CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP

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Phng php kim tra cu trc

kim tng
Page | 1

Gang cu cn c gi l gang bn cao c than ch dng cu nh bin tnh bng cc nguyn t Mg,
Ce v cc nguyn t t him. Gang cu l loi gang c bn cao nht trong cc loi gang do than
ch dng cu trn, b ngoi cng c mu xm ti nh gang xm. V khi nhn b ngoi khng th
phn bit hai loi gang ny nn cn phi quan st cu trc ht ca gang cu.

Thnh phn ha hc cc nguyn t c bn trong gang cu khong C:3-3,6%, Si:2-3%, Mn:0,2-1% ,

Mg: 0,04- 0,08%, P 0,15%, S 0,03%. Gang cu c do dai cao, c bit sau khi nhit luyn
thch hp. T chc t vi ca gang cu cng ging gang xm song ch khc l than ch ca n c dng
thu gn hnh qu cu bao gm ba loi nn kim loi: ferit, ferit peclit v peclit. Chnh iu ny quyt
nh bn ko rt cao ca gang cu so vi gang xm. Khc vi gang xm, than ch dng cu y
c to thnh nh bin tnh c bit gang xm lng. Phn tch kim tng l mt phng php
nghin cu v cu trc t vi ca vt liu nhm h tr xc nh rng vt liu c x l mt
cch chnh xc v v vy mt bc quan trng xc nh tin cy sn phm v xc nh ti sao
mt vt liu khng thnh cng. Cc bc c bn soi nghin cu t chc ca mu hp kim ni
chung v mu gang cu ni ring bao gm:
Ct mu
c mu/ lm khun
Mi phng
nh bng th
nh bng tinh
Soi cu trc bng knh hin vi
Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni
 CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP
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Tel: 04.3.7832.028 | Fax: 04.3.7832.032

nh gi kt qu bng phn mm chuyn dng

Lp bo co
Sau y chng ti s hng dn chi tit cho bn thc hin cc bc trn nh th no.
Page | 2
Bc 1: Ct mu kim tng
Bc u tin trong vic chun b mt mu phn tch kim tng l xc nh v tr cc khu vc
quan tm ca i tng mu. Ct l k thut ph bin nht c c mu th khu vc quan tm
ny. Ct mu phi m bo thch hp nhm ti thiu bin i cu trc ca mu. i vi cc mu kim
loi c cng cao th yu cu s dng my ct mi mn. Ngi k thut phi c am hiu la
chn ng li ct cho tng vt liu. La chn thch hp ca li ct mi i hi mt s hiu bit v
mi quan h gia cc ht mi,s mi mn v tnh cht lin kt ca vt liu mu vt. La chn a ct
nhm m bo khng gy ra chy v bin dng trong khi ct v l cch tt nht tit kim thi gian
v vt t ct. Ct mu ng n l iu kin tt cho cc bc chun b mu tip theo.
Chn thch hp li ct
m bo kp mu ng v cht vo my ct nhm trnh h hng li ct
Kim tra mc nc lm mt v thay th khi mc nc thp hoc qu d bn do phoi ct.
Cho php li ct quay t tc hot ng bnh thng ca n trc khi bt u ct
Lc n va qu trnh ct xut hin mt vi hoa la l t yu cu v cho vt ct tt
nht.
Bi trn trong qu trnh ct mi mn l cn thit gim thiu thit hi v loi b cc mnh vn
ct hoc phoi. Du bi trn cn phi c chp chy tng i cao v nhng tia la c sn sinh
trong thi gian ct mi mn c th gy chy du bi trn. S dng mt my ct mu kiu ct mi cho
cng on ny.
Bc 2: Lm khun cho mu kim tng
Mu vt sau ct mu vt thng c gn khun. Gn khun cung cp nhng u im sau:
Thun tin trong vic gi mu vt mi v nh bng
To ra hng lot mu ng u v kch thc c th mi/nh bng nhiu mu ng thi
bng my mi/ nh bng t ng
Bo v cc gc cnh v bn ngoi ra ca mu nhm khng b bin i cu trc trong khi
mi/nh bng
To ra mu c hng nht nh
Cung cp mt phng tin ghi tn/s v bo qun mu vt

Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni
 CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP
Web: atti.vn | E-mail: contact@atti.vn
Tel: 04.3.7832.028 | Fax: 04.3.7832.032

