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~'IiJ
1 eigyo-ka sales section 14 mit-tsu three See 14 26 go-nin five persons 37 yoko (N) beside, by
eigyo business, trade, sales 15 yot-tsu four See 14 27 hachi-nin eight persons 38 Ica,enda 'calendar' 39 mado window
oka section (smaller than -bu) 16 itsu-tsu five See 14 28 ka-cho section chief -cM' chief 40 soba (N) beside, close by
2 heya room 17 zenbu (N/Adv) all, whole 29 oku the end of a room, inner part 41 ,aHa 'locker'
3 ni in, at See 12 zenbu de in all 30 ue top; surface; upper part See 13 42 keisan-ki calculator, computer
4 doa 'door' 5 ga See 12 18 jO-go fifteen jO ten go five 31 ya and See 15 keisan calculation -ki machine
6 futa-tsu two See 14 19 isu chair 32 denwa telephone 43 -dai (Count. for machines) See 14
7 ar"u exist See 12 20 nan-nin how many people 33 -satsu (Count. for books) See 14 44 ushiro (N) back, rear
8 naka (N) inside 9 tsukue desk nan- (+Count.) how many; what 34 -bon =-hon, -pon (Count. for cylin- 45 to and See 15
10 takusan (N/Adv) many, much -nin (Count. for persons) See 14 drical things) See 14 46 man-naka center, middle
11 i"ru exist; stay See 12 21 ima now 22 hito-ri one person 35 sumi corner (seen from inside) man- =ma- at the height/center of
12 iku-tsu how many; how old (age) 23 futa-ri two persons cf. kado (corner from outside) 47 kokuban blackboard
See 14 24 san-nin three persons 36 hon-dana bookshelf 48 mae (N) before, front
13 hito-tsu one See 14 25 yo-nin four persons -dana =tana shelf 49 ...zutsu ...each

]1-1Ii 3 ft 7'"-7 No. 1-2-]5

.o:.......
 Dai 3-ka
r Lesson 3
Heya no Naka Inside the Room

DKokowa eigyo-ka no heya desu. n This is the sales section's room.

There are two doors to this room.
Konoheya niwa doa ga futa-tsuarimasu.
There are many desks in the room.
Heya no naka niwa tsukue ga takusan arimasu. There are also many people.
Hito mo takusan imasu.
f)-How many desks are there?
6- Tsukue wa iku-tsu arimasu ka? One, two, three, four, five There are fifteen in all.
There are also fifteen chairs.
Hito-tsu, futa-tsu, mit-tsu, yot-tsu, itsu-tsu...zenbu de jO-go arimasu.
-How many people are there?
Isu mo jO-goarimasu.
One, two, three, four, five There are eight persons here now.
-Hito wa nan-nin imasu ka?
Ima, hito-ri,futa-ri, san-nin, yo-nin,go-nin...hachi-ninimasu. IJ - Where is the Section Chief's desk?
Jt is in the back of the room. This is my desko
There are books, ball-point pens, and a telephone on the desko
II-Ka-cho-san no tsukue wa doko desu ka?
There are five books and three ball-point pens.
Heya no oku desu. Watashi no tsukue wa kore desu. There is a big b~okshelf in the corner of the room.
Tsukue no ue niwa, hon ya boru-penya denwa ga arimasu. There is a calendar next to the bookshelf.
Hon wa go-satsu, bOru-penwa san-bon arimasu. There are also some lockers near the window.

Heya no sumi ni okii hon-danaga arimasu. -How many computers are there?
There are three in all. There is one behind me, one in the middle of the room,
Sono yoko ni karendaga arimasu.
and one in front of that blackboard.
Mado no soba ni roHa mo arimasu.
-Keisan-ki wa nan-dai arimasu ka?
Zenbu de san-dai arimasu. Watashi no ushiroto heya no man-naka to
ANSWERS <pp. 40,41)
ano kokubanno mae ni ichi-daizutsu arimasu. I. (B) 1. (Tokei no migi ni) denwa ga arimasu. 2. (Teburu no ue ni) ringo to tabako ga
arimasu. 3. (Hana wa) terebi no ue ni arimasu. 4. (Hon wa) terebi no shita ni arimasu.
II. (B) 1. (Ki no shita ni) onna no ko ga imasu. 2. (Anata no yoko ni) Tomu to Jan ga
imasu. 3 (Taro wa) jidosha no naka ni imasu. 4. (Neko wa) isu no ue ni imasu. 5. (Tori
wa) ki no ue ni imasu.
IV. 1. Q: Bijutsu-kan wa doko ni arimasu ka? A: (Bijutsu-kan wa) koen no man-naka ni
arimasu. 2. Q: Tosho-kan wa dok o ni arimasu ka? A: (Tosho-kan wa) daigaku no soba ni
arimasu. 3. Q: Anata no kazoku wa dok o ni imasu ka? A: Watashi no kazoku wa Kanado
ni imasu. 4. Q: Byoin wa doko ni arimasu ka? A: (Byoin wa) yubin-kyoku no mae ni
arimasu. 5. Q: Ka-cho-san wa doko ni imasu ka? A: (Ka-cho-san wa) mado no soba ni imasu.

