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Design of Hyd. Cylinders PDF
Design of Hyd. Cylinders PDF
Every project has specific dimensions & every dimension value needs
calculations as we have studied the different parts of the project hydronus now its
time to calculate the excite dimensions of the project
=> = F
A
Where.,
R = radius of the piston rod,
= stress,
A = area of the piston head.
But, A = R2
This means that 20.4 tones is that 20.4 tones is the last limit of our piston rod. But our
aim is to design the hydraulic cylinder which can easily with stand with 3 to 5 tones.
Pressure = Force
Area
Pressure = Force
Area
=> Force = 5 tonnes
We know,
1tonnes = 1000 kg
=> force = 5000 kg.
Again, we know
1 kg force = 9.81N
Force = 9.81 x 5000N
Since the internal dia meter of the barrel is 40 mm as per design. Now we have to
calculate the outer diameter of the barrel.
Inner radius = r1 = Di = 40 = 20 mm
2 2
i.e.
(20)2
Also,
=> r = b - a
(ri)2
=> b - a = 100
(20)2
r at inner radius is equal to 100 N/mm2
=> 2b = 510
(20)2
and,
=> r = 102000 - 115
r2
Now the barrel was must be strong enough to absorve all the stress such that the stress
at the outer surface of the barrel must be zero.
i.e.
=> r = o (at radious ro)
The base should be design with such specifications so that it can easily with stand
with the maximum pressure exerted by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The force
exerted by the horizontal cylinder should be less than tones as per our design
considerations sour aim is to find the thickness of the channel used to design the base
Where,
a = side of outer square
b = side of inner square
let a = 80 mm & b = 70 mm
Therefore wall thickness of channel
=> t = a-b = 80-70 = 10 mm
2 2 2 2
=> t = 5mm
= 32.7 N/mm2
= 32.7 MPa
Since the above calculated stress is very much less than the ultimate tensile stress of
mild steel SA36 i.e. 407.7 MPa so our design is within the safe unit.
Since a cut of 20 mm is given therefore area on which full load will act will be as
under:-
Therefore area of shaded portion
A = 80 x 60 - 70 x 55
=> A = 950 mm2
Also,
Stress = Force
Area
Force = 5 tonne
we know,
1 Tonne = 1000 KG
1 Kg = 9.81 N
Which is less than ultimate compressive stress of mild steel SA 36 i.e. 407.7 MPa
therefore our design is completely safe.
LH = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + Stock
=> LH = 10 + 25 + 30 + 10 + 250
=> LH = 325 mm
Where
t1 = thickness of the end cap
t2 = thickness of the bush
t3 = thickness of the cylinder head
t4 = thickness of the top tap inside the cylinder head
=> LV = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + Stock
=> LV = 10 + 25 + 30 + 10 + 120 = 195 mm
=> LV = 195mm
=> LH = 325 mm
Where
t1 = thickness of the end cap
t2 = thickness of the bush
t3 = thickness of the cylinder head
t4 = thickness of the top tap inside the cylinder head
=> VN = (dH)2 x SH
4
Where,
VN = Stock volume of horizontal cylinder.
dH = Inner diameter of Horizontal cylinder
SH = Stock length of horizontal cylinder
dH = 40 mm
Sh = 350 mm
VH = (40)2 x 350 mm
4
= II x 5,60,000 mm3
4
= 439822.97 mm2
= 4.398 x 10-4 MS
We know1
1 L = 1 dm3
And
=> (1 dm)3 = (10 cm)3
=> 1 L = 1000 cm3
=> ( 1 cm ) = { 1 m }3
3
100
=> 1 L = 1000 x 1 M3
(100)3
=> 1 L = 1000 M3
1000000
Let,
VV = stock volume for vertical cylinder
dv = inner diameter of vertical cylinder
SV = stock length of vertical cylinder
=> VV = (dv)2 x sv
4
Here,
dV = 40 mm
VV = (40)2 x 120 mm
4
VV = x 192000
4
VV = 150796.44 MM3
We know
1 mm3 = ( 1 )3 M3
1000
VV = 1.50796 x 10-4 M3
We know,
1 m3 = 1000 L
VV = 1.50796 x 10-4 x 1000 L
VV = 0.150796 L
Or,
=> VV = 150.796 mL
=> VV = 151 mL
Therefore the net amount of oil required to drive both hydraulic cylinder is.
VNet = VH + VS
= (445 + 155) mL
= 595 mL
VNet = 600 mL approx.
= 3.53 x 10-4 m3
=> 1M3 = 1000 L
=> VV = 3.55 x 104 x 1000 L
=> VV = 0.35342 L
Or,
=> VV = 353.42 ML
=> VV = 354 ML approx.
V = VH + VV + VP + VR
Where,
VR = Reserve oil in tank
= 1000 ml for being in safe unit.
=> V = 440 + 155 + 354 + 1000
=> V = 1949 ml
=> V = 2L approx.