ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis

saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. IV

Tbilisi. 2011

mixeil qarTveliSvili

saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebaSi

1924 wlis agvistos ajanyeba qarTul1 da ucxour2 istoriogra-

fiaSi sakmaod kargad aris Seswavlili, gaanalizebulia misi taqtika-
strategia, ajanyebulTa samoqmedo gegmebi da sxva calkeuli aspeqte-

1 n. bendeliani. istoriografia saqarTveloSi. 1921-1924 wlebSi arsebuli

viTarebis Sesaxeb da sinamdvile. quT. 1993; v. beniZe. 1924 wlis ajanyeba sa-
qarTveloSi. Tb. 1991; r. grZeliZe. 1924 wlis saxalxo ajanyeba saqarTvelo-
Si. Tb. 1992; nestan (elisabed) kirTaZe. 1924 wlis ajanyeba saqarTveloSi.
quT. 1996; l. jiqia. 1924 wlis ajanyeba saqarTvelos regionebSi: (samegre-
lo). (me-2 gamoc.). Tb. 2009; g. ciciSvili. simarTle antisabWoTa erovnuli
moZraobisa da 1924 wlis ajanyebis Sesaxeb: (me-80 wlisTavis gamo). Tb.
2004; T. endelaZe. tragikuli 1924. Tb. 2004; k. wenguaSvili. 1924 wlis
agvistos ajanyeba da misi Sefaseba qarTul istoriografiaSi: [1924 wlis
ajanyebis mizezebisa da ganviTarebis Taviseburebis Sesaxeb. qarTvel mec-
nierTa mier gamoTqmuli urTierTgamomricxavi Sefasebebi (k. Selia, i. ka-
Warava, g. ciciSvili, a. menTeSaSvili, a. mujiri, n. kirTaZe da sxv.)]. sais-
torio almanaxi `klio~. 2005. N26, gv. 164-182; 1924 wlis movlenebi saqarT-
veloSi Tanamedrovis TvaliT: [arqivis masalebi v. merkvilaZisa da l. To-
iZis komentarebiT]. Jurn. `saqarTvelos komunisti~. #3. Tb. 1989, gv. 37-53; r.
lominaZe. 1924 wlis ajanyebis dokumenti: [`damkomis~ erT-erTi periferiu-
li organizaciis, `saqarTvelos damoukideblobis samegrelos komitetis~
mowodeba 1924 wlis 29 agvistos ajanyebisaTvis]. Jurn. `politika~. #8. Tb.
1991, gv. 63-65; g. kldiaSvili. saqarTvelos 1924 wlis agvistos amboxeba ga-
re-kaxeTSi da sasuliero pirebi. `saarqivo moambe~. N9. Tb. 2010, gv. 98-113
da sxva.
2 r. diuge. moskovi da wamebuli saqarTvelo (frang. Targmnes mzia da aka-
ki baqraZeebma.). Tb. 1994; a. aTaneliSvili. saqarTvelos 1924 wlis ajanyeba
ucxoel mkvlevarTa SromebSi: anri barbiusis, lui leferis, hiu seton
uitsonis da uest-vudis Sefaseba. eqvTime TayaiSvilis saxelobis saqar-
Tvelos saistorio sazogadoebis afxazeTis organizaciis weliwdeuli
saistorio Ziebani~. Tb. 2000. N3, gv. 159-166; M. Wehner. Le Soulevement georgien de
1924 et la reaction des bolcheviks. Communisme. 42-43-44, gv. 155-170; S. Jones. The
Establishment of Soviet Power in Transcaucasia: The Case of Georgia 1921-1928. Soviet Studies.
Vol. 40. No. 4 (Oct. 1988), gv. 616-639.

