Quadratic Function

matematika.pl
2015

Objectives Factorising a Quadratic Factorising- Tasks Vietas Formulas- Task

Objectives for today: Factorising a quadratic means putting it into two 1. Factorise x2 x 12. 1. Prove that
c
Introducing specific vocabulary. brackets, and is useful if youre trying to draw a x1 x2 =
a
graph of a quadratic solve a quadratic equation.
Quick revision of quadratic function. 2
Its pretty easy if a = 1 (in ax + bx + c form), but
Factorising Quadratics.
can be a real pain otherwise.
Proving Vietas formulas.
Carrying out gained knowledge by working out In order to factorise a quadratic you should
some word problems. follow steps outlined below:
2. Solve x2 8 = 2x by factorising.
1 Rearrange the equation into the standard
Quick Revision ax2 + bx + c form.
2 Write down two brackets: (x )(x )
Forms of Quadratic Function 3 Find two numbers that multiply to give c and
Glossary
f (x) = ax2 + bx + c is called the standard add or subtract to give b (ignoring signs).
form. 4 Put the numbers in brackets and choose their

f (x) = a(x x1)(x x2) is called the factored signs. verb noun meaning
form, where x1 and x2 are the roots of the add addition +
quadratic function. subtract subtraction
f (x) = a(x h)2 + k is called the vertex form.
Myth of Delta
multiply multiplication
Delta Its commonly believed that in order to work out roots of a quadratic function you must count and use divide division
determines tells us how many solutions quadratic other previously established formulas. However this is untrue since factorising in many cases is as good or solve solution getting answer
equation have: even better than simply counting . substitute substitution t = x2
Table 1: Word Formation

2 when > 0

number of solutions = 1 when = 0

Example of Factorisation Proof of Vietas Formulas

0 when < 0

Some Necessary and Useful

The Quadratic Formula

Solve x2 + 4x 21 = 0 by factorising. Lets prove that: Vocabulary
b
x= b
2a 2 x 1 + x2 = (n.) sign + or
Graph of Quadratic Function x + 4x 21 = (x )(x ) a
When is positive we have two roots: (n.) equation something = 0
1 and 21 multiply to give 21 - and add or subtract (n.) factor two multiplied factors give result
b b +
to give 22 and 20. x1 = , x2 = (v.) factorise putting into brackets
2a 2a
3 and 7 multiply to give 21 - and add or subtract to Substituting for x1 and x2 respectively, we receive: (n.) coefficient a constant number i.e. a, b,
give 10 and 4. c in a pattern ax2 + bx + c
b b + (n.) quadratic function f (x) = ax2 + bx + c
2 x1 + x2 = + =
x + 4x + 21 = (x + 7)(x 3) 2a 2a
(n.) root sth or solution of quadratic

And solving the equation: (b ) + (b + ) 2b b equation
= = =
(x + 7)(x 3) = 0 2a 2a a (n.) formula = pattern

we get The same we could do with another pattern, which

c
x = 7, x=3 state that x1x2 = a , but proving this is going to be
Figure 1: Graph of f (x) = ax2|{0.1,0.3,1.0,3.0} your task in next section.