C hai k thut lm khun ph bin cho mu kim tng l lm khun nng v lm khun ngui. i
vi cc mu kim loi thng s dng k thut lm khun nng. Lm khun nng c u im l d
dng v nhanh chng, ch cn vi pht nhit ph hp l chun b xong mt mu.. Hu ht thi
gian yu cu trong lm khun nng lp xy ra trong giai on gia nhit v lm mt mu. C th s
Page | 3 dng cc loi ht lm khun sau y:
Cc loi nha Phenolic
Acrylic Resins
Epoxy Resins
Diallyl phthalate Resins
Conductive Resins
Cc tnh cht quan trng nht ca mt hn hp lm khun nng l cng, co ngt v nht.
cng ca hp cht lm khun phi ph hp vi cng ca mu vt trnh mi mn khng
ng u trong khi mi. Nu co rt ca hn hp ln trong qu trnh gia nhit th s to ra khe h
gia cc mu vt v khun v cc cnh xung quang s khng c bo v y . nht l quan
trng hn hp chy vo v in y tt c cc khu vc ca mu th.
Bc 3. Mi v nh bng mu mu kim tng
S dng my mi/nh bng mu chuyn dng cho cng on ny. My mi/nh bng a n tit
kim chi ph nhng hiu qu thp hn my mi/ nh bng a i.
Mi mu kim tng
Mu sau khi c xong c tin hnh mi bng my mi chuyn dng s dng cc giy mi v ht
mi ph hp. Cc ht mi ph bin nht c s dng l Silicon Carbide SiC. y l loi ht mit l
tng nh cng v cc cnh sc nt ca n. chun b mi mu, vt liu mi SiC c bc trong
giy mi t cc dng ht th n ht min ng ng vi grit 60 n grit 1200. Cng vic mi v nh
bng phi tun th ng quy trnh. i vi cc mu kim loi cng nh gang th cn mi tch cc hn
loi b lp b mt. V vy, giy mi th nhm SiC (120 hoc 180 grit) c khuyn co cho cc
yu cu mi s b ban u. Mt khi mu c mi phng ri th khuyn co dng cc giy mi
240, 320, 400 v 600 grit mi phng hn.
nh bng mu kim tng
nh bng l bc quan trng nht trong vic chun b mt mu phn tch t chc t vi. y l
bc m l cn thit hon ton loi b cc tn hi cu trc mu trc . L tng nht l s
lng cc tn hi cu trc xy ra trong qu trnh ct v mi c gim thiu do cng vic nh
bng s n gin hn v tit kim thi gian. loi b bin dng t cng on mi v t c mt
b mt phn x rt cao, cc mu vt phi c nh bng trc khi chng c th c quan st di
knh hin vi. nh bng l mt hot ng phc tp, trong cc yu t nh cht lng ph thuc
Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni
 CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP
Web: atti.vn | E-mail: contact@atti.vn
Tel: 04.3.7832.028 | Fax: 04.3.7832.032

vo vt liu mi, vi nh bng, lc t mu, tc nh bng v thi gian cn phi c a vo

tnh ton. Cht lng ca b mt thu c sau khi nh bng cui cng ph thuc vo tt c cc yu
t trn v y l cng on kt thc ca tng giai on trc .
Vi nh bng kim tng
Page | 4
C ba loi vi nh bng: vi dt, vi khng dt v vi len.
Vi dt thoi c b mt cng m bo nh bng s b khng lm tn hi n cc gc cnh v
ng vin ca mu vt
Vi khng dt c s dng cho nh bng cc vt liu rt cng nh thy tinh, thch anh,
saphia v bn dn.
Vi len m bo cung cp mt b mt siu bng. Thi gian nh bng phi c cng ngn
cng tt, trnh cc tp cht xy ra trong qu trnh nh bng.
Ht nh bng kim cng nh bng th
Kim cng, do cng c bit ca n tr thnh s la chn u tin trong mi mn nh bng
kim loi. Ht kim cng cho mi v nh bng c sn trong hai hnh dng khc nhau kt tinh: a tinh
th (P) v n tinh th (M). Kim cng a tinh th cung cp s lng ln ca cc cnh ct nh. Trong
qu trnh chun b mu kim loi, cc cnh ny pht huy hiu qu trong vic loi b vt liu b mt
nhng ch mi mn c lp mng trn b mt. Kim cng n tinh th c dng hnh khi v ch c
mt vi cnh ct. Nhng vin kim cng ny cho kh nng loi b vt liu cao nhng sinh nng b
mt mu s c cc dng mi mn. i vi yu cu cao, loi kim cng a tinh th c chn. Cc ht
kim cng n tinh th ph hp nht nh bng tt c cc mc ch chung chung. Cc sn phm
ht mi kim cng c ng gi di ba hnh thc: dng h dn, dng dung dch v dng bnh
phun.
nh bng ln cui cng (nh bng tinh)
nh bng tinh c la chn da trn cng mu v phn ng ho hc. Cc ht nh bng thng
dng nht l nhm xt. Nhm xt l cht mi mn ch yu c s dng nh l cht mi mn c
hc v cng v bn cao ca n. Chng cng c tn ti di dng ht cng v ht mm.
Bc 4: Soi mu kim tng bng knh hin vi
Sau khi mu c chun b t yu cu th tin hnh soi mu trn knh hin vi. Mu c a vo
knh hin vi soi vi cc phng i: 50 ln, 100 ln, 200 ln, 500 ln hay 100 ln ty tng yu
cu c th. Knh hin vi th h mi c cng kt ni vi camera truyn hnh khp kn cho php hin th
nh tc thi trn my tnh. V vy, thay v quan st bng mt knh th ngi vn hnh quan st trn
amnf hnh my tnh. My tnh c ci t phn mm iu khin camera v cc chc nng phn tch
nh cp cao nh o lng kch thc, m ht, graphit, tnh ton t l
Phn tch mu bng phn mm
Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni
 CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP
Web: atti.vn | E-mail: contact@atti.vn
Tel: 04.3.7832.028 | Fax: 04.3.7832.032

