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SURFACE FACILITIES
UNITS VOLUME
141.5
o
API - 131.5 : o specific gravity at stock tank
o
T = 60 F, P = 14.7 psia
oAPI of water = 10
oAPI of Heavy oil ≤ 20
oAPI of Extra heavy Oil ≤ 10
Volume & Density
1 g mol ideal gas at 0 oC, 760 mm Hg = 22.4140 liters = 22 414 cm3
Metric English
Length -Basic Meter (m) foot (ft)
-Secondary cm , km inch (in) , mile
Area -Basic m2 ft2
-Secondary cm2 , hectares (ha) in2 , acres
Volume -Basic m3 ft3
-Secondary cm3 , liters (L) US gallons (US gal),
in3, UK gas, bbl
Mass -Basic kg, kmol pounds (lb), lb-moles
-Secondary grams (g) Lb/US gal , lb/UK gal
Density -Basic kg/m3 Lb/ft3
-Secondary g/cm3
Time -Basic second (s) Second (sec)
-Secondary min (m), day (d), Min, day, yr
year (a)
COMMONLY UNITS USED IN PETROLEUM
INDUSTRY (2)
oR K
Ft/D m/d
COMMONLY UNITS USED IN PETROLEUM
INDUSTRY (4)
1 Pa.s = 1 N. s / m2 = 1 kg / m. s = 1000 cp
Viscosity
• 1 cp = 10-2 g / cm. s (poise)
• 1 cp = 2.4191 lbm / ft. h
• 1 cp = 6.7197 x 10-4 lbm /ft. s
Unit Power
1 hp = 0.74570 kw
1 hp = 550 ft . Lbf / s
1 hp = 0.7068 btu / s
1 J / s (joule/s) = 1 W
Unit, Standard
Q (rate)
Velocity ( v )
A (luas)
ft , lb, s, lbf :
Q ( ft3 / s)
Length = ft
A( ft2 )
Area = ft2
ft / s
Viscosity = lbm /ft. s
Pressure = lbf / ft2 Work (W) = Q ( P1 - P2 )
Time = s = Q (ΔP)
P1 P2 Pressure
P1 P2
Cuft/D W = Q ( P1 - P2 ) = Q (ΔP)
ΔP = pressure loss (psi)
P1 P2
1 btu = 778.17 ft.lbf W = Q ( P1 - P2 ) = Q (ΔP)
1 hp = 550 ft.lbf / s
START WITH BASIC UNITS
ft 3 lb f
W(power) q p 2 ft.lb f / s hp/550
s ft
W(hp) 550 q(ft 3/s) p (lb f /ft 2 )
PIPE
Q
P1 P2
Qg
Q A D
Vg
A
Assignment #
Qg
Q A
D
Vg
A
If pressure and temperature in the pipe are equal to 600 psia and
120 F, respectively, and SG gas = 0.6. Determine velocity of gas
in the pipe ( ft/sec )
: Assignment #,
20 Qg g
1) N Re
d
2) Hp Constant Qg P
Using following units: