=~= x ^~= #
192
=i h\x f" H$u= û x _ Jx JO\~.
_| "< H^@~ (_ .Z ):
Z_` "_ K J=~O HQÒ^ J_
s~= #Oz ~H= f_xH L yOK|_ H^ @~. D
H^ @~ ~ O_ Q LO\. JO^ XH Q=
nH~ }
H~ ~H= # |@ fH=_xH =i ~ O_=
Q= nH~ } `~ "` ~H= # s~= eH OOK_xH
L Q_ Òk.
ZH\:
s~= HeyL# H~ =i _ O, \+ O, H~ _
"^Q D `` ~H= =# i=}O ~H= H
Xu_ x= nH~ }
, <O, `k`~ H H~
_`~.
"~ "~< (Femoral Vein):
H #O_ ~H= }= K |_ `_ HeyL# ^ ~. D
~ _|"< H^ @~ " "_ H~ ~H=
f|_Òk.
Q"~ <~\:
D ~H" # H_ "k =#OQ ", JkH ~H @, =`=
~H H}, =i \# H LxH =i J<H ~ H_
" = H#|_Òk.
"_ ~H= H _ :
"_ O`= =` H$u= H_ x ~Hx k
K XH H$u= û .
193
"Qa< :
"Qa< ~H H} LO_ XH ^~= .nx x
s~=H PH[< K~" _=. ~H sH ^~ "Qa< H
"`^ `H=K#.
~H= "Qa< H "`^ ` =Q LO_@=
=# HeQ "k Zhq .
~H@ ~ >#< :
|_ +~ JkH (~H @), ~H= HeQ Xu_
W=< O \ =O^ (Immuno Suppresent Drugs):
H_ H =i_ `~ "` Z _ J=~" # ` H
=O^ fH= =O k .D =O^ s~= H
~Qx~^H H # == KÒk .=i H_ H
u~ ~}(i[H< ) O|== ` =Q K O k Hh "^ ` ~_
H x ^qkQ HQ K O k.D q^" # =O^ _<
,H i< ,ZO .ZO.Z .Z[` <, `k`~ =O^
HeyLO\~ .
WO\ g# Q (S.q.):
H_ H~ ` H" # ZH ~ sH .D sH J_<
Hey# =O^# WO[H K |_Òk. D ~HO Q H_ [i
sH H_ #Oz =`"x ^~ =` =H "
H#|_Òk.
D H sH H_ H x`` = =i
=`=~= H ~K# QiOz `H=K .
AQ~ "~< (I.J.V. Unternal Jugular Vein):
` #O_ "_ Q= ~H= # f " ^ ~ Wk
"_ [= # LO@Ok. D #~= _| "< H^ @~
194
" "_ H~ ~H= f|_Òk
H_ |:
H_ k H =` # ^~= O\ Q=
fHx ^xx " H ^~ sH K~ .
H_ H "O (Kidney Failure):
~ O_ H_ x`` = `Q_ = , ~H= H \x<
=i i H "`^ ~Q_ = H_ " O HQ_xH
OH `.
Z\ H_ "O (Acute Kidney Failure) :
=#=Q xK ~ O_ H_ JH`Q ` =
== Py=_=. D ~H= Q K_ ~# H_ =~
iQ x K =K.
HxH H_ "O (Chronic Kidney Failure) :
"" Q K H= =~ H_ #= HH` D
~H= Q ~ O_ H_ x`` = `y Òk .
H_ =i_ ( Kidney Transplantation):
HxH H_ " O Hey# ~yH "~ =HH KOk# H_ J=~_=.
H_ i[H< (Kidney Rejection):
H_ =i_ `~ "` s~= H ~Q x~kH H~}OQ H`Q
=i_ K# H_ H #+= HQ_= .
e`\ (Lithotripsy):
P~ +< O_ H# (~) H zH` P^xH q^#=. D
H zH` OÒ ^~ Lù J H= O`" # H ^~
H#( ~)# _ K |_ =i =`q~# ==
|\H "o `~ .
195
"H Pq< i :
=`= K JkH "`^ Jq< H ` H" #
sH. =^"O H~}OQ H_ H HeQ #x ~O^
x~~} K _xH Wk +" # sH.
Z.".. (Micturating Cysto Urethrogram):
q+" # J_< H _ # H^ @~ ^~ =` =H
O# `~ "` =` q~# == =`=~= H
ZH~ .
<l (Nephrologist):
H_ H OO kOz# ` H ("^ _) r + <.
<< :
H_ LO_ ~ O\ Q= Wk ~H= # k K =~= #
