CommonlyUsedHVACFormulaeandConversions

AirSide

QTotal=CFMx(hihf)x4.5Btuh

QSensible=CFMx(titf)x1.085Btuh

QLatent=CFMx(GriGrf)x.068Btuh

Humidification=CFMx(GrfGri)/1,555lbs/hr

CFM=l/sx2.12

AirPressureDrop(in.wg)=Pa/249

WaterSide

Q=USGPMx(titf)x500Btuh

Q=USGPMx(titf)x450Btuh(50%E.G.)

Q=USGPMx(titf)/24Tons

USGPM=l/sx15.85

WaterPressureDrop(ft.wg)=kPax0.335
1.0PSI=2.31wg

7,000Grains=1.0lb

Miscellaneous

1.0 Ton=12MBH=12,000Btuh
1.0 Therm=100,000Btuh=100MBH

COP=3.516/(kw/Ton)

EER=Tonsx12/(TotalkWinput)

Btuh=Wattx3.412

HP=kWx1.3405

1BoilerHP=33.48MBH

1USGallon=8.33lbs

Latentheatofvaporizationofsteaminair(average)=1,050Btuh/lb

TheAffinityLaws(Fan/PumpLaws)

rpm2Flow2
=
rpm1Flow1

P2 Flow22
=
P1 Flow1

mhp2 Flow23
=
mhp1 Flow1

PumpBHP=USGPMxHead(ft.wg)

3960xPumpEfficiency

FanBHP=CFMxS.P.(incheswg)

6356xStaticEfficiency


AirConditioningFormulas

1Btu=amountofheatrequiredtoraise(orlowertemperatureofone
poundofwater1oF

1tonrefrigeration=12,000Btu/h=200Btu/min

1watt=3.412Btu/h

1horsepower=2545Btu/h

1lb=7000grains

1ft(head)=0.433psi

1squarefootEDR(equivalentdirectradiation)=240Btu

1boilerhorsepower=33,479Btu/h

No.ofairchanges(N)=60cfm/ft3

Sensibleheat(Btu/h)=1.08Qt
Wheret=differencebetweenenteringandleavingdrybulb
temperatureandQ=airflowrateincubicfeetperminute

Latentheat(Btu/h)=0.68Qg
Whereg=differenceinmoisturecontentofenteringand
leavingair,grainsperpoundofdryair

Waterquantity(gpm)requiredforheatingandcooling=q/500twater
Whereq=loadinBtu/h

Chillercapacity(tons)=gpm(chilledwater)xt(water)/24
ForAir:
1lb/h=4.5Q
1ton=Qh/2670

cfmxstaticpressure(in.w.g.) Densityofair
Fanhp=

6356xEfficiency x
Densityofstandardair

Smallfans0.400.50efficiency
Largefan0.550.60efficiency

ForWater:
1lb/h=500gpm
1ton=(gpm)t/24
gpmxfthead
Pumphp= x SpecificGravity
3960xEfficiency

Smallpumps0.400.60efficiency

Largepumps0.700.85efficiency