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 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. IV

bi. winamdebare naSromSi gvsurs SevexoT ajanyebis erT, Cveni azriT,

saintereso sakiTxs, romelic dRemde sagangebo kvlevis sagani ar yo-
fila, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis ajanyebaSi,3
bunebrivia, esoden rTuli sakvlevi problemis Seswavla erTi naSro-
mis farglebSi SeuZlebelia da Cven sakiTxis dasmiT SemovifarglebiT.
Tavdapirvelad, sanam uSualod sakiTxis Seswavlaze gadavido-
deT istoriuli suraTis meti sizustiT aRsadgenad saWirod migvaCnia
ajanyebis wina periodis peripetiebis gamokveTa, ramac ganapiroba ro-
gorc Tavis mxriv ajanyeba, aseve masSi saeklesio sakiTxis mniSvnelo-
ba da samRvdeloebis aqtiuri monawileoba.
rogorc cnobilia, 1921 wlis 25 Tebrvals sabWoTa ruseTma
daarRvia ra 1920 wlis 7 maisis xelSkruleba, moaxdina saqarTvelos
demokratiuli respublikis ZaldatanebiTi aneqsia-okupireba.4
qarTuli sazogadoebis progresulad moazrovne nawili ar She-
guebia qveynis damoukideblobis dakargvas da aqtiurad ibrZoda erov-
nuli TviTmyofadobis dacva-SenarCunebisa da saxelmwifobrivi suvere-
nitetis aRdgenisaTvis.
aRniSnul brZolaSi qarTuli sazogadoebis gverdSi iyo saqar-
Tvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romelic uaRresad rTul politi-
kur viTarebaSic ki warmatebiT axerxebda mosaxleobis sulier gamxne-
veba-gaZlierebas. sabWoTa periodSi ki, am uknasknelis antireligiuri
politikidan gamomdinare, mas qveynis dacvis paralelurad saeklesio
organizaciis gadarCenisaTvisac unda ebrZola.
sabWoTa mTavroba xelisuflebaSi ZaladobiT mosvlisTanave an-
tireligiuri politikis gatarebas Seudga, rac srulad Seesabameboda
mis ideologiur safuZvlebs, romelic efuZneboda ra karl marqsis

3 aRniSnuli kuTxiT erTaderT gamonaklisad SeiZleba CaiTvalos istori-

kos giorgi kldiaSvilis naSromi `saqarTvelos 1924 wlis agvistos ambo-
xeba gare-kaxeTSi da sasuliero pirebi~, romelSic saarqivo masalebze
dayrdnobiT gaanxilulia sasuliero pirebis adgili da roli 1924 wlis
ajanyebaSi, ix. g. kldiaSvili. saqarTvelos 1924 wlis agvistos amboxeba
gare-kaxeTSi da sasuliero pirebi. `saarqivo moambe~.N9. Tb. 2010, gv. 98-113.
4 v. guruli. saqarTvelos demokratiuli respublikis dapyroba sabWoTa
ruseTis mier. wgn.: saqarTvelos istoria XX saukune. Tb. 2003, gv. 85; l.
ToiZe. intervenciac, okupaciac, ZaldatanebiTi gasabWoebac, faqtobrivad,
aneqsiac: ruseT-saqarTvelos 1921 wlis Teberval-martis omis SefasebisaT-
vis. Tb. 1991.

324
 mixeil qarTveliSvili. saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebaSi

cnobil gamonaTqvams `religia xalxis opiumia~, miznad isaxavda sazo-

gadoebis azrovnebaSi religiis srul aRmofxvras.
1921 wlis 15 aprils saqarTvelos revkomma #21 dekretiT
miiRo dadgenileba `saxelmwifosagan eklesiisa da eklesiisgan skolis
gamoyofis Sesaxeb~. dadgenilebis muxlebSi saubari iyo, imis Sesaxeb,
rom TiToeuli pirovnebis saqmea, iwamos an ar iwamos esa Tu is re-
ligia, rom sarwmunoeba araviTar upiratesobas ar aniWebda aravis.
skola gamoyofilia eklesiisagan, saero saswavleblebSi ikrZaleboda
saRvTo sjulis swavleba. aseve sayuradReboa dadgenilebis me-14 da
me-15 muxlebi: `arcerT saeklesio da sarwmunoebriv sazogadoebas ara
aqvs ufleba iqonios sakuTreba. maT ara aqvT iuridiuli pirovnebis
ufleba, mTels qveyanaSi arsebuli saeklesio da sarwmunoebriv sazo-
gadoebaTa mTeli qoneba gamocxadebulia saxalxo kuTvnilebad~.5
aRniSnuls daemata isic, rom gansakuTrebulad gaZlierda brZo-
la eklesiis winaaRmdeg, daiwyo sakulto nagebobebi ganadgureba, xa-
tebisa da Zvirfasi freskebis dazianebam mizanmimarTuli xasiaTi mii-
Ro, amis paralelurad saeklesio fenis winaaRmdeg aqtiuri ideolo-
giuri da praqtikuli brZola gaCaRda, samRvdeloeba gamocxadda anti-
sabWoTa da antisaxelmwifoebriv Zalad, romelic xels uSlida qvey-
nis normalurad ganviTarebas. risi dadasturebac aris is faqtic, rom
`CekaSi~ sagangebod Seiqmna me-3 da me-4 qveganyofilebebi, romlebic,
Sesabamisad, memarjvene da memarcxene partiebze muSaobdnen, me-3-e
qveganyofilebas damatebiT evaleboda sagangebo kontrolis daweseba
marTlmadidebel eklesiasa da sasuliero fenebze.6
zemoaRniSnulma da qveyanaSi erovnuli TviTSegnebis devnis daw-
yebam samRvdeloeba sabWoTa reJimis aqtiur mowinaaRmdege Zalad aq-
cia, ramac Tavisi sagangebo gamovlinebebi hpova rogorc patriarq amb-
rosis (xelaia), aseve sxva sasuliero pirebis mxridan sagangebo
mimarTvebsa da werilebSi.

5
saqarTvelos ssr kanonTa, saqarTvelos ssr prezidiumis brZanebaTa qro-
nologiuri krebuli 1921-1940 ww. Tb. 1959, gv. 10-13.
6
saqarTvelos uaxlesi istoriis centraluri saistorio arqivi. fondi
366, aRw. 3. saq. #348, furc. 40; T. endelaZe. sabWoTa Zalovani struqturebi
qarTuli erovnuli moZraobis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi (1921-1925 ww.). sakandi-
dato disertacia (xelnaweris uflebiT). Tb. 2004, gv. 66.

325
 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. IV

patriarq ambrosis brZolis naTel dadasturebas warmoadgens

mis mier genuis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze gagazavnili memorandumi,
sadac TvalnTlivi asaxva hpova im umZimesma mdgomareobam, romelic
saqarTveloSi sabWoTa wyobis damyarebis Semdeg dadga.
kaTolikos-patriarqi Tavis mimarTvaSi gansakuTrebul yuradRe-
bas amaxvilebs im faqtze, rom komunisturi xelisuflebis mmarTvelo-
bis dros `maxinjdeba winaparTa mier Seqmnili erovnuli kultura,
Seuracyofen imasac ki, rac xalxisTvis yvelaze Zvirfasia mis rwmenas
da sindisis Tavisuflebis niRbiT ukrZalaven Tavisi religiuri moT-
xovnilebebis Tavisuflad dakmayofilebas.
samRvdeloebas umowyalod sdevnian. eklesia, romelic amdeni
saukunis manZilze kvlavac qarTuli saxelmwifos didebisa da Zliere-
bis mTavar faqtors warmoadgens, warTmeuli aqvs yvela ufleba, imde-
nad, rom miuxedavad misi Sromisa, moklebulia saarsebo saSualebebis
mopovebis SesaZleblobas~.7
aRniSnul mimarTvaSi, sarwmunoebrivi aspeqtis paralelurad aq-
tiuradaa ganxiluli erovnuli Tavisuflebis ideac. patriarqi maT
kompleqsurad, erTianobaSi ganixilavs da moiTxovs, rom `qarTvel
ers mieces ufleba, Tavisuflad moawyos Tavisi cxovreba ise, rogorc
saWirod CaTvlis. ganamtkicos Tavisi politikuri da socialuri ar-
sebobis is formebi, romlebic ukeT miesadageba mis suls, miswrafe-
bebs, Cveulebebs da mis erovnul kulturas~.8
zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare saWirod migvaCnia mivuTiToT, rom
qarTuli sazogadoebaSi, maT Soris, sasuliero fenebSic TiTqmis
mTlianad antisabWoTa ganwyoba iyo gabatonebuli, ramac xeli Seuwyo
1924 wlis ajanyebis dawyebas.
antisabWoTa ajanyebis momzadeba sakuTar Tavze aiRo sagangebod
Seqmnilma organizaciam `saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetma~,
romelic aerTianebda sazogadobis yvela fenasa Tu politikur par-