=` ~= =~O k. ` HOQ H_ k H <#
LO\~.
<\H O_":
JkH Ò z# =K H_ "k, nx H~}OQ =`=
^~ \< "oÒk =i s~= \< `y Òk, D
H~}OQ s~=" H#_ Òk.
..*. J=~Ô (P.U.J Obstruction):
WO^ H_ =i =`"xx He Q= kOK |_Òk.
D H~}OQ =`= H =~= P@OH= HQ_= =#
H_ " =O k.
i\x _ :._ .H_ H _e:
H_ K ~O^= Q ` H" # H^ @~ " ` H" #
196
^== (._. ~ _P.D Fluid) H =` s~=x
=~= # k iK H .
~:
s~xH J=~" # Yx[=. Wk Z=H =i |=,
H, P~Q= H~ KJ=~= . Wk =i `
` ~ K |_ == , _ \, Q_ =O=
"^Q"\ a~.
e H H_ "k :
JkH= Q HxOK H_ "k, D "k ~ O_ H_
Hx~. D H PH~= ~Q^ Hey` H_ H
PH~= _ ~QÒk. .H ._ ."k H~}OQ =
iy# Hk ~H @_ ~QÒk =i HxH H_
" = (Chronic Kidney Failure) HQ=K.
\+O:
D Yx[ `` = ~H= =# "`^ HO_~ zH`
K _xH =i QO_ H@ H#@ =#OQ LOK_xH
J=~= .O_, O_ ~= , H|i h~, _ \ `k`~
== \+ O LO@Ok .
\#:
P~= =Y +H q= \#, H~ _\ =i
H= HeyLO\~. \# s~= =i HO_~ H
~H # =i Ja=$k H~ =`~O Q = K O k.
=` O_ ^=x (Renal Artery):
H_ H ~H= # K~" ^= x.
197
HH ~Q= (Semipermeable):
[_ =O\ *e Wk H == z# H}# "~ K O k. Hh nx
#O_ ^ H} "~ K _xH xH ~^.
q (Septicemia):
~H= OH=} ^~ HeQ H QOc~" # ==
_O:
_ O s~=x h~# =i ~H= Xu_x
xOuOK_xH =`~HOQ L Q _ Òk. L
(_ O) XH Yx[ `` = Hey#k Wk JkHO Q Q=
K |_ ^~= .
<Q :
| `~O Q =` K |_ XH sH. D sH H_ H
PH~=, ~H #, #O, `k`~ H_ H =~= HeQ
JO`~=, ~# =i W`~ q=~# è~ O k.
" < "~< (Subclavian Vain):
K~ =i QO_ Q= ~H= }OK = ~. D
~ [ Q= HqH Z=H "#H " LO@Ok. D ~
_| "< H^@
~ " "_ K |_Òk.
\..P~:
= | _#_ \ QOk iy#_ HeQ = .c
K H zH` q+" # û . P~ +< O_ î<
=` ~yH \ H =# ^~= K =K
~l :
H_ "k zH` K ` H" # ~< .
198
g..J~ :
=` = =i =`"x =^ HeyL# " [#
*u u H~}OQ =`= =` = #O_ (L) u~Q=#
=O k. g . P~ =`=~= OH=}, JkH ~H
@ =i HxH H_ " xH H~}=.
199
OH ^ i ~O .
U . .S .P~. JxX>x< H<iOQ Z< *O WOa@~
U .l .Z< .Z\ Q" ~ <~ \
U .J~.c .JxX >x< i~ H~
U .J~. Z . Z\ i# ~
U .g . . P~i g# .
c ..K . a#~< \ H ~ \
.U.._ . H O \ # JO| @ i i\x
_ .
. .._ . HO\# H H i\x _ e
.J~ .Z . HxH i# ~ (HxH H_ _l* CKD)
K ._. "_ e
J._ ._ ZO . W#e< _O_O\ _ \ "\
J .* .q . WO@~ AQ~ "~<
J .._ . WO@i>O\ i\x _ .
J .q . WO\ g# Q
ZO . . q ~ \OQ ~ `QO
Z<.S ._ ._ .ZO . << W#e< _O_O\ _ \ "\
. .Z< .Z . ~ >< < e` @q
._ . i\x _ .
.H ._ . eH H_ _r*
.Z .U . \ H ZO\*<
\.c . @~ H
\ ..P~. . \< ~ ` i*H< P \
.\ .J~ : i#i \H W<H <
g . .P~. =H L~\H ~ H
200

