THI TH TRUNG HC PH THNG QUC GIA NM 2017 - whistle

1A
battle [countable, uncountable] a fight between armies, ships or planes, especially during
a war; a violent fight between groups of people / fight, conflict, armed conflict
the battle of Waterloo to be killed in battle
gentle kind, kindly, tender
Opposite unkind, brutal, savage, cruel
2D
wicked adj morally bad
SYNONYM EVIL a wicked deed
stories about a wicked witch
sacred adj connected with God or a god; considered to be holy / holy
a sacred image/shrine/temple sacred music
Cows are sacred to Hindus.
beloved by/of somebody loved very much by somebody; very popular with somebody
the deep purple flowers so beloved by artists
She was beloved by all who knew her.
3A
integral adj being an essential part of something / essential, fundamental, basic
Music is an integral part of the school's curriculum.
integral to something Practical experience is integral to the course.
4C
cosmopolitan adj containing people of different types or from different countries, and
influenced by their culture
a cosmopolitan city/resort
The club has a cosmopolitan atmosphere.
appreciative (of something) feeling or showing that you are grateful for something /
grateful for, thankful for
The company was very appreciative of my efforts.
gratitude (to somebody) (for something) I would like to express my gratitude to
everyone for their hard work.
appreciate [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses) to be grateful for
something that somebody has done; to welcome something
appreciate something I'd appreciate some help.
Your support is greatly appreciated.
5B
bothersome adj (old-fashioned) causing trouble or difficulty
Synonym annoying
 flesh [uncountable] the soft substance between the skin and bones of animal or human
bodies
The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit's flesh.
Tigers are flesh-eating animals.
larva (pl. larvae) an insect at the stage when it has just come out of an egg and looks like
a short fat worm / u trng
feed off sth/feed on sth (of an animal) to eat something
Butterflies feed on the flowers of garden plants.
6
diagnose to say exactly what an illness or the cause of a problem is
diagnose (something) The test is used to diagnose a variety of diseases.
diagnose something as something The illness was diagnosed as cancer.
diagnose somebody with something He has recently been diagnosed with
angina.
diagnose somebody (as) something He was diagnosed (as) a diabetic when he
was 64.
diagnose somebody + adj./noun He was diagnosed (a) diabetic.
assure to make something certain to happen
SYNONYM GUARANTEE
assure something Victory would assure a place in the finals.
assure somebody something Victory would assure them a place in the finals.
cure remedy, therapy, treatment
7A
leash (especially North American English) (British English also lead) a long piece of
leather, chain or rope used for holding and controlling a dog
All dogs must be kept on a leash in public places.
Once she was away from the road, she could let the dogs off the leash.
8B
phenomenon (pl. phenomena) a fact or an event in nature or society, especially one that
is not fully understood / occurrence, event, happening
cultural/natural/social phenomena
Globalization is a phenomenon of the 21st century.
9D
turn out to be discovered to be; to prove to b
turn out that It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.
turn out to be/have something The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
delay detain, hold up, make late, retard
delay postpone, put off, defer
10 B
grateful thankful, appreciative
eternally forever
11 C
mention to write or speak about something/somebody, especially without giving much
information
mention something/somebody (to somebody) Nobody mentioned anything to
me about it.
mention something/somebody as something/somebody His name has been
mentioned as a future MP.
mention where, why, etc Did she mention where she was going?
mention that You mentioned in your letter that you might be moving abroad.
mention doing something Did I mention going to see Vicky on Sunday?
concern worried and feeling concern about something / worried, anxious, disturbed,
apprehensive
Concerned parents held a meeting.
concerned about/for something The President is deeply concerned about this
issue.
concerned for something He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.
concerned (that) She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get
lost.
concerned (about/with something) interested in something
They were more concerned with how the other women had dressed than with what
the speaker was saying.