7 aRniSnuli mimarTva Tavdapirvelad daibeWda italiur gazeTSi `kafara~,

SemdgomSi igi araerTxel iqna gamocemuli, Cven amJamad veyrdnobiT qar-
Tuli diplomatiis istoriis qretomaTiaSi gamocemul teqsts. ix. qarTu-
li diplomatiis istoria (qrestomaTia). Seadgines, SeniSvnebi da
komentarebi daurTes bondo kupataZem, goCa saiTiZem, jaba samuSiam. Tb.
2004, gv. 549.
8 qarTuli diplomatiis istoria (qrestomaTia), gv. 549-50.

326
 mixeil qarTveliSvili. saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebaSi

tias. misi agitatorebi aqtiurad cdilobdnen ajanyebaSi mosaxleobis

gansakuTrebiT didi raodenobis CarTvas, raTa momxdariyo maqsimaluri
darazmuloba erovnuli Tavisuflebis ideis garSemo. maTi mTavari Te-
ma iyo damoukideblobis sakiTxi da religiis dabeCavebuli mdgomareo-
ba qveyanaSi.9
ajanyebaSi saeklesio sakiTxis mniSvnelobaze naTlad metyvelebs
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetis samegrelos organizaciis
mier mosaxloebaSi gavrcelebuli proklamacia, romelSic bolSevike-
bis mier Cadenil sxvadaxva danaSaulebebTan erTad aRniSnulia isic,
rom `man (komunisturi xelisufleba, m. q.) daxura da gaZarcva aTas
oTxasi eklesia; zogi maTgani sruliad daangria, zogic saTeatro sax-
lad da klubad gadaakeTa da zogic sxva aramed, riTac dasWirdeboda.
man samasxaroT da quCis biWebis dasacinad gaxada sarwmunoeba. eklesi-
is msaxurni, vinc ki gabeda sarwmunoebis gamoqomageba, gakriWa, cixeSi
Cayara kaTalikosianaT, cixis gareT darCenili mRvdlebi aiZules
mRvdel-moqmedebazed xeli aeRoT da Zalad gakriWes. amave dros yvela
es sisaZagle daabrales xalxs, ganacxades ra TavianT yrilobebze
eklesiebi xalxma daxurao~.10
aRniSnul proklamaciaSi naTlad Cans, rom saqarTvelos damou-
kideblobis komitetisTvis qveynis saxelmwifoebriv, damoukideblobis
aRdgenasTan erTad didi mniSvneloba hqonda eklesiis saerTo mdgo-
mareobis gaumjobesebas da sabWoTa xelisuflebis mier gatarebul an-
tisaeklesio politikis Sedegebis daZlevas.
saeklesio sakiTxis did mniSvnelobaze metyvelebs nawyveti ajan-
yebulTa erT-erTi aqtiuri wevris, erovnul-demokratiuli partiis
Tavmjdomaris, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis komitetis Tavmjdomaris
moadgilis iason javaxiSvilis Cvenebidan:
`axalma Zalauflebam (bolSevikuri xelisufleba m. q.) daiwyo

9
l. jiqia. 1924 wlis ajanyeba saqarTvelos regionebSi: (samegrelo). (me-2
gamoc.). Tb. 2009, gv. 12.
10 r. lominaZe. 1924 wlis ajanyebis dokumenti: [`damkomis~ erT-erTi peri-
feriuli organizaciis, `saqarTvelos damoukideblobis samegrelos komi-
tetis~ mowodeba 1924 wlis 29 agvistos ajanyebisaTvis]. Jurn.: `politika~.
#8. Tb. 1991, gv. 63-65; l. jiqia. 1924 wlis ajanyeba saqarTvelos regioneb-
Si: (samegrelo), gv. 28-29.

