Potential flow

Basic flows (Anderson):

Type of flow Velocity (velocity potential) (stream function)

Uniform flow (x) V x = U U x U y

Vy =0 U r sin
Source
V r = 2r 2 ln(r) 2
V =0
Vortex
Vr =0 2 2 ln(r)

V = 2r

V r = 2 cos cos sin

Doublet
( l 0 , l = const. ) r2 2 r
2 r
sin
V = 2 r2
= v = 2rV r - source strength (mass flux per unit depth)
v = m/ - mass flux
= 2rV - vortex circulation ("strength"). (+) value is in clockwise direction.
= l - doublet strength, for source/sinks of equal strength
l - distance between source, sink in doublet

Combined flows:
Type of flow Velocity (velocity potential) (stream function)

Uniform flow + V r = U cos + 2r U r cos + 2 ln(r) U r sin + 2
source V = U sin

Uniform flow + U rcos + 2 (lnr 1 lnr2 ) U r sin + 2 ( 1 2 )
source + sink
(Rankine oval)

Uniform flow +
( ) U cos
Vr = 1 R2
r2 (
(U r cos) 1 + R2
r2 ) U r sin sin
2 r
doublet (flow over
cylinder) V = (1 + ) U sin
R2
r2
(U r sin) ( 1 Rr2
2
)
Uniform flow +
doublet + vortex
Vr = 1 ( R2
r2 )U cos (
U r cos 1 + R2
r2 )
2 (
U r sin 1 R2
r2 )+
2 ln(r)

(lifting flow over (

V = 1 + R2
r2 )U sin
2r
(
Or: U r sin 1
R2
r2 )+ r
2 ln R

cylinder)
R2 = /2U - for flow over cylinder