12 D
expert specialist, authority, professional
13 C
part and parcel of sth an essential part of something
Keeping the accounts is part and parcel of my job.
chalk and cheese (British English) if two people or things are like chalk and cheese or
as different as chalk and cheese, they are completely different from each other
Frank and I will never get along. Were chalk and cheese.
odds and ends (British English also odds and sods) [plural] (informal) small items that
are not valuable or are not part of a larger set
She spent the day sorting through a box full of odds and ends.
I've got a few odds and ends (= small jobs) to do before leaving.
14 D
take effect to start to produce the results that are intended
The aspirins soon take effect.
influence effect, impact
15 A
make a, no, some, etc difference (to/in sb/sth) to have an effect/no effect on
somebody/something
The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
 Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.
protest objection, complaint, disapproval, disagreement, opposition
Opposite support, approval
16 D 17 B 18 C
bring sth in to introduce a new law
They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.
19 C
on end for the stated length of time, without stopping
He would disappear for weeks on end
20 B
absurd adj completely ridiculous; not logical and sensible
SYNONYM RIDICULOUS
That uniform makes the guards look absurd.
Of course it's not true, what an absurd idea.
no doubt used when you are saying that something is certainly true
He's made some great movies. There's no doubt about it.
you bet! (informal) used instead of yes to emphasize that somebody has guessed
something correctly or made a good suggestion
Are you nervous? You bet!
22 D
announcement statement, report, declaration, proclamation
to make an announcement
public service [uncountable] the government and government departments / ngnh dn
chnh (trong chnh ph)
to work in public service
public service workers
regulation [countable, usually plural] an official rule made by a government or some
other authority
too many rules and regulations
fire/safety/building, etc. regulations
qualify [intransitive, transitive] to have or give somebody the right to do something
qualify (for something) If you live in the area, you qualify for a parking permit..
qualify somebody (for something) Paying a fee doesn't automatically qualify
you for membership
23 D
simple adj [only before noun] (of a person) ordinary; not special
I'm a simple country girl.
kind-hearted adj kind and generous
24 A
chance adj accidental
deliberate intentional, done on purpose, intended, planned
25 B
critical
Opposite complimentary
critical crucial, vital, essential, decisive
intolerant (of somebody/something) (disapproving) not willing to accept ideas or ways
of behaving that are different from your own
OPPOSITE TOLERANT
She was intolerant of others who were less efficient than her.
He was deeply intolerant of all opposition.
tired worn out, exhausted, fatigued, weary
Opposite energetic, fresh, wide awake
26 C
worthwhile adj important, enjoyable, interesting, etc.; worth spending time, money or
effort on / rewarding
It was in aid of a worthwhile cause (= a charity, etc.)
worthwhile for somebody to do something High prices in the UK make it
worthwhile for buyers to look abroad.
worthwhile to do something It is worthwhile to include really high-quality
illustrations.
worthwhile doing something It didn't seem worthwhile writing it all out again.
27 C 28 A 29 B 30 D
amused adj thinking that somebody/something is funny, so that you smile or laugh
There was an amused look on the President's face.
amused at/by something We were all amused at his stories.
amused to see, find, learn, etc. He was amused to see how seriously she took the
game.
Cloze test
fall into sth to be able to be divided into something
My talk falls naturally into three parts.
category class, group
purely adv only; completely
I saw the letter purely by chance.
The charity is run on a purely voluntary basis.
informational adj [only before noun] giving facts or details about somebody/something
the informational content of a book
the informational role of the media
narrative adj [only before noun] (formal) describing events or telling a story
narrative fiction a narrative poem
31 A want
for (the) want of sth because of a lack of something; because something is not available
The project failed for want of financial backing.
