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Optimizing Low Loss Connections in TRX Systems

The free space path loss equation in decibel form is derived from Friis' transmission formula. By setting transmitter and receiver gains, transmitted power, and loss factor to 1, Friis' equation can be simplified and converted to logarithmic form to arrive at the path loss equation of 32.44 + 20log(d) + 20log(f), where d is the distance in kilometers and f is the frequency in MHz. This equation describes the path loss between an antenna transmitter and receiver in free space over distance d at frequency f.

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Pita Kemboi
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60 views2 pages

Optimizing Low Loss Connections in TRX Systems

The free space path loss equation in decibel form is derived from Friis' transmission formula. By setting transmitter and receiver gains, transmitted power, and loss factor to 1, Friis' equation can be simplified and converted to logarithmic form to arrive at the path loss equation of 32.44 + 20log(d) + 20log(f), where d is the distance in kilometers and f is the frequency in MHz. This equation describes the path loss between an antenna transmitter and receiver in free space over distance d at frequency f.

Uploaded by

Pita Kemboi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Low Loss Connection

Done to a cell with One or two TRXs which is experiencing coverage problems.

Bypassing the Wide Band Combiner (WBC) Stage, and taking each signal from a TRX
directly to the Antenna implements the Low Loss Connection. A WBC combines signals
from two or more sources (TRXs) onto a single Antenna. The Combiner stage causes the
loss by the transmitted signal power. If a cell has a coverage problem, the combiner
stage is bypassed - Low Loss Connection - to improve the Transmitted Signal level by
about 3 dB.

If a cell has more than two TRXs then the combiner stage is inevitable meaning that Low
Loss Connection cannot be implemented.

Low loss Connection is not a standard configuration; a cell with only one TRX will not
have Low Loss by Default. As such, it is done to optimize Network Performance.
Derivation of free space path loss equation in decibel form from Friis'
equation

The free space path loss equation in decibel form is:

Free space loss (dB) = 32.44 + 20 log f (MHz) + 20 log d (km)

and Friis' equation is:

Set the transmitter and receiver gains, the transmitter power and the loss factor equal to 1,
because they don't have any effect on the signal travelling through the air, which gives
you:

PR = 2 / 16 . 2 . d2

PR = [ / 4 . . d]2

substituting = c / f

PR = [c / 4 . . d . f]2

substitute f in MHz, d in km and c in m/s:

PR = [3 . 108 / (4 . . d . 103 . f . 106)]2

PR = [3 / (40 . . d. . f)]2

converting this to logarithmic form:

PR (dB) = 20 log [3 / (40 . . d. . f)]

but loss is negative gain, so invert the equation to give:

Path loss (dB) = 20 log [40 . . d. . f / 3]

Path loss (dB) = 20 log (40 . / 3) + 20 log d + 20 log f

Path loss (dB) = 32.44 + 20 log d (km) + 20 log f (MHz)

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