Kidney Book in Telugu

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Kidney Book in Telugu

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H_ ~Q O|OkOz# ~^"# O~ HO.

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

(C) =~} H_ O_+<

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

(C) =~} H_ O_+<

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

26. ~u _H `__= 172

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

H_ "^ , "\ H} =, ~Q x~~}

H_ "^ QiOz J, "\ QiOz

H_ iu kQ*~ O_ "\x O~HO K< LO

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

JO^=Q, K= Q, P~Q=Q LO_x Z=iO_^ ?

H_ QiOz `Hx H_ ~Qe PO_!

Free!!! 200 + Paged Kidney Book in 25+ Languages

P~Q"# H_ Q =H H =` q~# Z=Q#,

H_ H =Y x ~Hx k K s~O h~. P=

H_ H <Q sH H_ ~Q "^ =_= H#

=` sH J<k =` O_ ~Q x~#} J`O`

Qix ZH~ =i S.q.. sH K _^ .

JxO\ HO> Z=Q HxOK H_ ~Q=

i#s W<H < H JOi sH , JOi zH`

O LO@Ok. J~#\H = L# = =`O

D ~Q= ~ # =O^ ^~ "O@< zH` K

=`O \<, ~H _# O, _ \ H_ ~QxH H~}O.

[#= ~zOKH =_=, h~= , qH~=Q LO__=

=O^ f# `~ "` _ ~H= e=_=

<Q ~ O_ H_ z#qQ# zOK~#@Q#

K =Ok ~Q zH` OOkOz# J*#=,

=O^ ^~, P~ xO`} ^~ zH` K_= L^=

HxH H_ ~Q P~O ^ f< LK~= K

D ~Qx P_xH H_ _=_xH Q H~}

HxH H_ ~ ~ P~Qx iQ LOK_xH ~H=

"_ (_ "+< =` ~Hx k

1. _| "< H`@~ 2. Z.S.q. + =i 3. Q.

= Q, _ K~OKH< ~Q r=#= Z.S.q.

H_ ~Q ^= sH H~ H \x<, <Q, =`s H

H_ ~ = s=x " =i JkH h~ [=

"_e H _^H= =i H+ "#^?

"_ e ` = Y~` aOK XH ~H` =i

Z~_ =i H#~ ~Q H_ H_ H_ =i_ L Q_ = .

.Z. ._. HO\# ZO|Q@i i\x _ e J#Q

.Z. ._. H== ` O_

.Z. ._. ~Q JkH \< L#

OH=} KO^ O_ =O__xH f< *Q` .Z.

.Z. ._. H =Y [#O

P~ +< =O^ H_ ~ ~ ~Q J<H q^= #

H_ =i_ `~ "` OH=} #O_ H_ H=_xH Jx

H_ ~QO ~H _ # O J`O` JkHO J=@O =Y H~}OQ =O@Ok.

~< __ J~# ~y u "~Q _ J=HO ` =

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