36-1/1 3 ft J7
 r
8)($ 14 How to Count Things or Persons (SeeAppendix)
Japanese has two different sets of Numerals: one native Japanese ('J' in the
12 Existence, Location, and Quantity table below) and the other of Chinese origin ('C' below). m
arimasu. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
N (inanimate)
ga (Quantity) .
I I I I I I I I I

(Location) .
{ N (ammate) } { Imasu. 'J' hito- Ma- rni- yo(n)- itsu- mu- nana- ya- kokono- to

'C' ichi ni san shi go roku shichi hachi ku/kyu ju

e.g. Koko ni denwa ga arimasu. 'Here is a telephone.'
Asoko ni gakusei ga imasu. 'There is a student over there.'
The ParticIe ni is attached to N denoting place and expresses the location of When actually counting things, it is necessary to combine 'C' Numerals (with

something that exists. Arimasu (Dictionary form aru) is used for inanimate a few exceptions) and what are caIIed Counters (or Counter-suffixes) depending

objects or abstract N such as books, telephones, problems, causes, etc., while upon the kind of thing to be counted. The Counters that are most commonly

imasu (Dictionary form iru) is used for living beings such as people, dogs, fish, used are the following:

birds, etc. -mai for thin, fiat objects Iike paper, plates, shirts, etc.
-hon for long, slender objects like trees, pencils, chalk, etc.
When the location or quantity of a particular thing or person is the focus
(h is replaced by p after I, 6 and 10, and by b after 3. See Appendix.)
of the sentence, the following pattern is used.
-satsu for books
N wa (Location) (Quantity) arimasu/imasu. -dai for automobiles, bicycles, typewriters, tape recorders, etc.
-hiki for smaII animals
e.g. Anata no tsukue wa doko ni arimasu ka? 'Where is your desk?'
-(Watashi no tsukue wa) koko ni arimasu. 'My desk is here.' -wa for birds (-pa after 6 and 10, and -ba after 3)
-nin for people

Exceptions: 'one person'=hito-ri; 'two -'=futa-ri; 'four -'=yo-nin

I3 Relative Position
When expressing numbers in the abstract, as in mathematics, the 'c' Numerals
ue 'on/over/above/on top of
alone are used. For things which are not cIearIy categorized or which are
shita 'under/beneath/below shapeless, the suffix -tsu is attached to the 'J' Numerals, e.g. stones, cups,
mae 'in front of
boxes, stars, ideas, problems, etc.
ushiro 'behind/at the back of
N no J ) ni N'
naka 'in/inside 15 Noun-conjoining Particles: to and ya
soto 'outside of
N I to N 2 to N 3 'N I, N2, and N3' (implying that these three things are
hidari 'to the left of
all that there are-'exhaustive')
migi 'to the right of
NI ya N 2 ya N 3 'NI, N2, and N3' (among others-'non-exhaustive')

38-1/131!11 39
 -..............

.a~ ANSWERS--->p.37 (8) Answer the following questions.

1. Ki no shita ni dare ga imasu ka?
I. Practice with the picture. 2. Watashi no yoko ni dare to dare I

(A) Locate the things in the picture (CD) as shown in the examples. ga imasu ka?
I. Tsukue no mae ni isu ga arimasu. 3. Tar6 wa doko ni imasu ka?
2. Tsukue no ue ni denwa ya tokei 4. Nekol8 wa doko ni imasu ka?
ya enpitsu1 ga arimasu. 3. Denwa no 5. Torj19wa doko ni imasu ka?
hidari2 ni tokei ga arimasu. 4. Ringo3 ..... fII'f.A
fi/J"'.
no migi4 ni tabako ga arimasu.
5. Mado no soba ni terebi5 to teburu6 III. Practice with the pictures (CD,@).
ga arimasu. (A) Practice the following sentences.

