EE 101- HYDRAULICS,

HYDROLOGY,
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING

Dr. Mirzi Betasolo

23/03/2017
Week 4- Outline
 HYDRAULICS
 Understand Hydraulic Engineering
 HYDROLOGY
 Comprehend the complexity of hydrology to life
 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
 Bring one to consciousness on the impact of engineering
in the environment and how to protect it.
 For sustainability of all life forms
What is hydraulic engineering?
 Hydraulic Engineering talks about fluid flow and
how it behaves in large quantities, it deals with the
technical challenges involved with water
infrastructure and sewerage design, design of
water storage and transport facilities.
 Some examples include dams, channels, canals and
lakes are all used to store and control water.
 Engineers designed the machinery which uses
hydraulic pressures.
 Source: http://whatisengineering.com/topic/what-is-hydraulic-engineering/
Hydraulic Engineering defined
 Hydraulic engineering as a sub-discipline of
civil engineering is concerned with the flow and
conveyance of fluids, principally water and sewage.
One feature of these systems is the extensive use of
gravity as the motive force to cause the movement
of the fluids.
Conveyance of fluids

Water Supply for Lae administered by Water PNG at Taraka

Sewage system

Sewage system of University of Goroka

Unitech Sewage System

Unitech Sewage System, nature takes care of the system!

What hydraulic engineers do?
 Hydraulic Engineers use fluid dynamics theory to
predict how flowing water interacts with its
surroundings.
 Students learn how to use computational fluid
dynamics software packages which allow for
complex simulations of fluid flow.
 Typically, Hydraulic Engineers are required by
utility companies for storm water and sewerage
maintenance.
Source: http://whatisengineering.com/topic/what-is-hydraulic-engineering/
Necessity to understand hydrology

Image source:
Why Study?

Source: UN Water. Coping with water scarcity: Challenge of the 21st Century.
2007 World Water Day. www.worldwaterday07.org
 Why Are they Concerned?

Source: UN Water. Coping with water scarcity: Challenge of the 21st Century.
2007 World Water Day. www.worldwaterday07.org
Sources of Fresh Water
 Surface water
 Under river flow
 Groundwater
 Frozen water
 Desalination

Surface water – Lae, also at Unitech

What is hydrology?
 Because water is one of life need as it is precious
natural resources. Without it, there would be no life
on earth.
 That is the reason why, hydrology has evolved as a
science in response to the need to understand the
complex water system of the earth and help solve
water problems.

Source: https://water.usgs.gov/edu/hydrology.html
Sample Civil Engineering works
 Hydroelectric power, https://stock-
clip.com/video/1294303-hydroelectric-power-
plant-generates-electricity-construction-on-the-river-
chemal
 Renewable energy, https://stock-
clip.com/video/775651-solar-panel-array-and-
wind-turbines-over-a-sky-time-laps
 Flood, https://stock-clip.com/video/1904989-
street-under-flood-in-bangkok-thailand-life-
continues
 PNG Millennium Development Goals
15

http://www.pg.undp.org/ 3/25/2017
 Environmental Engineering
16

Environmental engineers work at minimizing or

eliminating waste products without endangering the
environment. They might engineer disposal
techniques for hazardous materials. They might focus
on pollution prevention or new pollution control
processes.

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 Environmental Engineering
17

Responsibilities also include:

 disposing hazardous materials

 waste management and treatment

 biological processes in pollution control

 water and waste

 water quality
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 What Environmental Engineers Do?
18

 use the principles of engineering, soil science,

biology, and chemistry to develop solutions to
environmental problems
 are involved in efforts to improve recycling,
waste disposal, public health, and water and
air pollution control
 Address global issues, such as unsafe drinking
water, climate change, and environmental
sustainability

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 Duties:
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 Prepare, review, and update environmental investigation

reports
 Design projects leading to environmental protection, such as
water reclamation facilities, air pollution control systems, and
operations that convert waste to energy
 Obtain, update, and maintain plans, permits, and standard
operating procedures
 Provide technical support for environmental remediation
projects and for legal actions
 Analyze scientific data and do quality-control checks
 Monitor the progress of environmental improvement programs
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 Duties:
20

 Inspect industrial and municipal facilities and programs to

ensure compliance with environmental regulations and
environmental sustainability
 Advise corporations and government agencies about
procedures for cleaning up contaminated sites
 conduct hazardous-waste management studies
 study ways to minimize the effects of acid rain, global warming,
automobile emissions, and ozone depletion
 collaborate with environmental scientists, planners, hazardous
waste technicians, engineers, and other specialists, such as
experts in law and business, to address environmental problems
and environmental sustainability
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How we care our environment?

Keeping hazardous material properly

Good management of resource by 3R

Proper waste disposal is encouraged method: Reduce, Reuse, & Recycle
Main Goal: Sustainability
 Defined as “development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs” (World
Commission on Environment and Development,
1987)
 Sustainable development has emerged as the
guiding principle for long-term global development.

Source: www.un.org/en/ga/president/65/issues/sustdev.shtml
Sustainability Basic principle
 1. Reduce our dependence on fuel fossils and
heavy metals
 2. Reduce dependence on synthetic chemicals

 3. Reduce our destruction of nature

 4. Ensure not stopping people globally to meet their

needs, but with proper care of the environment to

support life forms continuously.
 Check out video clip, https://youtu.be/B5NiTN0chj0

https://classroom.google.com/u/0/c/OTYwOTM2OTky
 References
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1. Ruth F. Weiner, Robin A. Matthews, Environmental

Engineering, Butterworth- Heinemann, 2003
2. H.S. Peavy, D. R. Rowe. G. Tchobanoglous “Environmental
Engineering”, 1985, McGraw-Hill, Inc
3. Hydraulic engineering - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering

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