Phn tch ht, cc chc nng chnh nh:

Xc nh kch thc ht theo tiu chun ASTM E112 hoc EN ISO 643
V ng vin ht
Page | 5
Xut bo co sang Excel
Phn tch Graphit, cc chc nng chnh:
T ng pht hin cc ht Graphit ri t mu cho cc ht
o v thng k nt graphit
Tnh ton %Ferrite, %Graphit, %Pearlite, t l Ferrite / Pearlite
Phn tch gang theo tiu chun ISO 945
Xut bo co sang Excel
Bc 5. Lp bo co
Cn c trn cc d liu phn tch trn, ngi vn hnh s lp bn bo co ph hp. Bn bo co
cha ng y ddue cc thng tin cn thit nh:
Tn v a ch ca c quan lp bo co
Tn ngi vn hnh/kim nh vin
Cc thng tin v mu th
Cc thng tin v kt qu mu th km hnh nh chp t chc t vi ca mu.

Cc thit b ph v soi t chc kim tng

Chung ti cung cp gii php tng th t vic t vn quy trnh, cun cp thit b, vt t v o to
chuyn giao cng ngh kim tra t chc t vi kim loi theo mi yu cu ca Qu khch hng. Sau y
l cc thit b phc v cho qu trnh trn.

MY CT MU
My ct chnh xc v nhanh chng theo phng php ct mi. ng c 4HP, h thng phanh in t,
kh nng ct mu c ng knh 90mm khi s dng a ct c ng knh 250mm. Thn my lm
bng hp kim c chc chn cng vi bn g ch T cho php gi cht mu gip ct nhanh v chnh
xc.

Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni
 CNG TY C PHN ATT CNG NGHIP
Web: atti.vn | E-mail: contact@atti.vn
Tel: 04.3.7832.028 | Fax: 04.3.7832.032

MY C MU
My p mu thy lc cho tt c cc li ht nha kim tng, c im v hp bn chc, thp c, h
thng p thy lc, c ng h hin th lc p, h thng gia nhit. D dng thay th cc khun vi cc
ng knh 25, 30, 40 mm. My c thit k t ng s dng n gin v tng nng sut.
Page | 6
MY MI NH BNG
My mi/ nh bng a n, ng knh 8 hay 10 Tc a mi 50-600 vng/ pht Cng sut
ng c 200W Km the y vi bnh li, vng chn nc, ng nc, dy cp, ng tht nc.
Ngun in s dng 230V/50-60Hz/1 phase. VT T TIU HAO
Cc loi a ct, giy/ vi nh bng, dung dch mi/nh bng, ht lm khun v cc vt t tiu hao
khc m bo cho cc loi my hot chun b mu ng lin tc.
KNH HIN VI KIM TNG
Knh ba gm 1 u quan st, bn c kh ng trc vi 2 ca lp t, n 6V/ 30W vi bin th 220 V,
2 mt quan st c phng i 10x, v cc th knh c phng i 5x, 10x, 20x v 50x li 100x
c yu cu thm. Knh lc sng, cng ni cameras, dy cp, mng chn v hng dn s dng.

PHN MM PHN TCH KCH C HT

Modul Phn mm o lng tng tc cho php o cc i tng theo chiu di, gc, chu vi, din tch
v xut ra thnh bn bo co. Ngoi cc chc nng o lng nh trn th phn mm ny cn c thm
chc nng o kch thc ht cho vt liu gang.
PHN MM PHN TCH GRAPHIT
Modul Phn mm o lng tng tc cho php o cc i tng theo chiu di, gc, chu vi, din tch
v xut ra thnh bn bo co. Ngoi cc chc nng o lng nh trn th phn mm ny cn c thm
chc nng phn tch Graphit cho vt liu gang.
PHN MN O LNG C BN
Modul Phn mm o lng tng tc cho php o cc i tng theo chiu di, gc, chu vi, din tch
v xut ra thnh bn bo co.

Nguyn Minh Tun Phng Kinh Doanh Thit b QC e-mail: tuan@atti.vn Phone: 0988 736 838

Vn phng: S 23 l 13B khu th mi Trung Yn, ph Trung Ho, Qun Cu Giy, H Ni

Phng th nghim c tnh ( ISO/IEC-17025:2005 ) : S 166, Tu Lit,Tam Hip, Thanh Tr, H Ni