A.8.1 8th International Conference on Insulated Power Cables A.8.

A MEASURING SYSTEM OF CONDUCTOR AC AND DC RESISTANCE

Karl-Erik RYDLER SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, (Sweden), karlerik.rydler@sp.se

Mats SJBERG, Jrgen SVAHN, ABB AB, (Sweden), mats.l.sjoberg@se.abb.com, jorgen.svahn@se.abb.com

ABSTRACT Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). This allows high accuracy

in both magnitudes and phase angles even with relatively
A measuring system of conductor AC and DC resistance low sampling frequency [2].
has been developed using synchronous sampling. The
current circuit is made coaxial to minimize the influence of AC / DC
external magnetic fields on the conductor and to minimize Current
error due to mutual coupling to the voltage circuit. The generator
measuring system is verified using standards with
calculable AC resistance. Measuring results of cables of
different designs are reported and an uncertainty analysis shunt cable
according to GUM is made. Rs R L
KEYWORDS
High Voltage AC cable, AC resistance, skin effect, Vs V
measuring system, uncertainty analysis.
ADC ADC
INTRODUCTION
The ampacity of High Voltage AC cables strongly
depends on the AC resistance of the cable conductor. In f
the development of, specifically, segmented High Voltage Trigger
PC
Control
AC cables with large conductor cross-sections, there is a
need to measure conductor ac resistances with high
accuracy to verify their performance. The CIGRE Working Fig 1. Schematic diagram of the measuring system.
Group B1.03 recommends in [1] that the AC resistance of
The ratio of the AC resistance RAC and the reactance L
large cable conductors should be measured when the
relative the DC resistance RDC is then determined as:
cables designs are being type tested. The reason of this
recommendation is the calculation complexity of existing V V VAC VSDC
RAC
theoretical models. = Re AC SDC = cos (1)
RDC VDC VSAC VDC VSAC
An improved measurement method was asked for by ABB
to be able to quantify differences between conductor
L V V VAC VSDC
design changes. Based on the overview of electrical = Im AC SDC = sin (2)
measuring methods given in [1] and the long experience RDC
at SP of digital sampling and data processing it was
VDC VSAC VDC VSAC
chosen to develop a measuring system based on where
digitizers and synchronous sampling.
VAC is the complex RMS value of the fundamental
MEASURING METHOD harmonic of the measured voltage of the cable conductor
The cable conductor is connected in series with a coaxial VSAC is the complex RMS value of the fundamental
current shunt using a specially made current Tee harmonic of the measured voltage of the shunt output
connector. The screen of the cable is used for the return
is the difference in phase angle between VAC and VSAC
current to minimize the voltage drop along the conductor
due to inductance. The current circuit is made coaxial to VDC is the measured DC voltage of the cable conductor
minimize the influence of external magnetic fields on the
conductor and to minimize the generation of magnetic VSDC is the measured DC voltage of the shunt output
fields that can disturb the voltage measurements. If the length L of the conductor between the voltage
DC and AC current are applied to the circuit in a terminals is measured the value of RAC and RDC per unit
sequence and the output voltage of the current shunt and length can also be determined as:
the voltage drop along the conductor are measured by a
V R VAC RSAC
two channel digitizer. This allows the DC and AC RAC = Re AC SAC = cos (3)
resistance to be measured at the same time.
L VSAC L VSAC
The AC voltages are measured by synchronous sampling.
VDC RSDC
The measuring principle is based on equally-spaced RDC = (4)
simultaneous sampling of the voltage along the conductor L VSDC
and the output of a current shunt during an exact prime
number of periods of the fundamental frequency. The where RSAC and RSDC is the AC and DC resistance of the
RMS values and the phase-angle difference of the two current shunt, respectively.
signals fundamental harmonic are then determined by

Jicable11 19 23 June 2011, Versailles - France