327
 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. IV

eqsperimentebi qarTuli eklesiis mimarT. miuxedavad imisa, rom ga-

moacxades sindisis Tavisufleba, daiwyes Cveni religiis udierad dev-
na. ZaliT dahketes qarTuli eklesiebi, ricxviT TviT gazeT `komunis-
tis cnobiT 1500, dauketavi darCa araumetes 15-isa. aiZulebdnen
mRvdlebs gakrWiliyvnen, ar gvakmares, Seurawyves saflavi daviTisa da
konstantinesi, romelnic iyvnen, aramarto saeklesio, aramed erovnu-
li gmirebi: amiT Seagines Cveni erovnuli grZnoba. rad mimarTavda xe-
lisufleba represiebs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wina-
aRmdeg? imitom, rom sarwmunoeba ar egueba kulturas? safrangeTi,
inglisi Cvenze kulturuli erebia, magram sarwmunoebisaTvis iq xeli
ar uxliaT. sabWoTa qveynebi? azerbaijanSi arc erTi mozaki ar aris
daxuruli, somxeTic, rogorc Cans manovskis wignidan `somxuri poli-
tikuri partiebi sazRvargareT~, daketilia mxolod ramdenime ekle-
sia, sabWoTa ruseTSi ki TiTqmis yvela eklesia Riaa da garda amisa
iq seminaricaa, romelSic mRvdlebs amzadeben.11
ar SeiZleba am devnas raime normaluri mohyoloda, mere ras
miaRwies amiT?
qarTvelma erma qarTuli eklesiis devniT dainaxa vostorgovis
movlinebis safrTxe da marTlac ruseTis `cocxali eklesia~ Seecada
kvlav gaeerTianebina da da saqarTvelos eklesia gamoecxadebina Tavis
eparqiad~.12
1924 wlis ajanyebaSi saeklesio sakiTxis kvlevisas didi
mniSvneloba aqvs masSi sasuliero pirebis monawilobis faqts, aRniS-
nuli kuTxiT gansakuTrebiT sainteresod migvaCnia ajanyebis monawile-
Ta mogonebebSi daculi cnobebisa da saarqivo dokumentebis ganxilva.
sasuliero pirebis ajanyebaSi monawileobis faqts pirvelad ix-
sniebs ajanyebis erT-erTi aqtiuri monawile, qaquca ColoyaSvilis

11
cxadia, amas iason javaxiSvili saqarTveloSi arsebuli situaciis mZaf-
rad aRsaqmelad aRniSnavs, radgan, rogorc cnobili, sabWoTa xelisufle-
ba aseve mkacrad daupirispirda ruseTis marTlmadidebel eklesiasac.
12
iason javaxiSvilis Cveneba sruli saxiT pirvelad gamoqvynda emigran-
tul JurnalSi `gumbaTi~. #4. Tb. 1984, gv. 24-49; igi aseve daibeWda nestan
kirTaZis mier gamoceml dokumentebis krebulSi, ix. nestan (elisabed)
kirTaZe. kaen, sad aris Zma Seni?! qarTvelTa istoriis sisxliani furcle-
bi (1921-1930ww). Tb. 1998, gv. 77-102 da revaz grZeliZis naSromSi `1924 wlis
saxalxo ajanyeba saqarTveloSi~. Tb. 1992, gv. 46-47.

328
 mixeil qarTveliSvili. saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebaSi

`SeficulTa~ razmis wevri aleqsandre sulxaniSvili, romelic Cven-

Tvis saintereso sakiTxs mxolod gakvriT exeba, magram mis mier moy-
vanili cnoba mainc faseulad migvaCnia, radgan movlenis mravalmxirivi
ganxilvis SesaZleblobas iZleva.
rodesac aleqsandre sulxaniSvili saubrobs ajanyebisadmi mo-
saxleobis damokidebulebaze, xazs usvams erT saintereso faqts, ker-
Zod, sasuliero pirebi mzad iyvnen daxmarebodnen damoukideblobisT-
vis mebrZolebs ara marto locva-kurTxeviT, aramed materialuradac,
maT Soris suraT-sanovagiTac da Tu saWiro gaxdeboda, mzad iyvnen
fizikuradac ebrZolaT qveynis gaTavisuflebisTvis, rogorc istoriu-
lad sasuliero pirebi iqceodnen, rac xSirad mosaxleobisTvis da ga-
mocdili mebrZolebisTvis misabaZi magaliTi iyo.13
sasuliero pirebis ajanyebisadmi loialur damokidebulebasa da
mxardaWras adasturebs cnobili qarTveli politikuri moRvawis,
erovnul-demokratiuli partiis erT-erTi aqtiuri wevris daTa vaCna-
Zis mier moyvanili saintereso pasaJi, sadac aRwerilia misi saubari,
erTi mxriv, bakurcixis eklesiis diakvan TamazaSvilsa da, meore
mxriv, Tavis mamidasTan, bodbis dedaTa monastris iRumenia ninosTan
(saero cxovrebaSi elene vaCnaZe _ m. q.), romlis mixedviTac isini
sabWoTa xelisuflebisgan ganTavisuflebis SesaZleblobas mxolod
qarTvelebis erTsulovnebasa da Tavganwirul brZolaSi xedaven.14
sainteresoa isic, rom sasuliero pirTagan ajanyebulTa daloc-
vis faqti dafiqsirebulia ajanyebis kidev erTi monawilis solomon
zaldastaniSvilis memuarebSi, sadac xazgasmulia is didi mniSvneloba,
romelsac ajanyebulebi am faqts aniWebdnen.15
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom ajanyebis monawile sasuliero pirebi
miuTiTebdnen, rom maTTvis miuRebli iyo bolSevikuri xelisuflebis
antireligiuri da antierovnuli politika, radgan igi pirdapir saf-
rTxes uqmnida rogorc qarTvelTa erovnul TviTSegnebas, aseve mo-
saxleobis religiur mrwamss.

13
aleqsandre sulxaniSvili. mogonebebi SeficulTa razmze. Tb. 2007, gv. 217.
14
daviT vaCnaZe. samSoblos samsaxurSi (mogonebani). qarTul-evropuli in-
stitutis Jurnali `iveria~. #2. Tbilisi-briuseli. 1993, gv. 180, 185.
15 solomon zaldastaniSvili. saqarTvelos 1924 wlis amboxeba. mogonebebi.
Tb. 1989, gv. 44-45.

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 saqarTvelos istoriis institutis Sromebi. IV

aRniSnulis sailustraciod moviyvanT nawyvets Tbilisis mazris

gare kaxeTis raionis sofel axalsoflis eklesiis winamZRvar, dekanoz
giorgi inaSvilis Cvenebidan, romelic man misca saqarTvelos sagangebo
komisiis samwyobro nawilis inspeqtoris TanaSemwes, miron baumfelds:
`maSin, rodesac me davdeqi faqtis winaSe, rom saqarTveloSi Se-
movida rusuli jari, CemSi iTamaSa erovnulma grZnobam, me agitacias
veweodi, rogorc nacionalisti da kidev imitom, rom eklesiis Se-
saxeb kanonebi CvenTvis miuRebelia da amasTan erTad, Cven sasuliero
pirebs gvdevnian, gansakuTrebiT komkavSirlebi~.16
vfiqrobT, zemoaRniSnuli faqtebi naTlad adasturebs, rom 1924
wlis ajanyebaSi sasuliero pirebi aqtiurad monawileobdnen da mis
erT-erT warmarTvel Zalasac warmoadgendnen.
dasasruls, daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 1924 wlis
ajanyebaSi saeklesio sakiTxs erT-erTi mniSvnelovani adgili eWira,
rac Tavis, mxriv ganpirobebuli iyo xelisuflebis mxridan gatarebu-
li antireligiuri da antierovnuli politikiT, romelic bunebriv
aRSfoTebas iwvevda qarTuli sazogadoebis rogorc saero, aseve sasu-
liero fenebSi.

16saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros arqivi. II ganyofileba. fondi

#6. saarqivo #2424. saqme #14649-60. furc. 24-25.

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mixeil qarTveliSvili. saeklesio sakiTxi 1924 wlis agvistos ajanyebaSi

Mikheil Kartvelishvili

THE CHURCH ISSUE IN THE AUGUST UPRISING OF 1924

Summary

The August uprising of 1924 is studied thoroughly in the Georgian and

foreign historiography. Its strategy, tactics, action plans and other aspects are
well analized. But nobody paid any attention to the problem how the rebels
thought of the Georgian Orthodox Church in future.
The paper is based on archival data and memories of laymen and clergy.
The Bolsheviks conducted strictly anti-religious politics, and that was one
of the most important reasons of uprising of 1924. The nationalists supported
idea of independent Georgian church within the democtratic country.

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