.--.-....--.----- 6. Terebi no shita7 ni kamera ga ari- 1. Denwa ga ichi-dai arimasu. 2. Kami20ga ni-mai21arimasu.
masu. 3. Ki wa zenbu de nan-bon arimasu ka? -Rop-pon arimasu.
(8) Answer the following questions. 4. Inu wa nan-biki22imasu ka? -Ni-hiki imasu.
1. Tokei no migi ni nani8 ga arimasu ka? (8) Make questions such as the following and answer them.
2. Teburuno ue ni nani ga arimasu ka? Q: Ringo wa iku-tsu arimasu ka? -A: Itsu-tsu arimasu.
3. Hana wa doko ni arimasu ka?
IV. Make dialogs as shown in the example.
4. Hon wa doko ni arimasu ka?
Ex. Q: (anata no kaisha) Anata no kaisha wa doko ni arimasu ka?
II. Practice with the picture (@). A: (in Tokyo) Watashi no kaisha wa T6ky6 ni arimasu.
(A) Locate the people or animals in the picture. 1. Q: (bijutsu-kan) A: (in the middle of the park23)
1. D6ro9 no soba ni kodomolo ga imasu. 2. Q: (tosho-kan) A: (beside the university)
2. KiII no shita ni onna no k012ga imasu. 3. Jid6sha no naka ni Tar6 ga 3. Q: (anata no kazoku24) A: (in Canada)

imasu. 4. Jid6sha no ushiro ni inul3 ga imasu. 5. Okii ki to chiisai ki no 4. Q: (by6in) A: (in front of the post offic~)
aidal4 ni otokol5 no ko ga imasu. 6. Tomuto Jonl6 no aida ni watashi ga 5. Q: (ka-ch6-san) A: (by the window)
imasu. 7. Watashi no tonari'7 ni Tomuga imasu.
aB1'ij
I enpitsu pencil 8 nani what 9 dDro road 15 otoku man, male (person) 20 kami paper
2 hidari (N) left 3 ringo apple 10 kodomo child(ren) otoko no ko boy 21 .mai sheet (Coun!. for thin, fiat
4 migi (N) right II ki tree, wood 16 Jon 'John' objects) See 14
5 tereb; 'television' 12 ko =kodomo child(ren) 17 tonari (N) (sitting/standing/living/ 22 -biki = .hiki, .piki (Count. for small
6 teburu 'table' on na no ko girl placing) next (to...) animals)
7 shita (N) under, beneath 13 inu dog 14 aida (N) between 18 neko cat 19 tori bird 23 kDen park 24 kazoku family

~o-. 3II T-? No. 1-2~1

 .--
I

.~i! shOshol9 desu.

What is your hobby? -Stamps are my younger
-Golf. sister's hobby too. -Watashi no imoto no shumi ma
Are there any golf We have all kinds of
courses in Japan? beautirul and rarestamps E]
at home. kitte desu. Uchi niwa kirei-na kitte ya
ANATA NO SHUMI WA? -Yes, there are many.
There are about 800. Is that so? By the way,
Really! Thats a lot. how old is your younger mezurashij2kitte ga iroiro21 arimasu.
Where are you a member? sister?
-Hakone Country Club. -Sixteen. She is a high 50 desu ka. Tokorode, imoto-san wa
Anata no shumP wa nan desu ka? About how many yards is school student.
it? This is a picture or my iku-tsu desu ka?
-Gorufu2 desu. -7,500. younger sister.
Big, isn't it? My, what a pretty sister! -JO-roku-sai22 desu. Koko-sei23 desu.
Nippon niwa gorufu-j03 ga arimasu ka? About how many caddies -No, not really.
are there? Do you have a younger
-About 150. sister too? Kore wa imoto no shashin desu.
-E, takusan arimasu yo. They are all good cad- No, I have two younger
dies. brothers_ H024..., kirei-na imoto-san desu ne. . ..
Hap-pyaku4 gurai arimasu. Are all of them male We are three brothers.
caddies? My immediately younger _lya25... sore hodo26 demo arimasen.
Hoho,5 oi6 desu ne. -No. Caddies are usually brother is 25 years old.
women in Japan. My youngest brother is Anata nimo27 imoto-san ga imasu ka?
Anata wa doko no menbeF desu ka? By the way, is your hob- stilI a student.
by golf too? - What university (is he
going to)?
lie, otOto ga futa-ri imasu.
-Hakone8 Kantori Kurabu9 desu. No, my hobby is stamp-
collecting. University of London.
His hobby is music. Watashi-tachi wa san-nin kyodai28desu.
Nan-ydolO gurai arimasu ka?
~1;J
Watashi no tsugi no otOto wa ni-jO-go-
-Nana-sen-go-hyaku 11 desu. I shumi hobby 18 tokorode By the way
2 gorufu 'golf' 19 shOshO (Nv) collection sai29 desu.
Okii desu ne. 3 gorufu-jo golf course 20 mezurashi. i rare
4 hap-pyaku 800 21 iroiro (N/Nal Adv) 5hita no ototo wa mada30gakusei desu.
Kyadil2 wa nan-nin gurai imasu ka? -pyaku = -hyaku, -byaku variety, several kinds
hundred 22 jO-roku-sai 16 years old -Doko no daigaku desu ka?
-Hyaku-go-jO-ninI3 gurai desu. 5 Hoho I see -sai age,.. .old
23 koko-sei high school
6
7
o'i many; much
menba 'member' student koko= koto-
Rondon Daigakudesu.
Minal4 ijl5 kyadi desu.
8 Hakone (a place name) gakko high school -sei
9 kantor; kurabu 'country student Kare no shumi wa ongaku31desu.
Mina otoko no kyadi desu ka? c1ub' 24 Ho I see
10 yado 'yard' 25 Iya well, no...
-lie, Nippon dewal6 kyadi wa taitei17 II nana-sen-go-hyaku 7,500 26 ...hodo degree See 104
-sen= -zen thousand sore hodo to that
onna desu. 12 kyadi 'caddie' degree
13 hyaku-go-jO-nin 150 per- 27 ni with See 12, 68
Tokorode,18
anatano shumi ma gorufu sons 28 kyodai brothers and/or
14 mina=minna (NfAdv) all sisters
desu ka? 15 ii=yo'i good 29 ni-jO-go-sai 25 years old
16 de in, at 30 mada stili See 25
17 taitei (NfAdv) mostly 31 ongaku music
lie, watashi no shumi wa kitte no
42-1/1311 7-7' No. 1-2-13
 ~