 We call our music postmodern for the want of a better word.
term [countable] a word or phrase used as the name of something, especially one
connected with a particular type of language
a technical/legal/scientific, etc. term
a term of abuse
anecdotal adj based on anecdotes and possibly not true or accurate/ c tnh cht chuyn
vt, c tnh cht giai thoi
anecdotal evidence
Anecdotal evidence suggests there were irregularities at the polling station on the
day of the election.
anecdote U C a short, interesting or amusing story about a real person or event
amusing anecdotes about his brief career as an actor
The book is a rich store of anecdote.
boundary a real or imagined line that marks the limits or edges of something and
separates it from other things or places; a dividing line
national boundaries (British English) county boundaries
boundary changes/disputes
32 B blurred
blur [intransitive, transitive] if the shape or outline of something blurs, or if
something blurs it, it becomes less clear and sharp / (lm cho ci g) tr nn khng r
rng hoc khng mch lc
The writing blurred and danced before his eyes.
blur something The mist blurred the edges of the buildings.
mist (something) (up) | mist (over) vi vt when something such as glass mists or is
misted, it becomes covered with very small drops of water, so that it is impossible to see
through it / che m
The windows were misted up with condensation.
As he came in from the cold, his glasses misted up.
blend mix, mingle, combine
sketchy adj (North American English, informal) that people consider to be dishonest or
bad
a sketchy neighborhood
He was a man with a sketchy past and even sketchier morals.
genre (formal) particular type or style of literature, art, film or music that you can
recognize because of its special features

pigeon-hole USUALLY DISAPPROVING to have an often unfair idea of what type someone
or something is

He is a film producer who can't be conveniently pigeonholed.

33 B mixture
 merger C the act of joining two or more organizations or businesses into one
merger (between/of A and B) a merger between the two banks
merger (with something) our proposed merger with the university
cross (between A and B) C, usu. sing. a mixture of two different things, breeds of
animal, etc.
The play was a cross between a farce and a tragedy.
A mule is a cross between a horse and a donkey
34 A counts
bear doing something I can't bear having cats in the house.
bear to do something He can't bear to be laughed at.
bear somebody doing something I can't bear you doing that.
signify [transitive] to be a sign of something
SYNONYM MEAN
signify something This decision signified a radical change in their policies.
signify that This mark signifies that the products conform to an approved
standard.
readable adj (of a book, an article, etc.) that is easy, interesting and enjoyable to read
a highly readable account of life in prison
More examples would have made the explanation more readable.
35 made
(be) made for sb/each other to be completely suited to somebody/each other
Peter and Judy seem made for each other, don't they?
Passage 1
1
profound adj very great; felt or experienced very strongly
profound changes in the earths climate
My father's death had a profound effect on us all.
effect result, consequence, outcome
colon (anatomy) the main part of the large intestine (= part of the bowels)
prone adj likely to suffer from something or to do something bad
SYNONYM LIABLE
prone to something prone to injury
prone to do something Tired drivers were found to be particularly prone to
ignore warning signs
contract something (formal or medical) to get an illness
to contract AIDS/a virus/a disease
characteristic (of something/somebody) very typical of something or of somebodys
character
She spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.
2
commonly adv usually; very often; by most people
 Christopher is commonly known as Kit.
commonly held opinions
This is one of the most commonly used methods.
preserve conserve, protect, maintain
Opposite damage, neglect
additive a substance that is added in small amounts to something, especially food, in
order to improve it, give it colour, make it last longer, etc.
food additives
The classification of additives by E number is made under an EU directive.
carcinogenic adj likely to cause cancer
the carcinogenic effects of some pesticides used on fruit
3
cattle (plural) cows and bulls that are kept as farm animals for their milk or meat
a herd of cattle twenty head of cattle (= twenty cows)
dairy/beef cattle
poultry [plural] chickens, ducks and geese, kept for their meat or eggs
to keep poultry poultry farming
administer [often passive] (formal) to give drugs, medicine, etc. to somebody
administer something Police believe his wife could not have administered the
poison.
administer something to somebody The dose was administered to the child
intravenously.
medicinal adj helpful in the process of healing illness or infection
medicinal herbs/plants medicinal properties/use
practice custom, procedure
4
detrimental (to somebody/something) (formal) harmful
SYNONYM DAMAGING, harmful
the suns detrimental effect on skin
The policy will be detrimental to the peace process.
