Continuous columns is classified by the nature of the feed that are processing (e.g.

binary
columns- 2 components)
Components in a bubble cap distillation column, is used to either transfer heat energy or
enhance mass transfer. The important component in a distillation column is the vertical shell
where separation of liquid take place.
Column internals such as tray plates and/or packing are used to enhance component
separation
Reboiler to provide the necessary vaporization, a condenser to cool and condense the vapor
leaving the top of the column
Reflux drum to hold condensed vapor from the top and the reflux is recycled back to the
column
The feed tray divides the column into a top(enriching) section and a bottom(stripping)
section.

Feed flows down the column where it is collected at the bottom in the reboiler.
Heat supplied to the reboiler to generate vapor

Vapor travels up the column and exits the top of the unit, it is cooled by the condenser and
liquid condensed is stored in a holding vessel known as reflux drum. The condensed liquid is
removed from the system is known as the top product/distillate