* * *

j; !;l j; T ~KATAKANA} :7:/:;t radio /~ / bread

E1
!J;7'/'- taxi 1::'- /t..- beer
1. Katakana is now used primarily for writing loan words (except Chinese)
v::1- F' record, disc :/ :;1..- 7-. juice
and foreign names. Hs orthographical rules are the same as those mentioned on
j].J:7 camera -tj-/ r 1 'Y 7- sandwich
page 33, except for rule 3. Long vowels are expressed by - in katakana.
matches / -- r notebook
"''Y7-
'news' ::':;1..-7-. (nyusu)
'/'/ sewing machine ;f - /t..---.z/ ball-point pen
'coffee' ::1-e.- (koh;)
7-;7 fork, folk '7 1 '/' ,.. '/ white shirt
'elevator' =v",,",,-!J- (erebeta)
7' v -tt/ r present, gift 31 1 7':7 1 31 - typewriter
2. Because of the phonetic characters in Japanese, some foreign pronunciations e.' / ;f- / ping-pong 7 - 7' v ::1 - 31" - ta pe recorder
cannot be transliterated properly. Vowels are inserted into consonant clusters and =f"!J - guitar /~ 1 :;t ~ / violin
added when a foreign word ends in any consonant except n. e.' 7 / piano T' /~ - r department store
'street 7-.r~-r (s~t~rit(~)
* * *
'Christmas' ;7~7,"'7-. (k~ris~mas~)
Some sounds which are different in a foreign language, I and r for example, 7 :/ 7 Asia 7 7 ~ j] Africa
are expressed as the same sound in Japanese. 7 .I ~ j] America '3 - 12 'Y /~ Europe
'locker' P'Yj]- (rokka)
!J 1 Thailand 1::'/t..-'" Burma
'rocket P7"'Yr (roketto)
--( / r India 1 / r;f. '/' 7 Indonesia
'ballet /;: v- (bare)
-< v-'/'7 Malaysia 7 -1 1) e.' / Philippines
'volleyball' / v - ;f - /t..- (bareb6ru)
7 :7 / 7-. France r 1 '/ Germany
'bus'
/ A (basu) 1 =f" ~ 7-. England 7-. '7 "'-- T'/ Sweden
'bath' }
j] T 31" Canada ::. :;1..
- :/ - :7 / r New Zealand
3. Long words are often abbreviated. * - 7-.r :7 ~ 7 Australia 7 /t..-~' / 7- / Argentina
'television' 7 vI::' (terebi) .J=\'-,/,::1 Mexico 7" :7 :/ /t..- Brazil

'building' 1::'/t..- (biru) .:f::7-.;7'7 Moscow '7 '/' / r / Washington

'demonstration' T' (demo) P/r/ London :;1../ '" / Munich

'strike' (walkout) 7-. r (suto) / -",,",,/t..- Nobel 7" :7 / :/ "'- 12 Michelangelo

'mass communication' '" 7,::1 ~ (masukomi) '/' 3 / / Chopin 7':7 r / Plato

7'-7 Goethe r /t..-7-. r 1 Tolstoy

U-1fi3R '7-7 No. 1-2-~5

.......