Opposite benign, beneficial
benign adj not causing damage or harm
The industry's environmental impact is relatively benign, even positive.
environmentally benign cleaning products
ingest something (specialist) to take food, drugs, etc. into your body, usually by
swallowing
Food is the major source of ingested bacteria.
Grazing animals ingest dioxins through eating contaminated plants.
well-meaning adj intending to do what is right and helpful but often not succeeding / c
thin ch, c tt
SYNONYM WELL INTENTIONED
 a well-meaning attempt to be helpful
He's very well meaning.
36 C
do sb a disservice to do something that harms somebody and the opinion that other
people have of them
The ministers comments do teachers a great disservice.
preserve conserve, protect, maintain
Opposite damage, neglect
concerning about, regarding, relating to, relevant to, with regard to, as regards
potentially adv used to say that something may develop into something
SYNONYM possibly
a potentially dangerous situation
virtually more or less, practically, almost, nearly
37
prone adj likely to suffer from something or to do something bad
SYNONYM LIABLE
prone to something prone to injury
prone to do something Tired drivers were found to be particularly prone to
ignore warning signs
predispose somebody to something to make it likely that you will suffer from a
particular illness / a n, dn n, khin phi chu, lm cho ai c kh nng mc ci g
Stress can predispose people to heart attacks.
supine adj (disapproving) not willing to act or disagree with somebody because you are
lazy or morally weak / u oi, khng hot ng; t ra thiu ngh lc, t ra li bing
(khng hot ng)
the supine attitude of some of our politicians
38 D
preserve conserve, protect, maintain
Opposite damage, neglect
flavor [uncountable] how food or drink tastes
SYNONYM TASTE
The tomatoes give extra flavour to the sauce.
It is stronger in flavour than other Dutch cheeses.
object purpose, objective, aim, goal, target, end
39 B 40 A
additive a substance that is added in small amounts to something, especially food, in
order to improve it, give it colour, make it last longer, etc.
food additives
The classification of additives by E number is made under an EU directive.
benign adj not causing damage or harm
The industry's environmental impact is relatively benign, even positive.
 environmentally benign cleaning products
41C
potential adj [only before noun] that can develop into something or be developed in the
future
SYNONYM POSSIBLE
potential customers a potential source of conflict
42 C
injurious (to somebody/something) (formal) causing or likely to cause harm or damage
SYNONYM DAMAGING
injurious to health injurious effects
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has
made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods
unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are
related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the
colon. People of different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of the
characteristic foods they consume.
That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized
that nitrates and nitrites (commonly used to preserve color in meats) as well as other food
additives caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes
more difficult all the time to know which ingredients on the packaging labels of processed food
are helpful or harmful.
The additives that we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to cattle and poultry,
and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar
drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The
farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market.
Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these
procedures, the practices continue.
A healthy diet is directly related to good health. Often we are unaware of detrimental substances
we ingest. Sometimes well-meaning farmers or others who do not realize the consequences add
these substances to food without our knowledge.
Question 36: How has science done a disservice to people?
A. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.
B. It caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances have been added to
our food.
D. Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually eradicated.
Question 37: The word prone is nearest in meaning to __________.
A. supine B. unlikely C. predisposed D. healthy
Question 38: What are nitrates used for?
A. They preserve flavor in packaged foods. B. They cause the animals to become fatter.
C. They are the objects of research. D. They preserve the color of meats.
Question 39: The word these refers to ____________.
A. researchers B. nitrates and nitrites C. meats D. colors
Question 40: The word additives is closest in meaning to ________________.
A. added substances B. benign substances C. dangerous substances D. natural substances
Question 41: All of the following statements are true EXCEPT_____________.
A. Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for more than forty-five
years.
B. Food may cause forty percent of the cancer in the world.
C. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.
D. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living
animals.
Question 42: What is the best title for this passage?
A. Harmful and Harmless Substances in Food B. Improving Health through a Natural Diet
C. The Food You Eat Can Affect Your Health D. Avoiding Injurious Substances in Food
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Psychologists have debated a long time about whether a childs upbringing can give it
the ability to do outstandingly well. Some think that it is impossible to develop genius and say
that it is simply something a person is born with. Others, however, argue that the potential
for great achievement can be developed. The truth lies somewhere between these two
extremes.
It seems very obvious that being born with the right qualities from gifted parents will increase a
childs ability to do well. However, this ability will be fully realized only with the right
upbringing and opportunities. As one psychologist says, To have a fast car, you need both a
good engine and fuel.
Scientists have recently assessed intelligence, achievement, and ability in 50 sets of
identical twins that were separated shortly after birth and brought up by different parents.
They found that achievement was based on intelligence, and later influenced by the childs
environment. One case involving very intelligent twins was quoted. One of the twins received
a normal upbringing, and performed well. The other twin, however, was brought up by
extremely supportive parents and given every possible opportunity to develop its abilities. That
twin, though starting out with the same degree of intelligence as the other, performed even better.
This case reflects the general principle of intelligence and ability. The more favorable the
environment, the more a childs intelligence and ability are developed. However, there is no
link between intelligence and the socioeconomic level of a childs family. In other words, it does
not matter how poor or how rich a family is, as this does not affect intelligence.
Gifted people cannot be created by supportive parents, but they can be developed by them. One
professor of music said that outstanding musicians usually started two or three years earlier than
ordinary performers, often because their parents had recognized their ability. These musicians
then needed at least ten years hard work and training in order to reach the level they were
capable of attaining. People who want to have very gif ted children are given the following
advice:
- Marry an intelligent person.
- Allow children to follow their own interests rather than the interests of the parents.
- Start a childs education early but avoid pushing the child too hard.
- Encourage children to play; for example, playing with musical instruments is essential for a
child who wants to become an outstanding musician.
Question 43: The upbringing of highly intelligent children requires __________.
A. an expensive education B. good musical instruments
C. parental support and encouragement D. wealthy and loving parents
Question 44: The word others used in the first paragraph refers to_________.
A. other people B. other scientists C. other children D. other geniuses
Question 45: When scientists studied intelligence and ability in twins, they found
that__________.
A. ability depends mainly on intelligence and achievement
B. intelligence and development are irrelevant to ability
C. ability depends both on intelligence and on environment
D. different twins generally have different levels of ability
Question 46: Scientists chose twins for their study because__________.
A. each twin has the same environment as his/her twin
B. they are born into the same family, hence the same upbringing
C. they have the same economic background and hence the same opportunities
D. they have the same genetic background, usually with similar intelligence
Question 47: How were great musicians different from ordinary musicians in their development?
A. Their ability was realized at an early stage and then nurtured.
B. They practice playing their instruments for many years.
C. They concentrated on music to the exclusion of other areas.
D. They were exceptionally intelligent and artistic.
Question 48: The remark: To have a fast car, you need both a good engine and fuel. in the
passage means that in order to become a genius _________.
A. you need to have good health and good nourishment
B. you need intelligence and you need to develop it
C. you should try to move quickly and efficiently
D. you must nourish your brain and train your muscles hard
Question 49: The word favorable in the passage mostly means_________.
A. good for someone and making him/her likely to be successful
B. helping somebody to be more intelligent compared to other people
C. of high quality or an acceptable standard
D. under the control or in the power of somebody else
Question 50: All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ________.
A. a childs intelligence is influenced by that of his/ her parents
B. to become successful, a child needs both native intelligence and development
C. studying different twins is a useful scientific procedure
D. educational development depends completely on economic well-being