Adaptive coding og

modulation

Anders Gjendemsj, NTNU 2004

(gjendems@iet.ntnu.no)
Introduction
The following slides briefly covers some theoretical and
practical views of Adaptive coding and modulation (ACM).

The slides were created to assist in a presentation of ACM at NTNU,

fall 2004.
System model
[1]
Adaptive transmission
[1]
 Numerical results
[1]

Rayleigh Nakagami (m=2)

Other articles
Capacity of Nakagami multipath fading
channels. Alouini & Goldsmith (1997)
Capacity of Nakagami fading
channels [2]

Treating the capacity of Nakagami fading channels,

under an average power constraint
A closed form expression for the capacity with and
without the use of diversity (*MRC) is found for three
different adaptation schemes
Optimal rate and optimal power
Optimal rate (constant power)
Channel inversion (complete and truncated)
No increase in capacity by varying the transmitted
power if the rate is varied optimally

*Maximum Ratio Combining

Capacity of Nakagami fading
channels (2) [2]

The AWGN channel has always the highest capacity

Increasing capacity when the fading is reduced
The difference between the adaptation techniques is reduced
when the fading is reduced
Capacity of Nakagami fading
channels (3)
[2]

Increasing capacity as
the number (L) of
antennas grow
For L=4 there are small
losses by using channel
inversion
Channel inversion has
low complexity =>
tradeoff between
capacity and complexity
ACM in practical systems

DVB-S2, WiMAX
ACM in terrestrial vs. satellite
Satellite
Channel estimate has a long delay
Fading varies slowly

Terrestrial
Channel estimate has a short delay
Fading varies rapidly
DVB-S2
Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite v2
ETSI standard, in draft version.
Finished by the end of 2004(?)

All the slides discussing DVB-S2 are based on

information found at http://www.dvb.org
DVB-S2 (2)
Second generation DVB system
Offers broadband satellite services
30 % better performance* than DVB-S

Three variations of coding and modulation

CCM = Constant Coding and Modulation
VCM = Variable Coding and Modulation
ACM = Adaptive Coding and Modulation

*Performance is here somewhat loosely defined

DVB-S2 Applications
Broadcast Services
Uses VCM, offering HDTV* og
SDTV**

Interactive Services
Used CCM og ACM
Return channel either
terrestrial or satellite (DVB-RCS)

*HDTV = High Definition TV

**SDTV = Standard Definition TV
DVB-S2 Applications (2)
Professional services
CCM, VCM, ACM
DVB-S2 Broadcast example
Two different datastreams, HDTV og SDTV, using VCM.
Different modulation and level of protection.

C/N = Carrier to
SDTV has availiability 99.6%, HDTV has 90 %. Noise ratio
 ACM in DVB-S2 (1)

MOD

COD
ACM in DVB-S2 (2)
Modulation og code rates for DVB-S2,
28(!) different MODCOD parameters
ACM in DVB-S2 (3)
Modulastion og efficiency 16 APSK*

APSK = Amplitude Phase Shift Keying

ACM in DVB-S2 (4)
DVB-S2 claim
In the course of our lifetime we will
never have to design another system
for satellite broadcasting

The reasoning: The rates are only 0,7 1 dB below Shannon

capacity.

Time will show

WiMAX
WiMAX - industry consortium
Based on IEEE 802.16 (and ETSI HiperMAN)

All the slides discussing WiMAX are based on

information found at http://www.wimaxforum.org
WiMAX (2)
Trying to create a common standard
for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA)
WLAN has proved good indoor
performance, but poor outdoor.
Seeking to combine IEEE 802.16 and
802.11 to provide a complete wireless
solution
WiMAX (3) 802.16 Everywhere
WiMAX (4)
ACM in WiMAX (1)
ACM in WiMAX (2)
References
[1] A. J. Goldsmith and P. P. Varaiya, Capacity of fading channels with channel side information,"
IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 43, pp. 1986-1992, Nov. 1997.
[2]M.-S. Alouini and A. J. Goldsmith, Capacity of Nakagami multipath fading channels, 7 Proc. 47th
IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC'97) (Phoenix, Arizona, May 1997),pp. 358-362.

All the slides (including the figures) on DVB-S2 and WiMAX are taken from http://www.dvb.org and
http://www.wimaxforum.org respectively.